chap. abbr. (in writing) chapter (       ) $, H, 0

chap ar ral /Jaepe’rael/ noun [U] (NAmE) an area of dry land that is covered with small bushes

JA

cha patti (also cha-pati) /tja'paeti; -'pa:ti/ noun a type of flat round S Asian bread ( chapel /'tjaepl/ noun 1 [C] a small building or room used for Christian worship in a school, prison, large private house, etc. (

) />&£: a college chapel #|£lft/J^§ 2 [C] a separate part of a church or cathedral, with its own altar, used for some services and private prayer ( ffc # 1*1      ) ft &, /b Wi ^ 3 [C, U] {BrE) the word for a

church used in some Christian denominations, for example by Nonconformists in Britain ( 3S#

a Methodist

chapel     o a Mormon chapel Mil0

She always went to chapel on Sundays, M & ;Sr # It A 4 [C] a small building or room used for funeral services, especially at a cemetery or crema­torium (

6 [C+sing./pl. v.} {BrE) a branch of a trade/labor union in a newspaper office or printing house; the members of the branch (

.chapel of 'rest noun {BrE) a room at an undertaker’s where dead bodies are kept before the funeral ( MiZ

m )^P|h], WF%.

chaper one (BrE also chaperon) /'Jaeperaun; NAmE -oun/ noun, verb

mnoun 1 (in the past) an older woman who, on social occasions, took care of a young woman who was not married ( IB    ) A A: A # 2 a person

who takes care of children in public, especially when they are working, for example as actors ( LIe^ f 3 {NAmE) a person, such as a

parent or a teacher, who goes with a group of young people on a trip or to a dance to encourage good behaviour (       AftftSfcfrlft ) §^A, U£rA;

t a$aa) wjma

* verb [VN] to act as a chaperone for sb, especially a woman & ( * A )       & ( £A ) ffrKE^A

chap kan /'tjaepkan/ noun a long coat worn by men, especially in northern India and Pakistan     ( £pj|;

chap-lain /'tjaeplm/ noun a priest or other Christian minister who is responsible for the religious needs of people in a prison, hospital, etc. or in the armed forces («, EI&,    ttiltp, #i»&W

— compare padre, priest(I) chap lain cy /'tjaeplmsi/ noun {pi. -ies) the position or work of a chaplain; the place where a chaplain works

chap-let /‘tjaeplat/ noun a circle of leaves, flowers or jewels worn on the head ( )

chapped /tjaept/ adj. (of the skin or lips fe ^ JH) rough, dry and sore, especially because of wind or cold weather (

chaps /tjaeps/ noun [pi.] leather coverings worn as protection over trousers/pants by cowboys, etc. when riding a horse (

W: a pair of chaps chap ter 0-w /'tj'aepta(r)/ noun 1 {abbr. chap.) [C] a separate section of a book, usually with a number or title ( 45 (ft ) M, H, 0 : I’ve just finished Chapter 3. fZWijchZWi 3 Mo 0 in the previous/ next/last chapter A BU / T / fi M o Have you read the chapter on the legal system? il'A W P\ IS &(J IP—$n%> 2 [C] a period of time in a person’s life or in history ( A£s!cM£M ) W3B, Jttft,  a difficult

chapter in our country’s history

3 [C+sing./pl. v.] all the priests of a cathedral or members of a religious community

; a meeting of the dean and chapter k # fP ^ & Wi ± W <£• bC 4 [C] {especially NAmE) a local

branch of a society, club, etc. ( 4±@!L ftft&: the local chapter of the Rotary club       H ^ #j

Mftft£ ITiTOl .chapter and 'verse the exact details of sth, especially the exact place where particular information may be found         ( Atafg&W ) W

#1 £B :    I can’t give chapter and verse, but that’s the

rough outline of our legal position. A tl 1%. i’W 1?,          a .chapter of

'accidents (BrE) a series of unfortunate events        A

'chapter house noun a building where all the priests of a cathedral or members of a religious community

meet^MJx; £%imfo&iZJf

char /tja:(r)/ verb, noun

m verb (-rr-) 1 [V, VN] to become black by burning; to make sth black by burning it ($»);$& H ,    — see also

charred o note at burn 2 [V] {old-fashioned, BrE) to work as a cleaner in a house

mnoun {old-fashioned, BrE) 1 [C] = charwoman 2 [U] {informal) tea ffc : a cup of char

charabanc /'Jaerabaeij/ noun {old-fashioned, BrE) an early type of bus, used in the past especially for pleasure trips (      ) M7, MA

char-ac-ter 0-w /'kaerakta(r)/ noun

                 QUALITIES/FEATURES faff/, 1 [C, usually sing.] all the

qualities and features that make a person, groups of people, and places different from others ( A, M W ftt)pnpM,'l«; (   ) #£, #£:       tohavea

strong/weak character ^ 14 ® / A ® 0 character traits/defects          / $ * 0 The book gives a fascin­ating insight into Mrs Blair’s character.       A

n'Jt/fo O Generosity is part of the American character. 'ItfEJiltH Af4f§#J—o The character of the neighbourhood hasn’t changed at all. & 2 [C, usually sing., U] the way that sth is, or a particular quality or feature that a thing, an event or a place has (  #

tEE, #  H’171 nature : the delicate character of the

light in the evening ^ I a] AT  * 0

buildings that are very simple in character ji| IS fpi [p 3 [U] {approving) strong personal qualities such as the ability to deal with difficult or dangerous situations H A; Mfj: Everyone admires her strength of character and determination. Gj—

0 He showed great character returning to the sport after his accident.

111 lB [1k 7^ ®  ^ fs o o Adventure camps are considered

to be character-building {= meant to improve sb’s strong qualities).

4 [U] (usually approving) the interesting or unusual quality that a place or a person has (        ) -Nf

#&: The modem hotels here have no real character. jtbihfflSS!o a face with a lot of character

                 STRANGE/INTERESTIN6 PERSON AM/WM A 5 [C]

Cinformal) (used with an adjective ^ fif M /t M) a person, particularly an unpleasant or strange one ( ^ AhtAW^c^#^ ) A: There were some really strange characters hanging around the bar.     WAl4

6 [C] {informal) an interesting or unusual person  She’s a character!

                 REPUTATION % # 7 [C, U] {formal) the opinion that

people have of you, particularly of whether you can be trusted or relied on & # ; PM; 45 H :   She was a

victim of character assassination (= an unfair attack on the good opinion people had of her). [t A

Wlllo o a slur/attack on his character A

0 My teacher agreed to be a character witness for me in court.     M Ufa

WiftiiE Ao O a character reference {= a letter that a person who knows you well writes to an employer to tell them about your good qualities) pp^iil:045

                 IN BOOK/PLAY/MOVIE A:     8 [C] a person or an

animal in a book, play or film/movie ( Afl.

) A^J, $j€l: a major/minor character in the book 4$4fHj±lc/#:icA!$JO cartoon characters jj] [|j >t

SYMBOL/LETTER          '¥H 9 [C] a letter, sign, mark or