particular country K :      She’s Italian by birth but is

now an Australian citizen, jtfe & -ft jg; A ftj, ffl JJIlftE Ji ft A ft]         0 British citizens living in other parts of

the European Union       & life i&Eft3i til

2                  a person who lives in a particular place @J|; ft Eft the citizens of Budapest ftiAMftftftK 0 When you’re old, people treat you like a second-class citizen.

Rft A 111 £ IE % ft /&     ^ £ K ftp o — see also senior

citizen — compare subject(6) citi-zen-ry /'sitizanri/ noun [sing.+sing./pl. v.] (formal) (less formal in NAmE  jk;) all the citizens

of a particular town, country, etc. ftjAftK, ( i^cftE^ ) .citizen's ‘arrest noun an arrest made by a member of the public, not by the police 'Citizens' Band noun [u] = CB

citi zen ship /’sitizanjip/ noun [u] 1 the legal right to belong to a particular country  ) :

French citizenship p ||| o You can apply for citizen­ship after five years’ residency. ft] 1ft ft[ ft Iftft ftiif ftKft o 2 the state of being a citizen and accepting the responsibilities of it   ( WLX$r ) : an education

that prepares young people for citizenship ft? $5 AM

cit ric /'sitrik/ adj. relating to fruit such as lemons, oranges and limes tf W. tf]; Sfi IS 1$; tf] t®M A H tf]: a citric flavour tf

cit ric acid /.sitrik 'aesid/ noun [U] a weak acid found in the juice of lemons and other sour fruits cit ron /'sitran/ noun [C, U] a yellow fruit like a large lemon fiM;

cit ron ella /.sitra'nela/ noun [u] a type of grass from which an oil used in perfumes and soap is obtained

)

cit rus /'sitras/ noun [U] fruit belonging to the group of fruit that includes oranges, lemons, limes and grape­fruit fit tf  :         citrus fruit/trees/growers It f®

ft % / ft W / # II # 0 fabric in bright citrus shades (= orange, yellow or green) ©7{lf 0     W M © 0 |4

— picture o page R17

cit-tern /'sitan; NAmE -tarn/ noun an early type of musical instrument with strings, played like a guitar

City /'siti/ noun (pi. -ies)

1                  [C] a large and important town fftifi; Mift:    the city

centre ft ft ‘C 0 one of the world’s most beautiful cities ttt ft- t lx A tf] M if -* 0 a major city A M ft 0 the country’s capital city 'A^tfMMtfiMU 0 Mexico City MM If M — see also inner city 2 [C] (BrE) a town that has been given special rights by a king or queen, usually one that has a cathedral ( ftM EbJcA iff Vtf K, il$’WAfft£W ) # if ft:         the city of York fg ft $f if ft

3                  [Cl (NAmE) a town that has been given special rights by the state government ( &]\\$M]&-T^f)Etf] ) 1-flX.rfi

4                  [sing.+sing./pl. v.] all the people who live in a city 4+ft

fg[ E£ :        The city turned out to welcome the victorious

team home. £ iff K 1® fa if A iEE ill IsH !ftf A (ft PA ffi 0

5                  the City [sing.] (BrE) Britain’s financial and business centre, in the oldest part of London (

Sfe M & ft1 & ) it He ft fk K, it ffe M: a City stockbroker

ffclfcitl        0 What is the City’s reaction to

the cut in interest rates?

fnj ? 6 [U] (informal) used after other nouns to say that a place is full of a particular thing ( ft )

ft ?$ • • • W Hfe A: It’s not exactly fun city here is it? j&M# Mftfeft,   EBI see freedom

the .City and Guilds Institute noun [sing] (in Britain) an organization that gives qualifications in technical subjects and practical skills At [lj ft §S[M ft fj ik >

1 city desk noun 1 (BrE) the department of a newspaper that deals with financial news ( jf ft Elf ) M

2                  (NAmE) the department of a newspaper that deals

with local news (   ) Jlfeft'frlW

city editor noun 1 (BrE) a journalist who is responsible for financial news in a newspaper or magazine ( jtfij EtfJ )        2 (NAmE) a journalist who is respon­

sible for local news in a newspaper or magazine ( jftfij

m) vk-fsmw&m

.city ‘father noun [usually pi.] a person with experience of governing a city i$ft7G;g ( EWM&M# )

.city ‘gent noun (BrE, informal) a business person, espe­cially a man who works in the financial area of London

() ftA .city ‘hall noun [C, U] (NAmE) the local government of a city and the offices it uses ftffjUfr; fifti" city-scape /'sitiskeip/ noun the appearance of a city or urban area, especially in a picture; a picture of a city (

( sSMA )

.city 'slicker noun (informal, often disapproving) a person who behaves in a way that is typical of people who live in big cities ft A/fKWMMA; iiAft f;

.city 'state noun (especially in the past) an independent state consisting of a city and the area around it (for example, Athens in ancient times) (

( MAftW& )

civet /'sivit/ noun 1 [C] a wild animal like a cat, that lives in central Africa and Asia XM- 01$ ( ftAA Hi 3E ft ) 2 [U] a substance with a strong smell, obtained from a civet, and used in making perfume

mm% mm ()

civic /'srvik/ adj. [usually before noun] 1 officially connected with a town or city Tfr lfc ft; ^ TfJ tf] :         civic buildings/leaders rh fli 3# &      / §5 W A

2 connected with the people who live in a town or city r]J K ft ; felM M K tf]:          a sense of civic pride (= pride

that people feel for their town or city) jf- f] M rlJ rfT K ft fi Bc’S 0 civic duties/responsibilities if/Rft A#/ ERft .civic 'centre noun 1 (BrE) the area where the public buildings are, in a town 7ft 41 jll' 2 civic center (NAmE) a large building where public entertainments and meetings are held ThiftA M; rfr 41 yl>: Atlanta Civic Center       All

.civic 'holiday noun (CanE) a holiday that is taken on the first Monday in August in all of Canada apart from Quebec, Alberta and Prince Edward Island r|J 0‘ ( A

A#>tfeft]iEl )

civ-ics /'siviks/ noun [U] (especially NAmE) the school subject which studies the way government works and deals with the rights and duties that you have as a citizen and a member of a particular society

civil o-n /'sivl/ adj.

1 [only before noun] connected with the people who live in a country |Rft; ft^ft:          civil unrest (= that is

caused by groups of people within a country) K X)cft?i — see also civil war 2 [only before noun] connected with the state rather than with religion or with the armed forces Hit ft, ft Iff ft ( ft %  ft ) . a

civil marriage ceremony ft        3 [only

before noun] involving personal legal matters and not criminal law K¥ft ( ftiWft ') : a civil court fM — compare criminal — see also civil law 4 polite in a formal way but possibly not friendly WILtftft; ?r H ft riT-13 uncivil civ il ly /’sivali/ adv. ■. She greeted him civilly but with no sign of affection.

tm,

.civil de'fence (BrE) (NAmE .civil de'fense) noun [U] the organization and training of ordinary people to protect themselves from attack during a war or, in the US, from natural disasters such as hurricanes EEPA .civil diso'bedience noun [u] refusal by a large group of people to obey particular laws or pay taxes, usually as a form of peaceful political protest ftHASA/L; imlfl

mfi;

.civil engineering noun [u] the design, building and repair of roads, bridges, canals, etc.; the study of this as a subject ±^£3LU\ iAlg? ► .civil engi'neer noun

ci-vil-ian /sa'vilian/ noun a person who is not a member of the armed forces or the police ft &; 'ft; ET ; fff K, ► ci-vil-ian adj. [usually before noun]:  He left the army