whose result is known,
used for checking working methods对照标准；（检验工作方法的）参照实验：One group was treated with the new
drug, and the control group was given a sugar pin. —组采用新药治疗,而对照
检验组服用的则是糖丸。
►
PLACE 地点 6 [sing.] a place where orders are given or where checks are
made; the people who work in this place指挥（或检査、控制 >
站；指挥（或检査、控制:） 人员：a/r trc断c controZ空中交通管制中心◊ We went through passport control and into the departure lounge. 我们通过护照检查站进入了候机大厅。◊ This is
Afi^ion ControZ caHin^ the space shuttie Discovery.这是地面指挥 中心呼叫航天飞机“发现号”。
►
ON COMPUTER t| 7 [U] (also con'trol key [sing.]) (on a
computer keyboard) a key that you press when you want to perform a particular
operation (键盘上的 j
控
制键
be in control (of sth) 1 to
direct or manage an organizatiorv’an area or a situation 掌管，管理，控
制，操纵（某机构、地区或局势）：He’s reached retiring
age, but he’s stfHjfiirmiy m controi.他虽然已到退休年
龄，但仍大权在握。◊ There has been some violence a/iter the match, but the police are now
in control of the situ- arion.比赛后发生了一些暴力事件，但是现在警方已控制
了 局势。2 to
be able to organize your life well and keep calm处之泰然；安之若素：M spite 〇/ aH her /amfZy probZems,she’s reaHy fn
cOntroZ•她虽然象庭问题 重重，却能完全处之泰森。be/get/run/etc. out of con'trol to be or become
impossible to manage or to control无法管理；失去运制：77ie cMdren are
compZeteZy out o/controZ since their/atfter ■这些孩子
自他们的父亲离开后就无法无天了。trucfc ran outo/
control on the hfH. -辆卡车在山上失去了控制。be under con'trol to be being dealt
with successfully ^ 控制住；处于控制之下：Don’t worry—everything’s under contro?/别担心，一切都控制住了！ br丨ng/get/ keep sth under con'trol to succeed in dealing with sth so that it
does not cause any damage or hurt anyone g 制住，抑制住（不造成损％ )
: /t toofc two hours to bring the_/iire under confro〖•花了两个小时才控制住火势。
◊
Mease fceep your dog under contra"请管好你的狗！
■ verb (-II-)
►
HAVE POWER 拥有校力 1
[VN] to have power over a person, company, country, etc. so that you are able
to decide what they must do or how it is run 指挥；.控 制；掌管；.支酉^ : By the age of 21 he controlled the
company.他 21
岁就掌管了公司。◊ The whoie
territory is now contro«ed by the army, ji在全境都在军队的控制
之下/ ◊ Can’t you
controZ your children?你就不能管管 你这些孩子？
►
LIMIT/MANAGE 限制；管理 2 to limit sth or make it happen in a
particular way 限制；限定：_ [VN]. government attempts to contronmmigrarion 政府试图银制移民
的措施◊ Many
bi’oZogfcal processes are controHed by hormones.许多生物变化过程釦是由激素控制的。◊ [V wh-] Parents should control what their kids watch on teleVi- sion.父母虚该限定孩子看什么样的电视节目。3 [VN] to stop sth
from spreading or getting worse 阻■]!：蔓延（或
恶化）：Firefighters are still trying to control
the blaze. 消防队员仍在尽力控制火势的蔓延。◊ She was
gi’ven drugs to controZ the pain.给她服用了镇痛药。
►
MACHINE 4 [VN] to make sth,
such as a machine or system, work in the way that you want it to 操纵，控制
(机器或罕统等）：This fcnob controls
the voZume.此 钮调扣畚'.皇。◊ The traffic lights are
controlled by a centra〖cpmputer.交通信由中心计算机控制。
►
STAY CALM 保持镇静 5
[VN]
to manage to make yourself remain calm, even though you are upset or angry 抑 制；克制：/ was 5〇 furious I couldnrt
control myself and J hit him.我气得无法自制，就打了他。◊ ffe was/imliVig ft dpcuk to controZ his/edfngs•他觉得很难克制住自己
的感情。
con'trol freak noun (informal, disapproving) a person who always
wants to be in control of their own and others’ lives,, and to organize how
things are done.好多
管事的人；爱指挥别人的人
con-troMable /kan'traulebl;
NAmE -'trou-/ adj. that can be
controlled可控制（、或管理、操纵、、支配)的
| 435 conurbation
COIl-trolled tHt /kan'trauld; NAmE -'trould/ adj. •
.1
done or arrangeti in a very careful way_.十分小心完成
的；精心安排的：a controHed explosion逄制;i破◊ a controHed
environment 受到控制的生态环境 2 limited, or managed by law or by rules | 受法律或规則:l)限制
的，控制的，管制的：controHed airspace管制空域
3 -contro丨led (in compounds 构成复合词）managed by a
particular group, or in a particular way (受■某团妹 或用某种方$):管理的，控制的，操'纵的：aBritish- controHed
company 英资公司computer-con/ToHed
systems 吊计算5=几控制 W系统 4 remaining
calm and not getting angry or upset保持冷静的；克制的：She remained quiet and controlled.
—compare
uncontrolled
controlled e'conomy noun (economics a type of economic system in which a
government controls its countrys industries and decides what goods should be
produced and in what amounts管偏经沐丨由政府控制
，国家各项产业并决定产昴的种类与数量> controlled 'substance noun {technical an
illegal
drug 受管制药品；毒品：to be arrested /or
possession 〇/a controHed
substance 因藏有毒品前被捕 con-trol-ler /kan'tr0ula(r); NAmE -'trou-/ noun 1 a person who manages
or directs sth, especially a large organization or part of an organization (.尤推大型机构 或部门的）管理者，控制者，指挥者一see also air
traffic controller 2 (technical 7|<：i^) a device that
controls or regulates a machine
or part of a machine (机器的）控制器，调节器：a temperature
controHer温 控器 3 (also comp-trol.ler) a person who is in
charge of the financial accounts of a business company (■公司 的()财务总，管
controlling
'interest noun [usually sing.] the fact of owning
enough shares in a company to be able to make decisions about what the company
should db 控制股权 con'trol tower noun a building at an
airport from which the movements of aircraft are controlled (■机场
的）指挺塔台，控制塔，指挥调度合
con-tro-versial
/,kDntra'v3；Jl; NAmE .kaintra'vairjl/ adj. causing a lot of
angry public discussion and disagreement 引起争论的；有争&的：a highly contro-
versfaZ topic.廟#争议的话题◊ a
controversidpZtm to buiid a new road 有争议的氣路计划◊ Winston
C^urc/iiH and Richard
Nixon were both controversial figures.
顿•邱吉尔和:理查德VM克松都是有争议的人物。EH3
NON-CONTROVERSIAL, UNCONTROVERSIAL ► C〇n-trQ-ver- sial-ly /-Jali/ adv.
con-tro-versy /'kDntrav3：si; BrE also kan'trovasi; NAmE 'ka:ntr0V3：rsi/ noun [U, C] {pi. -ies) 〜（over/about/sur- rounding sb/sth) public discussion and
argument about sth that many people strongly disagree about, disapprove of, or
are shocked by (公开的 ）. 争论，_论，.论 战：to arouse/cause
controversy 引起争论◊ a bi’tter controversy over/about the site of
the new airport 新机场选址的激烈争论◊ the
controversy su/roimding his Zatest movie围—他最近一部电影的争备◊ TTie
President resigned amid
considerable controversy.
声中辞轵。
con-tro-vert /,kDntr9'v3：t; NAmE 'ka:ntr9V3：rt/ verb [VN] (formal) to say or prove that
sth is not true ^
PCT71
REFUTE
— see also INCONTROVERTIBLE con-tu-ma>cious /.kDntju'meiJas; NAmE ,ka:ntu-/ adj. (oW wse or /avw 律)lacking
respect for authority 親M权〶 的；违%的；不服从的
con*tu*sion /
con-un-drum /ka'nAndram/
noun 1 a confusing problem
or question that is very difficult to solve 4*
的难题；k杂难解的问题 2
a question, usually involving a trick with words，that you ask for fun ■^语 BfiTI
RIDDLE
con-urba-tion /.kDnai'beiJn; NAmE ,ka:n3：r'b-/ noun a large area where towns have grown and joined together,
often around a city •有卫.星城镇.的:l大都
市，集合城市