to become deeper; to make sth deeper (   ^ ffi.;

: [V] The water deepened gradually. 7Kii$T?f 7»

0                  His frown deepened. ftk(ftlBA^i#IiM7o 0 [VN1 There were plans to deepen a stretch of the river,

4 [VN] to improve your know­ledge or understanding of sth i#-& ( £p-iR ) ; jjp?^ ( Ji ffi ) : an opportunity for students to deepen their under­standing of different cultures ^ £ in U M H X 0 X it ^ tfl ^ 5 [V, VN] if colour or light deepens or if sth deepens it, it becomes darker ( fj£4 ) 35'$; (         ) 35 IF

Bf: deepening shadows   6 if a sound or

voice deepens or if you deepen it, it becomes lower or you make it lower ( r # ) 35      :         [V] His voice

deepened to a growl. ftk^;if#^J$7iBjftt#J0l1fL [also VN] 7 [V] if your breathing deepens, you breathe more deeply than usual U (   ( XH )

.deep ‘freeze (BrE) (US Deep-freeze™ .deep ’freezer) noun = FREEZER

,deep-‘frozen adj. preserved at an extremely low temperature

,deep-‘fry verb [VN] [usuaPy passive] to cook food in oil that covers it completely ffo : deep-fried chicken pieces

deep-ly 0-w /‘diipli/ adv.

1                  very; very much iH;       She is deeply reli­gious.   0 They were deeply disturbed by the

accident.      0 Opinion is deeply

divided on this issue. if & ^ 0 IS (ft ;§: AL jf J& ill X o o deeply rooted customs/ideas # 0 W / S *J> 0 deeply held beliefs/convictions/views (= that sb feels very strongly) 'Mjkx&MIsity /        2 used with

some verbs to show that sth is done in a very complete

way () mm, mm, mum-, to

breathe/sigh/exhale deeply (= using all of the air in your lungs) UBf ; t^itkHOl; fcfcitknf Ho sleep deeply (= in a way that makes it difficult for you to wake up) g§ to think deeply (= about all the aspects of sth) ifi,® 3 to a depth that is quite a long way from the surface of sth   to drill deeply into

the wood (o note at deep .deep-1 rooted,,deep-1 seated adj. [usually before noun] (of feelings and beliefs $ 1# fP fg fp) very fixed and strong; difficult to change or to destroy 0 (ft; ®

^ W: a deep-rooted desire £>[ (ft JS 0 The country’s political divisions are deep-seated. j&7ill^(ft

deep-sea (also less frequent ‘deep-water) adj. [only before noun] of or in the deeper parts of the sea MM (ft : a deep-sea diver 'W W Wl 7 f. In o deep-sea fishing/ diving        / ?f7jc

.deep-1 set adj. (formal) eyes that are deep-set seem to be quite far back in a person’s face ( HU if ) M P6 (ft ,deep-‘six verb [VN] [usually passive] (NAmE, informal) to decide not to do or use sth that you had planned to do or use   M ff; H; ^: Plans to build a new mall

were deep-sixed after protests from local residents.

the .Deep ‘South noun [sing.] the southern states of the US, especially Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana and South Carolina   ( XkM

m\)

‘deep structure (also D-structure) noun (grammar $) the basic relationships between the different parts of a sentence, which show how we think when we are using language       —compare surface struc­

ture

.deep vein throm bosis noun [u, c] (abbr. DVT) (medical E) a serious condition caused by a blood clot (= a thick mass of blood) forming in a vein ]fM£

Passengers on long-haul flights are being warned about the risks of deep vein thrombosis. jiiM$£-fr(ft^l WfBjidiiiiiifto deer /dia(r); NAmE dir/ noun (pi. deer) an animal with long legs, that eats grass, leaves, etc. and can run fast. Most male deer have antlers (- horns shaped like

branches). There are many types of deer. Jg: a herd of deer -^lo a deer park ff&k see also doe, fallow

DEER, FAWN, RED DEER, REINDEER, ROE DEER, STAG

deer-hound /’diahaund; NAmE ’dir-/ noun a large dog with rough hair, similar to a greyhound

H3g(ftfi€A:$ )

deerstalker /’diastoikafc); NAmE ’dirs-/ noun a cap with two peaks, one in front and one behind, and two pieces of cloth which are usually tied together on top but can be folded down to cover the ears ill ( m’X

def /def/ adj. (slang) excellent (ft; id # (ft: a def band

de-face /di’feis/ verb [VN] to damage the appearance of sth especially by drawing or writing on it ©135• •• (ftlf (        SL^f ) de face ment noun [U]

de facto /.dei ’faektau; NAmE -tonI adj. [usually before noun] (from Latin, formal) existing as a fact although it may not be legally accepted as existing % P7 ± ^ fE (ft ( X — 'n fk ) : The general took de facto control of the country.          de facto

adv.: He continued to rule the country de facto. ^

±,       0 — compare de jure

defae-cate, defae-ca-tion (BrE) = defecate, defe­cation

def-am-ation /.defa’meijn/ noun [U, C] (formal) the act of damaging sb’s reputation by saying or writing bad or false things about them MM     : The

company sued for defamation.  ?f] 0^IiJ0$|

de fama tory /di’faematri; NAmE -to:ri/ adj. (formal) (of speech or writing i5£i$^;3t$) intended to harm sb by saying or writing bad or false things about them ® M

de-fame /di'feim/ verb [VN] (formal) to harm sb by saying or writing bad or false things about them ®Jg; #ijg;

default /di'fb :lt; 'di:-/ noun, verb

» noun 1 [U, C] failure to do sth that must be done by law, especially paying a debt Xfm      ) ; The

company is in default on the loan.     0

Mortgage defaults have risen in the last year.

2 [U, C, usually sing.] (espe­cially computing if) what happens or appears if you do not make any other choice or change i^iA; fk/k {S; M S it: The default option is to save your work every five minutes. IKiAi&SAl         0 On

this screen, 256 colours is the default. jE -7 & tk M fk 256 ITTm by de'fault 1 a game or competition can be won by default if there are no other people, teams, etc. taking part (

( MEfH ) 2 if sth happens by default, it happens because you have not made any other decision or choices which would make things happen in a different way

W ) in de'fault of sth (formal) because of a lack of sth HAl&f!---: They accepted what he had said in default of any evidence to disprove it.

swim mimT4fom$0

verb [V] 1 ~ (on sth) to fail to do sth that you legally have to do, especially by not paying a debt     7 ft

) j to default on a loan/debt / ff # o defaulting borrowers/tenants A;  2 ~ (to sth) (especially

computing if) to happen when you do not make any other choice or change i£iA;  ; SOt ► de-fault-er

noun: mortgage defaulters

de-feat 0 /di'fnt/ verb, noun

m verb [VN] 1 to win against sb in a war, competition, sports game, etc. 35!$; Pnfl beat: He defeated

the champion in three sets, ilk H ifc 35 !$ 7 M ^ o o a defeated army !$ W- 2 (formal) if sth defeats you, you cannot understand it    : The instruction

manual completely defeated me.        tm

T o 3 to stop sth from being successful     ;

[fi^; ^5$: The motion was defeated by 19 votes. j&JSi 19 0 Staying late at the office to

discuss shorter working hours rather defeats the object