of the exercisei iS  /E      fe Xf£ At ift tn to JH

a noun 1 [U, C] failure to win or to be successful AI&; jj&; iilitfC: The party faces defeat in the election,

o a narrow/heavy defeat 'If J^; #J|jt o The world champion has only had two defeats in 20 fights.         0

They finally had to admit defeat (= stop trying to be successful).        2 [C, usually sing.] the act

of winning a victory over sb/sth          the defeat

of fascism

de feat ist /di'fiitist/ adj. expecting not to succeed, and showing it in a particular situation AtfciX ( # ) (ft: a defeatist attitude/view A J& A X (ft & Bt / M it ► de- feat ist noun: He is a pessimist and a defeatist, if Jl: S $l±A#, M:AI£±X#o de-feat-ism noun[\J]

defe-cate (BrE also defae-cate) /'defakeit; 'di:-/ verb [V]

(formal) to get rid of solid waste from your body through your bowels ]#          ► defe-ca-ttOn (BrE also

defae-ca-tion) /.defa'keijn; ,di:-/ noun [U]

de-fect noun, verb

m noun /'dirfekt; di'fekt/ a fault in sth or in the way it has been made which means that it is not perfect (ijfeit; pg ; % ^: a speech defect W if PS 0 a defect in the glass      pg

■ verb /di'fekt/ [V] ~ (from sth) (to sth) to leave a political party, country, etc. to join another that is considered to be an enemy    SSt ► defec tion /di’fekjn/

noun [U, C] ~ (from sth) (to sth): There have been several defections from the ruling party.          Jl

0H%> de-fect-or noun

defective /di'fektrv/ adj. having a fault or faults; not perfect or complete &4,fc W^PgW;

ET771 faulty : defective goods W Ife Pg W n°n 0 Her hearing was found to be slightly defective.        , M(ft

0/f A W it Pg o ► de-fect-ive-ly adv. de-fect-ive-ness noun [U]

de-fence On {BrE) (NAmE de-fense) /di'fens/ noun

►                PROTECTION AGAINST ATTACK ffl fp 1 [U] the act of

protecting sb/sth from attack, criticism, etc. &f ; # jft;       : soldiers who died in defence of their country

Af£I11fi0TO$K;f(fti!i!c± 0 When her brother was criticized she leapt to his defence. M (ft R $b 111 ft if H, 0 What points can be raised in

defence of this argument? ^it

0 I have to say in her defence that she knew nothing about it beforehand. i# A M 'rJ if, M =P^ A IS jlfc ^ o — see also self-defence 2 [C, U] ~ (against sth) something that provides protection against attack from enemies, the weather, illness, etc.

The town walls were built as a defence against enemy attacks. MifJI A Kfl£P$[A|iS M f i „ o The harbour’s sea defences are in poor condition. H P          U , 0 The body has

natural defence mechanisms to protect it from disease.

0 Humour is a more

effective defence than violence.

$p ji£ #g 0    3 [U] the organization of the people and

systems that are used by a government to protect a country from attack 0      #1 Hi; 0 fk : [BrE) the

Ministry of Defence 0      o {NAmE) the Department of

Defense 0 K; o Further cuts in defence spending are being considered. g

►                SUPPORT / j / 4 [C] something that is said or written in

order to support sth         : a defence of Marxism

►                LAW ff f1’ 5 [C] what is said in court to prove that a

person did not commit a crime; the act of presenting this argument in court          I#is];  Her defence

was that she was somewhere completely different at the time of the crime.

0 He wanted to conduct his own defence. if $?, ft BA ft.B 6 the defence [sing.+sing./pl. v.] the lawyer or lawyers whose job is to prove in court that a person did not commit a crime  —compare prosecu­

tion^)

IN SPORT W firsifo 7 [sing., U] the players who must prevent the other team from scoring; the position of these players on the sports field |A M ; A ;

JL : Welford cut through the defence to score the winning goal.         jftTffel0

(BrE) She plays in defence. MtTPAAo o (NAmE) He plays on defense. if RP/j/Fo — compare attack, offense(2) 8 [C] a contest, game, etc. in which the previous winner or winners compete in order to try to win again X H Milan’s defence of the European Cup

de-fence-less (BrE) {NAmE de-fense-less) /di’fenslas/ adj. weak; not able to protect yourself; having no protec­tion      X fg ftX (ft ;         defenceless

children ft Alls A [ft Jill 0 The village is defenceless against attack.   ► de-fence-less-

ness (BrE) {NAmE de-fense-less-ness) noun [U] defend o-w /di'fend/ verb

►                PROTECT AGAINST ATTACK \])j ffl 1 ~ (sb/yourself/sth) (from/against sb/sth) to protect sb/sth from attack Kf

^ Jl: [VN] All our officers are trained to defend themselves against knife attacks.

mrtttWTlMM* 0 Troops have been sent to defend the borders.

0 [V] It is impossible to defend against an all-out attack.

►                SUPPORT A f/f 2 [VN] ~ sb/yourself/sth (from/against sb/sth) to say or write sth in support of sb/sth that has been criticized ; M S : Politicians are skilled at defending themselves against their critics,

% E S It ^, $.0 M A W if, 0 How can you defend such behaviour?

►                IN SPORT # ff is gfj 3 [V, VN] (in sports W i£ ziJj) to protect your own goal to stop your opponents from scoring FTJ3 attack

►                IN COMPETITIONS fl A 4 [VN] to take part in a competi­tion that you won the last time and try to win it again

mnm () && (         ): He is

defending champion.      0 0 She will be

defending her title at next month’s championships. M# o {politics m He

intends to defend his seat in the next election.       T

►                LAW A % 5 to act as a lawyer for sb who has been

charged with a crime ( %■■■ )        [VN]

He has employed one of the UK’s top lawyers to defend

hinL foftTmm-*ti.m-'£&m%fom&o [aisovi

—                 compare prosecute(2)

de-fend-ant /defendant/ noun the person in a trial who is accused of committing a crime, or who is being sued by another person M'crA; Mir — compare accused, PLAINTIFF

de-fend-er /di'fenda(r)/ noun 1 a player who must stop the other team from scoring in games such as football (soccer), hockey, etc. B/jtFPAM; JsIE 2 a person who defends and believes in protecting sth tF3L #;      ^

A; KjfiiP#: a passionate defender of human rights

MWAM±,

de-fense (NAmE) = defence

de fens ible? /di'fensabl/ adj. 1 able to be supported by reasons or arguments that show that it is right or should be allowed     SlW;

: Is abortion morally defensible? Mlq ^?■

If 3I%? PTiJ-3 indefensible 2 (of a place jfe^r) able to be defended from an attack de-fen-sive /di'fensiv/ adj., noun m adj. 1 protecting sb/sth against attack Kf fp (ft ; jft (ft ;       31 (ft : a defensive measure Kr ffl Hr SE 0 Troops

took up a defensive position around the town.

M T ^ o — compare offensive(3) 2 behaving in a way that shows that you feel that people are criticizing you fr(ft;       ft II(ft: Don’t ask

him about his plans—he just gets defensive. #!] 0 M W ft* 3 {sport #) connected with trying to prevent the other team or player from scoring points or goals tP (ft : defensive play ft ^ S fT ft

—                 compare offensive(4) ► de-fen-sive-ly adv. de-fen- sive-ness noun [U]

■ noun IBIBI on/onto the de fensive acting in a way that shows that you expect to be attacked or criticized;