dis-grace /dis'greis/ noun, verb

• noun 1 [U]. the loss of other people’s respect and approval because of the bad way sb has behaved 丢脸；耻辱；不光彩 BDCI shame: Her behaviour has brought disgrace on her family.

〇 The swimmer was sent home from the Olympics in disgrace.这位游泳运动员很不光彩地从奧运会上被遣送 回国。◊ TTiere is no disgrace being poor.贫穷不是耻 辱。◊ Sam w〇5 fn disgrace with his parents.萨姆已矣: 他的父母。2 [sing.] a 〜(to sb/sth) a person or thing that is so bad that people connected with them or it feel or should feel _ ashamed 令人感到羞耻的人或 事）：Your homework is ah absolute disgrace. ik 太丢人了。◊ rhaf sort 〇/ behaviour is a disgrace to the !ega〖 pro/essiorz.这种行为是法律界的耻辱。oThe state 〇/our roads is a narionaZ disgrace.我们的道路状况 是国秦的耻辱It’s a disgrace that (= it is very wrong that) t&ey are paid so Zitrfe•他们的报酬如此备 薄，太不像话了。

■ verb [VN] 1 to behave badly in a way that makes you or other people feel ashamed 使丢脸；使蒙受耻辱：Z disgraced myself by drinking far too much.

出了洋相。◊ He had cfcgmcek the/amiZy name.他站污 了秦* 的名声。2 be disgraced to lose the respect'of people, usually so that you lose a position of power 使名誉扫地；使失势；钮失去地位：HewcwpuWicZy disgraced and s^nt into exiZe.他被当众贬谪，放逐异乡。

◊ a disgraced poHtician/ieader失势的从政者/领导人 dis-grace-ful /dis'greisfl/ adj. very bad or unacceptable; that people should, feel ashamed about 不光彩的；可耻 的；丢滅的：His behaWour was absoZutdy disgraceji/Z/ 他的行为真可耻！ ◊ Jt’s disgrace^W that none 〇/ the /ami〖y tried to hdp her.家里竟无又肯帮助她，太不像 话了。◊ a disgmce_/iii waste 〇/ money 可耻的金钱浪费 ► disgracefully /-fali/ adv.

dis-grun-tled /dis'grAntld/ adj. ~ (at sb/sth) annoyed or disappointed because sth has happened to upset you 不满不高兴的：He片/eeZi’ng Sisgrimrted at the way fd been treated.我受到如此对待因而愤然离去。◊ disgrunrfed empioyees 不满的雇员

SYNONYMS同义词辨析

disease

illness«disorder * infection * condition «ailment« bug

These are all words for a medical problem.:以上各词均

表示健康问题。

disease a medical problem affecting humans, animals or plants, often caused by infection 常指人、动植物感 染 W 病、疾病：He suffers from a rare blood disease,他

患有一种罕见的血液病。

illness a medical problem, or a period of suffering from one 指病、疾病、患病期• She died after a long illness.

她久病不愈而亡。

DISEASE OR ILLNESS?用 disease 还是 illness ?

Disease is used to talk about more severe physical medical problems, especially those that affect the organs. Illness is used to talk about both more severe and more minor medical problems, and those that affect mental health. * disease 指备严重的■身_疾病， 尤其是影响身体器官的疾病。illness指重病或小病均 可，也可指精神4：的疾病：heart/kidney/liver Ulness o mental disease Disease is not used about a period of illness. * disease 不指患病期：She died after a long

disorder (rather formal) an illness that causes a part of the body to stop .functioning correctly 指失调、余乱、 不适、*病：ra/^ disorder 〇/ f/?e //V打一命备见的存 病仙地 A disorder is generally not infectious. Disorder occurs most frequently with words relating to mental problems, for example /?syc/?/flfr/c, pe«o/7fl"fy， mental and eating. When it is used to talk about physical problems, it most often occurs with blood, bowel and kidney, and these are commonly serious,

I 571    disgust

dis-guise /dis'gaiz/ verb, noun

■                  verb [VN] 1 ~ sb (as sb/sth) to change your appearance so that people cannot recognize you 假扮；襄扮；伪 装：TTie hijackers were heav办 disguised•劫.持者也装得

严实实。.◊ She disguised herseZ/as a boy.她女扮男 装。◊ 77iey got Zn disguised as security guards.他们装扮 命保安人员混了造去。2 to hide sth or change it, so that it cannot be recognized 掩蔽；掩饰 HTTl conceal： She made no attempt to disguise her surprise. M ^ ^ ^ 饰自己的惊奇f ◊ ft was a thmUy disguised attack on the President.显k易见焱是在攻击总统。◊ She couidn’t disguise the /act that she /eit uncom/ortaWe.她无法掩 饰她那不安的心情。〇 note at hide

■                  noun 1 [C, U] a thing that you wear or use to change your appearance so that people do not recognize you 伪装物；化装用具：She wore giasses anci a wig as a disguise.她用眼镜和假发伪装起来。◊ The star traveHed m disguise __(= wearing a disguise).这位明星化了装去旅 行。◊ (/i(gwraf/Ve) A vote /or the Ziberd Democrats is just a Labour vote m disguise.投自由民主党的票不过是会头 换面投工党的票。2 [U] the art of changing your appear­ance so. that people do not recognize you 齒 扮； 装扮； 伪装：He is a master 〇/ disguise. 4 是 装髙手。

ITTOI see BLESSING dlS-gUSt /dis'gASt/ noun, verb • noun [U] ~ (at/with sth) | 〜（for sb) a strong feeling of dislike or disapproval for sb/sth that you feel is unacceptable, or for sth that looks, smells, etc. unpleasant ■厌恶；憎恶；反感：She expressed her disgust at the programme by writing a letter of complaint. M ^ 了封投诉信，表示对这个节目的反感。◊The idea月《5 me with disgust.这个想法实在令我恶心。◊ 7 can onfy /eeZ disgust/or these crimimik.对这些罪犯我只感到憎恶。◊ ife wa〖fced avva/ in disgust.他感到戾恶，就走开了。◊ Much to my disgust, they re_/iused to heZp.他们不# 帮 忙，■令我极其愤慨。◊ She wrinWed her nose in disgust at the smeH.她闻到那气味，恶心地皱起了鼻子。

■                  verb [VN] if sth disgusts you, it makes you feel shocked

severe or rare. * disorder —般不传染，多与有关精神问 题的词连用，如 psychiatric/personality/mental/eating disorder (精神错乱；人格障碍；精神紊乱；进食障 碍）。谈到身体方面的问题常与下列词连用，如blood/ bowel/kidney disorder (血液病；肠道失调；_肾脏疾 病），这些長病一般甩serious、severe或rare等词 修饰。

infection an illness that is caused by bacteria or a virus and that affects one part of the body 指由细_或病毒

引起的身体某部位的感染或传染疾病：故 /n/ect/oh喉部感染

concdtion a medical problem that you have for a long time because it is not possible to .cure it 指因不可治愈 而长期患有的疾病：0 cond/‘f/‘on心脏*

ailment (rather formal) an illness that is not very serious 邊轻病、小恙：c/j/W/joo^           儿童患的

小病

bug (informal) an infectious illness that is usually fairly mild指轻微的传染病、小病：flmKfy//wiwg严重的

流感

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS

■                  (a) bowel/heart/liver/respiratory disease/disorder/ condition

■                  a mental/psychiatric/psychological illness/disorder/ condition

■                  to have/suffer from a(n) disease/Ulness/disorder/ infection/condition/ailment/bug

■                  to catch/contract/get/pick up a(n) disease/illness/ infection/bug

to carry/pass on/spread/transmit a(n) disease/itlness/ infection