3 at a lower level or rate /E$jMS/KT; T ft; Ti^: Prices
have gone down recently. T
o We’re already two
goals down (= the other team has two goals more). jp.fi %
Is 4 used to show that the amount or strength of sth is lower, or that there is
less activity ( ffcU, ft ®, iif zjfj ) mft,
'f$M, Turn the music down! fEpj-lFM
ft /Jn ! o The doss settled down
and she began the lesson. ft |f # T ft foil
it ft bn 1: if f „ 5 (in a crossword 'f-'W
$,) reading from top to bottom, not
from side to side ^
AMT: I can’t do 3 down. flcfJtT ttj H 3 MlSfio
6 to or in the south of a country ft; ftWift: They flew down to
south.
A1& 7 on paper; on a list
( M ) t ; ( ?!]
) ftMi&±: Did you get that down? ft T ft T nf ? 0 I
always write everything down. T tPiST^o 0 Have you got me down for the
trip? 8 used to show
the limits in a range
or an order ( (ft PH
® ) TM, ]!M: Everyone
will be there, from the Principal down. 9
having lost
the amount of money
mentioned ft ft ( ) : At
the
end of the day we
were £20 down. ---XT ATT! T 7 20 10 if you pay an amount of money
down, you pay that to start with, and the rest later ( H ) Jfc#, f®# 11 (informal)
used to say how far you have got in a list of things you have to do
BlrcSfcffcit ( ) :
Well, I’ve seen six apartments so far. That’s six down
and
four to go! nm, mmftikmzmTftmftnifto
KAl? ftM%! 12 (informal)
to or at a local
place such as a
shop/store, pub, etc. fi\, ft^ ft (
Mitfe WjSliA > : I’m just going down
to the post
office. ftp jlj A o 0 I saw
him down at the
shops. $ ft
W ]8j Jg a # fij life 0 i:i«a In
informal British English, to and at are often left out after down in this
sense: He’s gone down the shops.
down ftiMB'fJeiilft to
ft He’s
gone down the shops. ll»Mi be down to sb (informal)
to be the responsibility of sb AWMft:; & 3£AMjn: It’s down to you to
check the door. A fj JeI? X fkif
WTo be down to sb/sth to be
caused by a particular person or thing A-AI© ( ) : She claimed her
problems were
down to the media. M ft if M WI«] MikM be
down to sth to have only a little money left K M T ( AJLH ) : I’m down to my last dollar. jk
K fiJTIIIft—7 0 be/go down with sth to have
or catch an illness & ••• ^ ^
down through sth
(formal) during
a long period of time ft ( ^
A W —
lx ) Bf|Hl
A: Down through the years this town has seen many changes.
down 'under (informal)
to or in
with sb/sth used to
say that you are opposed to sth, or to a person |J ffij ; The crowds chanted
‘Down with NATO!’ ” —more at
MAN n.
mprep. 1 from a high or higher point on sth to a lower one ( ) fPT, ftT: The stone rolled down the
hill.
XXMTliJi&o ❖ Tears ran down her face. ig7jc)l® Tfo 0 Her hair hung down her back to her waist. M
W A ft & ft # .ft M H M ^ 0 2 along;
towards the direction in
which you are facing fflr if; H® ft; He
lives just down the street. ifaWLftft
Ao o Go down the road till you reach the traffic lights.
-1;^&ho o There’s a
bridge a mile down the river from here.
0 3 all
through a period of time M IF • • • WlPl; &
■ ■ ■
Tt Sg: an exhibition of costumes down the ages
(= from all periods of history)
■
verb [VN] (informal)
1 to finish a drink or eat sth quickly
( — T T ) “HT, AF, B0 T: We downed our coffees and left. & f j - P A % Qbn nf He Mft T 0 2 to
force sb/sth down to the ground fli #1T; T : to
down a plane rtITTTI
.down 'tools (Br£) (of workers
XA) to stop work; to go on strike IWTXfl; SI
■
adj. [not before noun] 1 (informal) sad or depressed |£
A; MM; If eel a bit down today. MTAX
ft $ TT; o 2 (of a
computer or computer system if
not working ^#L;
ffjiiisfr: The system was down all morning. & T X ft A A is fi0
—see also downtime(I) H»T71 see hit v., kick v., luck n., mouth n.
u noun — see
also downs 1 [U]
the very fine soft feathers of a bird ( #J ) iftM , : duck down 2 [U]
fine soft hair X ; Tf T — see also downy
3 [C] (in American football AMfiJ#) one of a
series of four chances to carry the ball forward ten yards that a team is
allowed. These series continue until the team loses the ball
or fails to go forward ten yards in four
downs, mxft&, kmitt# (io m# mxft&mmiftmxftftim^mm
M 10 PTtb^^ ) IT5TO1 have a 'down on sb/sth
(BrE, informal) to have a bad opinion of a person or thing T£F; HT®; — more at up
n.
.down and ‘out adj. (of a person A) 1 without money, a home or a job, and living on
the streets ftffl iff #J; - - A PJt ft: a novel
about being down and out in
■
81$ Is* ffc Wt W M it ft M ft ^ M ^ ft 2 certain to be
defeated MfeftWftJ
'down-and-out noun a person without money, a home or a job, who lives on the streets TftMM
©iftA
.down at 'heel adj. looking less attractive and fashionable than before, usually because of
a lack of money if ffijfft; ^g£f$: The
town has become very down at heel.
o a down-at-heel
hotel
iftMt
down-beat /'daonbiitI
adj. (informal) 1 dull or depressing; not having much hope
for the future MfW ;• f AiT^; B M ^ -. The overall mood of the meeting was downbeat. PETS
upbeat 2 not
showing strong feelings or enthusiasm T
mm-, rmm; ftmmi
down-cast /‘daunkarst;
NAmE -kaest/ adj. 1 (of eyes igBi) looking down Fj T (l() ; ft (i(): Eyes
downcast, she continued eating. c 2 (of a person
or an expression
A^M'tf) sad or depressed ; M
MW; i A M ^
wmmml
down-change /’dauntJeinds/
verb [V] to change to a lower
gear in a vehicle ( ft-ft-H )
S23 change down EGQupchange down-draught
(also down-draft NAmE) /'daundrcuft;
NAmE -draeft/ noun (BrE) a downward movement of air, for example down a chimney TMAM; ( )
f'JilM,
down er /'dauna(r)/
noun (informal) 1 [usually pi.] a drug, especially a barbiturate, that relaxes you or makes
you want to sleep ^ , #P U ^
( X la E tb ^ ^ J
■
compare upper n.(2) 2 an experience that
makes you feel sad or depressed ft ABM ( s5cMM.’)
Not getting the promotipn was a real downer, ft j# IiJ if A JE-iB Aifif „ 0 He’s really on a downer (=
very depressed).
down-fall /'daunforl/
noun [sing.] the loss of a person’s
money, power, social position, etc.; the thing that
causes this M#; If 6 ) W
JH0: The sex scandal finally led to his downfall,
PJ H ^ M o Greed
was her downfall. A j# A
down-grade /.daun'greid/ verb [VN] 1 ~ sb/sth (from sth) (to sth) to move sb/sth down to a lower rank or
level [ft in ; III ft 9k \ She’s been downgraded from principal to
vice-principal. Ifc EL If fit A ft IH ft S'i F/ ft o 2 to make sth/sb
seem less important or valuable than it/they really are P!£ {ft ; ft M —compare
upgrade ► down-grad-ing noun [U, C]: a
downgrading of diplomatic relations
down
heart ed /.daun'haitid; NAmE -'hairtid/ adj. [not
before noun] feeling depressed or sad ilAM
A ; .MM: We’re
disappointed by these results but we’re not downhearted. M fi fiJ/fe M, U&ftft&ft
Hlfto