the earth and the sun so that you cannot see all or part of the sun for a time; an occasion when the earth passes between the moon and the sun so that you cannot see all or part of the moon for a time 曰食；月 食：an ecZfpse 〇/ the sun/moon 日食；月食.◊ a total/ partial eclipse 偏食 2 [sing.，U] a loss of'import-

ance, power, etc. especially because sb/sth else has become more important, powerful, etc.(重要性、：权势 等的）丧失，黯然失4 ,暗淡：rhe dection resuZt marked the eclipse 〇/ the right win^.选举结果标志着右 翼的失势。◊ Her 'M/ork was in edipse /or most 〇/ the 20th century.她的作品在20世纪大部分时间里都湮没 无闻。

■ verfc [VN] "I [often passive] (of the moon, the earth, etc.月 球、地球等j to cause an eclipse遮住…的光2 to make sb/sth seem dull or unimportant by comparison 使失 色；使相形见绌；使丧失重要性BQC1 OUTSHINE，OVER­SHADOW: Though a talented player, he was completely ecZ中sed by his brother.他虽是一个夫才的运动员，.但与 他的兄弟相比就黯然失^•了。

eco- /'iikau; NAmE 'i:kou/ combining form (in nouns, adjectives and adverbs _成名词、..形容词和副词j connected with the environment 环境的；生态的： eco-_/WendZy 环保的◊ eco-warriors (= people who protest about damage to the environment)生态保护斗 ± 〇 eco-terrorism (= the use of force or violent action in order to protest about damage to the environment) 过激f保行为（用暴力行动来抗议对环境的破坏). eco-cide /'iikausaid; NAmE *i:kou-/ noun [u] the destruc­tion of the natural environment, especially when this is deliberate (尤指蓄意的)生态破坏，环境破环 eco-1 friend.ly 〇〇[/•• not harmful to the environment 对 环境无害的；环保知：eco-_/Wenctty products环保型产品 E* coli /,i: 'kaulai; NAmE'kou-/ noun [u] a type of bacteria that lives inside humans and some animals，some forms of which can cause food poisoning 大肠杆菌 eco-logic-al /.iika'lixisikl; NAmE -'la:d3-/ adj. 1 con­nected with the relation of plants and living creatures to each other and to their environment 生态的；■■生态学 的：We risfc upsetting the ecoZogicd bakmce 〇/ the area. 我们有可能破环这个地区的生态平衡。oanecoiogicaZ disaster (= one that alters the whole balance of ecology in an area)生态灾难 2 interested in and concerned about the ecology of a place关注生态环境的；主张 生态保护的：the ecoZogicaZ movement i & & 护运 S ► eco-logic-al-ly /-kli/ adv. ： The system is both practical and ecotogicaHy sound.这个系统不但切合实际，从生态 学观点f看也是合理的。

ecolo-gist /i'kDl0d3ist; NAmE i'kail-/ noun 1 a scientist who studies ecology 生态学家 2 a person who is、inter­ested in ecology and believes the environment should be protected生态保护论者

ecol-ogy /i'kDlad3i; NAmE i'kail-/ noun [U] the relation of plants and living creatures to each other and to their environment; the study of this 生态；生态学：plant/ animal/human ecology 0 the

ecoZogy movement 生态保护运动◊ OiZ poHurion couW damage the介a^iZe ecotogy 〇/ the cord ree/s•.石油污染 可能破环珊瑚礁脆弱的生态环境。

WH丨CH WORD?词语辨析

economic • economical

■                  Economic means Connected with the economy of a country or an area, or with the money that a society or an individual has’. * economic 意为与国家、地

区、社会或个人经济有关的： economic policy            o the economic

aspects o//Km>7g    生善孩子在经济方面的问题

—see also economy (1)

■                  Economical means ‘spending money or using something in a careful way that avoids waste’.

* economical意为经济的、节检的、节约的:/f /s usually economical to buy washing powder in large gwanf/t/es.大量购买洗衣粉通常要省钱些。

—see also economy (3)

| 635       economically

eCO-nom-ic /.ilka'nDmik; ,eka-; NAmE -'naim-/ adj.

1 [only before noun] connected with the trade, industry and development of wealth of a country, an area or a society经济的;经济上的；经济’学的：economic and poKricd issues社会、’经济和政治问题◊ economfc growtVcooperation/deveZopmenl/re/orm 经:济增长 / 合作 / 发展 / 改革◊ the government’s economic poHcy 政 经济政系◊ economic history 经济史'◊ the current economic dfmate 目前的经济形势 2 (of a process, a busi­ness or an activity 工序 、业务或活动 ） producing enough profit to continue有利可图可賺钱的；合算的HE1 profitable [333 uneconomic o note at SUCCESSFUL

SYNONYMS同义词辨析

economic

financial ♦ commercial ♦ monetary ♦ budgetary

These words all describe activities or situations that are connected with the use of money, especially by a business or country.以上各词尤用于企业或国家的经

济活动或状况。

economic connected with the trade, industry and development of wealth of a country, an area or a society指国家、地区或社会经济的、经济上的、经济 :学的：This book deals with the social, economic and po//f/o?/ /sswes        per/orf..这本书.论及’了那个时期的

社会、经济和政治问题。 financial connected with money and finance 的、财务的、金融的：S/7e/7tf</g〇f/>7f〇//>7fl/?c/<7/ c^/cw/t/es.她陷入 了财务困境。◊ r〇/^o /s 0 mayor 加anc/fl/cenfre.东京i主要袷金融中心。 commerciaf connected with the buying and selling of goods and services指贸易i的、商遍:的 tyionetary (formal or finance) connected with money, especially all the money in a country 指货币的、钱 的，尤指一国的金融：c/oserfurap<Mnmo/?<?fflry umbn更为紧密的欧洲货币联盟 budgetary (finance) connected with a budget (= the money available or a plan of how it will be spent)指 财政预算的

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS

■                  economic/financial/commercial/monetary/budgetary affairs/decisions/planning

■                  the economic/financial/commefdal/budgetary climate

■                  the economic/financial/commercial/monetary side of sth

■                  a(n) economic/financial/commercial centre

eco-nom-ic-at /.iika'nDimkl; ,eka-; NAmE -'na:m-/ adj. 1 providing good service or value in relation to the amount of time .or money spent 经济的；实惠的：cm economical car to run (= one that does not use too much petrol/gas)节油型汽车、◊ Jt wouW be more economical to buy the bigger size.买尺寸大点的更实惠。 PTin uneconomical 2 using no more of sth than is necessary节检的；节约的；简洁的：an economicai use of space      0 an economical prose style (= one

that uses no unnecessary words)简练的散文文体 PT3fa uneconomical B not spending more money than necessary 精打细算的；省钱的：He was economical in aH areas o/his h/e.他在生活的各个方面都精打细算。 PH?1 frugal economical with the truth a way of saying that sb has left out some important facts, when you do not want to say that they are lying 没把实 话全讲出$(婉指某人隐瞒了一些重要事实） eco-nom*ic-aMy /.iike'nDmikli; ,eka-; NAmE -'na:m-/ adv. 1 in a way connected with the trade, industry and development of wealth of a country, an area or a society 在经济上；在经济学上：The factory is no longer economicaZZy viaWe.这个工厂在经济上已备维持不下去