churches (某些基督教会中的 >
长老4 [C] a small tree with
white flowers with a sweet smell (elderflowers) and 'bunches of small
black berries (elderberries)接骨 木 IT»TO1 your
.elders and betters people who are older and wiser than you
and whom you should respect 前辈；长者
elder-berry /'eldaberi; NAmE 'eldarb-/ noun (pi -jes) a small black berry that grows in bunches on an elder
tree接骨木果
elder-flower /'eld0flaua(r);
NAmE 'eldarf-/ noun the flower of the
elder tree, used to make wines and other drinks接骨木运（用于制作果酒等饮料）
eld-er-ly /'eldali; NAmE -arli/ adj.
1
(of people 人）used as a polite word for ‘old’ 年纪较大
的，丄了％纪的（婉辞，与old同义）：an
eWerty coupZe 一对老年夫妇◊ eWeriy relatives年老的亲戚c> note at old 2 the elderly now/? [pi.] people who are old 老人； 上了年纪的人
.elder
statesman noun 1 an old and respected
politician or former politician whose advice is still valued because of■
his or her long experience 政界元老
2
any experienced and respected person whose
advice or work is valued资深前‘；德高望重的老前辈：cm defer
statesman 0/go?/高尔夫球的元老
eld-est /'eldist/
adj. 1 (of people, especially
of three or more members of the same family 指人，尤指同一家
庭里三个或三个以上成员)oldest年龄最大的：r〇m is my eMest son.汤姆是我如长子。2 the eldest used without a noun
immediately after it to show who is the oldest of three or more people (后面不紧跟名词，指三
个或三个以上的人中 > 年龄:i大的人：the e〖desto/their three
cfti/dren他们的三个子女中最大的那个o note at
OLD
eld-ritch /'eldritj/
adj. [usually before noun] {literary) strange and frightening 怪异％ 怕的；骇乂 袷：an eWritch screech骇人的怪叫声. elect /ilekt/ verb, adj.
■
1 ~ sb (to sth) | 〜sb (as) sth to choose sb to do a particular joi> by
voting for them 选奉；推选：[VN] an elected
assemWy/Zeader/representative 逢出的议会 / 领
导人 / 代表◊ the nevWy
eZected government 新选必政府◊ She became the first
black woman to be elected to the Semite.她成为第一个被选进参议院的黑人妇女。◊[VN-N] ffe was
dected fasj MP/or Ojgford East.他被选为牛津东区
.的议员。2 [V to inf] (/brwfl/) to choose
to do .sth i备， 决定（做某事）：Increasing numbers of
people elect to workhome nowadays.现在越来越多的人选择在家
上班。
■
adj. 1 used
after nouns to show that sb has been chosen for a job, but is not yet doing
that job (用于名
词后）当选而尚未就职的，任的：the president dect 候任总统 2 the .elect A7〇w/i [pi.] (re//；g/o/7 宗）people who have been
chosen to be saved from punishment after death上帝的选民
election
〇T» /I'lekj-n/ noun 1 [U, C] the process of
choosing a person or a group of people for a position, especially a political
position, by voting 选举，推选（免指从政）：election
campaigns/ resuZts 竞选运动；选举结果 oto
wfn/tose an election 在选举+获胜/矣败◊ to月ghtandecticm参加竞选◊ to vote m an e〖ectio/i 参加投票选举◊ Jn Amerfca,
presfdentfaZ etecrions are heW every /our years.美国每 四年举行一次总统选举。◊ The prime minister is
about to caH (= announcej cm election•首相即将宣布举行大选。
〇 (6r£) How many candidates
are standing for election? 有多少候选人参加竞选？ ◊
(AMw£) to run /or eiecticm 参加竞▲ 2 ~ (as sth丨 | 〜（to sth) [U] the fact of having
been chosen by election 当选：We weicome his dection
as president•我们欢迎他当选总统。◊ a year a_/ter her eZecricm to the committee她获选無入该委员会之后一年
—see also by-election, general election elec.tion.eer.ing /UekjVmarm; AMwf -'mr-/
Aiow/1 [JU] the activity of
making speeches and visiting people to try to persuade them to vote for a
particular politician or political party in an election 竞选活动；拉选票
elect-ive /ilektrv/
adj.,
noun
m adj. [usualfy before noun] (formal) 1 using or chosen by
election选举的；由选举产生的；选任的：an elective democracy民主选举的国家◊ cm decrive
ossemWy由选举
产生的大会◊ an elective
member选任的成员◊ ffe had never held, elective
office (=
a position which is filled by election).他从未获彳i过经选举¥生的职位。2 having the power to elect有选举权的：an e〖ective body有选举权的 机构 3 (of medical treatment 医疗）that you choose to have; that is not urgent 可选择 A ;非急需的 RPiTl
optional ： etective surgery 非急需施行的手术 4
(of a course orsubject 课程或科目）that a student can choose 可选择的;选修的Ena optional
■ noun
{especially
NAmE) a
course or subject at a college or schooi which a student can choose to do 选修课程；选
修科目
elector1
/i'lekt9(r)/
mow/7 a person who has the right
to vote in an election有选举权的人；选民
SYNONYMS同义词辨析
election
vote ♦ poll ♦ referendum ♦ straw poM ♦ ballot ♦
show of hands
These
are all words for an event in which people choose a representative or decide
sth by voting. 1M±
各词均表示选举或投票表决。
election an
occasion on which people officially choose a political representative or
government by voting指选举、推选，尤指政治选举：Who did you vote/or //? /fl5f e/ecf/on?上次选举中你把票投给
了谁？
Vote
an
occasion on which a group of people vote for sb/sth 指投票、邊举、；_决：They took a vote on
who s/jowW职他们以投票方#决定谁先卖。
poll {journalism) th€ process of voting
in an election (新闻）指选举投票、计票： f/iepo/fc.他们在投票选举中惨遭失败。
referendum an
occasion on which all the adults in a country can vote on a particular issue 指全民投票、
全民公决
straw poll an occasion on which a
number of people are asked in an informal way to give their opinion about sth 指菲疋式良意测必：/ took a quick straw poll among my
colleagues to see how many agreed.我在同事中很快做了一个民意测验看有多少
人赞同。
ballot the system of voting by
marking an election paper, especially in secret; an occasion on which a vote is
held尤指无记名投票选举、投票表决：
The leader will be chosen by secret ballot•领导者将 通过无记名投票选举产生。EEm Ballot is usually used about a vote within an organization
rather than an occasion on which the public vote.
，ballot通常用于机构内部的选举，而非公众的投票
选举。
show of hands an occasion on which a group of people
vote.on sth by raising their hands 指举手表决
PATTERNS
AND COLLOCATIONS
3
a national/local/federal/democratic/free/fair
election/vote/poll/referendum/ballot
4
a presidential/parliamentary/congressional/
council election/poll
5
to conduct a(n)
election/vote/poll/referendum/straw poll/ballot
6
to have a(n)
election/vote/poll/referendum/straw poll/ballot/show of hands
' ■ to hold a(n) election/vote/poll/referendum/straw poll/ballot
7
take a vote/straw poll/show of hands
a(n) election/referendum campaign/result/victory/
defeat