644
churches ( SSSf (ft ) 4
[C] a small tree
with
white flowers with a sweet smell (elderflowers) and bunches of small
black berries (elderberries) W. # A ffTTil your .elders and
betters people
who are older and wiser than you and whom you should respect
mm-,
elderberry /'eldaberi; NAmE 'eldarb-/ noun (pi. -ies) a small black
elder-flower /'eldaflaua(r); NAmE 'eldarf-/ noun the flower of the elder
tree, used to make wines and other drinks &# a& (> eld erly (Hr/‘eldali; NAmE -arli/ adj.
1
(of people A) used as a polite word for ‘old’
7£E$£A
(ft, ±77£E(ft ( # old fS]X ) : an elderly couple
—o elderly relatives c> note at
old 2 the elderly noun [pi.] people who are old
A;
±77ffi69A-
.elder 'statesman noun 1 an old and respected
politician or former politician whose advice is still valued because of his or
her long experience #
2
any experienced and respected person whose
advice
or work is valued 69 35 Inf 31: an
elder statesman
ofgolfMfc3zW-$}ji%;
eld est /'eldist/ adj. 1 (of people, especially
of three or more members of the same family jff A, Xtfa [W] — m M 7 7 ^ H 7 IA± 7)
oldest dft A 69 : Tom is my eldest son. M Jt IS 69 7 7 „ 2 the eldest used
without a noun immediately
after it to show who is the oldest of three or more people ( A
7^<371U±(ftA7 ) 7MIIA(ftA: the eldest of their
three children ftMH (ft A 7 7 A 7IIA (ft 7 7 c> note
at OLD
eld-ritch /'eldritf/ adj. [usually before noun] (literary) strange and frightening
$£ # py£ 69 ; A 69 : an eldritch screech elect (Hr /ilekt/ verb, adj.
u verb 1 ~
sb (to sth) | - sb (as) sth to choose sb to do a particular job by voting for
them j£j$s: [VN] an
elected
assemblyAeader/representative ffti>(7
/ ^
#-A
/ 0 the newly elected
government 0
She became the first black woman to be elected to the
Senate. o [vn-n]
He was elected (as) MP for
(ftis£7 0
2 [V to inf] (formal) to choose to do sth AaE ( #77 ) : Increasing numbers of
people elect to work from home nowadays. 3!&iiAMl£(ftAi ±7o
■
adj. 1 used after nouns to
show that sb has been chosen for a job, but is not yet doing that job ( 7 7£ is] fs ) ^ ffl jpj A j% IH 69,
fe \i (ft: the president elect 2 the elect noun [pi.] (religion
fx) people who have been
chosen to be saved from punishment after death ±it69&& election (Hr /Tlekjn/ noun 1 [U, C] the process of
choosing a person or a group of people for a position, especially a political
position, by voting A 7, ( A If 7#
) : election
campaigns/
results jgfc Is zft; 0 to win/lose an
election
tilt/A# o to fight an election 0
to vote in an election # jjp S H j&i 7 o In
o (BrE) How many
candidates are standing for election?
• M 7 ^ A # jJO ^ ? 0 (NAmE) to run for election
2
~ (as sth) | ~ (to sth) [U] the fact of having been chosen by election ^ : We welcome his election
as president. 7 jft iffl fife ^ 0 0 a year after her
election to the committee Ai— ¥
—
see also by-election, general election elec-tion-eer-ing /i.lekja'marirj; NAmE -'mr-/ noun [u] the activity
of making speeches and visiting people to try to persuade them to vote for a
particular politician or political party in an election
elect-ive /i'lektiv/
adj., noun
m adj. [usually before noun] (format) 1 using or chosen by
election j&'fffft*. an elective
democracy K; 7 $6 7 (ft 15 5^ O an elective assembly 7 ji&7 7769 A£- 0 an elective member
j&iZtf.JJ$,M 0 He had never held
elective office (= a position which is
filled by election). 2 having the
power to elect (ft: an elective body Wj#s7$i. (ft
#1$ 3 (of medical treatment @Eff) that you choose to
have; that is not urgent # # (ft ; 7 .H. ft 69 CTTCI
optional : elective surgery # 1&M ff
(ft 7 A 4 (of a course or subject g)
that a student can choose
#i£#69; SCI optional
■ noun (especially NAmE) a course or subject at
a college or school which a student can choose to do M.\ $s
mm
elect-or /i'lekta(r)/
noun a person who has the right to
vote in an election Wl&7$.69A; l&K
SYNONYMS ff JBLfSft#
election
vote ♦ poll ♦ referendum . straw poll ♦
ballot ♦ show of hands
These
are all words for an event in which people choose a representative or decide
sth by voting. IM±
election an
occasion on which people officially choose a political representative or
government by voting Who did you
vote for in the last election?
7 it?
Vote
an
occasion on which a group of people vote for sb/sth 7!A: They took a vote on who
should go first.
poll (journalism) the process of voting in
an election ( UtRI ) if®: They suffered a defeat
at the polls.
referendum an
occasion on which all the adults in a country can vote on a particular issue
straw poll an occasion on which a number of people are asked in
an informal way to give their opinion about sth jf I took
a quick
straw poll among my colleagues to see how many agreed.
AMo
ballot the
system of voting by marking an election paper, especially in secret; an
occasion on which a vote is held
The
leader will be chosen by secret ballot.
E3Sm Ballot is usually
used about a vote within an
organization rather than an occasion on which the public vote.
* ballot
&#/87m^lW(ft&#> ®*&£69&m
ma
show of hands an occasion on which a group of people
vote on sth by raising their hands
PATTERNS
AND COLLOCATIONS
3
a national/local/federal/democratic/free/fair
election/vote/poll/referendum/ballot
4
a presidential/parliamentary/congressional/
council election/poll
5
to conduct a(n) election/vote/poll/referendum/straw
poll/ballot
6
to have a(n)
election/vote/poll/referendum/straw poll/ballot/show of hands
m to hold a(n) election/vote/poll/referendum/straw poll/ballot
7
take a vote/straw poll/show of hands
a(n) election/referendum campaign/result/victory/
defeat