part/ingredient/component of sth
一部分/成分/组成部分◊ Money is not
essenrid to happiness.金钱对于幸福if非必不可少。◊ Experience is essential /or this job.对于焱个{H#,经验是非#重要的。
〇 essential services such as gas, water and electricity 诸如燃气、水、电等必不可少的设施orhe museum is dosed
whiZe essential repairs are being carded out.博物 馆正在进行大修，在此期间暂停开放。◊pisessenrtaZto fceep
the two groups separate.将这两组隔开是完全必要
的。◊ /t is essenriai that you have some
experience•你 必须得有些经验。◊ £ven in smaH companies，computers
are an essentia! tooi.即使在小公司里，计算机也蠢必不
可少的工具。_ compare inessential,
non-essential MJJ dispensable 2 [only before noun] connected with the most
important aspect or basic nature of sb/sth ^ 质的；基本的；根本的 EEd
fundamental: The essential
difference between Sara and me is in our attitude to money.我与萨拉的根本区别在于我们对金钱的态度。◊ The essential
character of the town has been destroyed by the new road.这个城镇的主要特色被这条新公路毁了。 '
mnoun [usually pi.] 1 something
that is needed in a particular situation or in order to do a particular thing 必不可少的东西；必需品：/onfy had rime topacfc the
bare essentials (= the most necessary things)•我只来得 及装上最基本的兔品。◊ TVie studio had aH the essentia心 Zifce hearing and
running water.工作室里备有基本设
施，如暖气装置和自来水。2 an
important basic fact or piece of knowledge about a subject 要点；要素；实质：
the
essentials o/Engfch grammar 英语语法基础
es-sential-ly
/I'senjali/
adv.
when you think about the
true, important or basic nature of sb/sth本质上；根本上；基未上PCT7I basically, fundamentally ： There are three essentially dfJ9fere/U ways
o/tacfc?ing the proWe/n•解决这个问题古
SYNONYMS同义词辨析 essential
vital ♦ crucial *
critical ♦ decisive ♦ indispensable
These words
all describe sb/sth that is extremely important and completely necessary
because a particular situation or activity depends on them,以Jt各 词均表示极其重要、完全必要、必不可少。
essential extremely important and completely
necessary, because without it sth cannot exist, be made or be successful指极其重要的、完全必要的、必不司■少
的：Experience fs essential for this job. 于灰个工怍，
经验是非常重要的。
vital essential指极其重要的、完全必要的、必不可少
的：The police play a vital role in our society.警察在我
们的社会中起着极其重要的作用。
ESSENT丨AL OR VITAL?用 essential
还是 vital
?
There is no
real difference in meaning between these words and they can be used with the
same range of nouns and structures. However, there can be a slight difference
in tone. Essential
is used to
state a fact or opinion with authority. Vital is often used when there is some
anxiety felt about sth, or a need to persuade sb that a fact or opinion is
true, right or important. Vital is less often used in negative statements,
lil上两词在意义:， 上无实质区别，均可与相同的名词连用，并使用相同的
结构，只是在语气上稍有区别。essential用以说明事实 或表明权威意见，vital常用于对某事感到忧虑或需要使
人信服某一事实或意见确实、正确或重要等情况。vital 较少用于否定句：/f
Wfl.s v/ffl/ f〇 ShOM/
/?e WW./70f fl/ra/X他表现得毫无畏惧是十分重要的。◊ ■Mme—not vita^io
happiness.
crucial extremely
important because a particular situation or activity depends on.it 指垄矣重要的、■关键
的：/f /s
crtvc/fl/ we geH/j/s _们把这个问题
弄明白是极其重要的。
critical extremely
important because a particular situation or activity depends on it 指至矣重姜的、'关键
三种根本不同的方法。◊ TTie pattern is essentidHy the same in aH
cases.这种模式在所有情况下基本相同。◊ Essentially, what we are suggesting is that
the firm needs to change.说到底，我们的建议是公司必须思变。o/fe was, essentiaHy，a
teacher, not a manager•他本质上来
说；4个教师而不是经理。◊ The artide was
essentiaZZy concerned
with her relationship with her parents (=； it dealt with other things, but this was
the most important).本文主要是关于她与父母的关系。
es.sential
'oil noun an
oil
taken from a plant, used because of its strong smell for making perfume and in AROMATHERAPY 精油
Essex
girl /'esiks
g3：l/ noun {BrE, humorous, disapproving)
a
name used especially in jokes to refer to a type of young woman who is not
intelligent, dresses badly, talks in a loud and ugly way, and is very willing
to have sex埃塞克斯女郎（尤用于笑话，指愚笨、邋遢、讲
话没修养、随时与人发生关系的女子>
EST
/,i:
es 'ti:/ abbr. Eastern Standard Time -est .sw方/k (makes superlative
adjectives and adverbs 构
成形容词希副哥的最高级）：widest最宽◊ biggest最大◊ happiest 最幸福◊ soonest 最早一compare -er(5) es-tab-li$h /^staeblij/ verb 1 [VN] to
start or create an organization, a system, etc. that is meant to last for a
long time 建；@立；设立
HT1 set up： rhe commfttee w〇5 estoWished in 29J2.这 个委员会创立于 1912
年。.◊ 77ie new treaty estabfches a #ee trade zone.新条约设立了自由贸易区。2 [VN] to
start having a relationship, especially a formal one, with another person,
group or country 建立.（尤指走式关
系）：77ie schooZ has
estabfc/ied a success_/W ship with the toed commimity.这所学校与当地社区建立
了 良好的关系。3
[VN] ~ sb/sth/yourse丨f {in sth) (as sth) to
hold a position for long enough or succeed in sth well enough to make people
accept and respect you
的：Your decision 丨s criticaf to our future.你的决定.对我
们的将来至关重要。
CRUCIAL OR CRITICAL?用 crucial
还是 critical
?
There
is no real difference in meaning between these words and they can be used with
the same range of nouns and structures. However, there is sometimes a slight
difference in context. Critical is often used in technical matters of business or
science; crucial is often used to talk
about matters that may cause anxiety or other emotions•以上两词在意义上无实质区别，均可与
相同的名词连用，并使用相同的结构，只是有时在语境
上稍有区别。critical常用于商业或科学的技术问题，
crucial常用于可能引起焦虑或其他情感方面的问题。
decisive of
the greatest importance in affecting the final result of a particular situation
指决定性的、关键
的：She
has played a decisive role in the peace 她在和谈中起了关键作用。
indispensable essential; too important to be without
指必须的、不可或缺的：Cars have become
an
〇/ owr //ves. K车已成了 我们生:活中 必不可少的一部分。
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS
■
essential/vital/crucial/critical/decisive/indispensable
for sth
■
essential/vital/crucial/critical/indispensable
to sth
■
essential/vital/crucial/critical that...
■
essential/vital/crucial/critical to do sth
■
to be/become/seem essential/vital/crucial/critical/
decisive/indispensable
晒 a(n)
essential/vital/crucial/critical/decisive/ indispensabJe part/factor
■
of vital/crucial/critical/decisive
importance
absolutely/really
essential/vital/crucial/critical/’'
decisive/indispensable