exclamation mark (<especially BrE) (NAmE usually excla'mation point) noun the mark (!) that is
written after an exclamation
exclama tory /ik'sklaematri;
ek-; NAmE -toiri/ adj.
(formal) (of language a) expressing surprise or strong
feelings ftlJRIKi
exclude
0-w
/ik'skluid/
verb [VN]
1
~ sth (from sth) to deliberately not include sth in
what you are doing or
considering Ala IS; Ait
Alt ZM:
The cost of borrowing has been excluded from the inflation figures. o Try
excluding fat from your diet, A It jfe cTSe JKf
M t npn o 0 Buses run every hour,
Sundays excluded.
aaa include
2
~ sb/sth (from sth) to prevent sb/sth from
entering a
place or taking part in sth
it • • • A; IS it • • • # jjp; IB ■ • • 1#
It & A : Women are still excluded from some
Concern is growing over the number of children
excluded from school (=
not allowed to attend because of bad behaviour). )MAM«WJLSA£S(A&, ACI«3fc«* A&0
0 She felt excluded by the other girls (= they did not let her join in what they were
doing). § EL'S:
M M {& ~k It W W Ac 3 to decide that sth is not
possible 1# gfc ( ) ; &A -A^ti: We
should not exclude the
possibility of negotiation, lie (HA
o The police have
excluded theft as a motive for the murder. W#
EGH INCLUDE
ex-eluding 0-*r /ik'skluidir)/ prep.
not including A IS; ^ •• -XV: Lunch costs £10 per person, excluding
drinks. A## A lO^H, exclu sion /ik'sklu^n/ noun
1 [u] ~ (of sb/sth) (from sth) the act of preventing
sb/sth from entering a place or taking part in sth j# jf ; He was disap
pointed with his exclusion
from the
creates a vacuum in the
bottle. )f&AM Q.M'Slo 0 Memories of the past filled her mind to
the exclusion of all else. nWU&f ft, &f&
A
'If ^ ^ i. T o 2 [C] a person or thing that is not included in sth A^
W A ( s$L W- ) : Check the list of
exclusions in the insurance policy, j&g So
3 [U]
~
(of
sth) the
act of deciding that sth is not possible j# iAAAoJt^: the exclusion of
robbery as a motive j# 4 [U, C] {BrE) a situation in which a
child is banned from attending school because of bad behaviour Jf : the exclusion of disruptive students from school O
Two
exclusions from
one school in the same
week is unusual. — j?/f Al&A“j§| f jS4>AWo EES inclusion
ex clu sion ary /ik'sklu^anri/ adj. (formal) designed to prevent a
particular person or group of people from taking part in sth or doing sth ( '14
) W;
m
ex'elusion order noun (BrE) an official order not to go to a
particular place ( The judge
placed an exclusion order on
him, banning him from city centre shops. gfcK ^ iHtfe jft A A A A W
/SUf.
ex'elusion zone noun an area where people are not allowed to
enter because it is dangerous or is used for secret activities
ex clu sive
/ik'skluisiv/
adj., noun a adj. 1 only to be used by
one particular person or group; only given to one particular person or group (
AA-Mf* ) AAW- W, I4AW: The
hotel has exclusive access
to the beach.
W fit) A il iS o O exclusive rights to
televise the World Cup 14 It fell IfiXfX o His mother has
told
‘The Times’ about his death in an exclusive interview (= not given to any
other newspaper).
<^fi§±IID 2 (of a group,
society, etc. @H£, |± 0 #:)
not very willing to allow new people to become members, especially if they are
from a lower social class AEAt^fTJ&M
( X
)
W: He belongs to an exclusive club, jtii
#jjP
hotel M&Mtk 0 exclusive
designer clothes 4 not able to exist or
be a true statement at the same time as sth else ]# A W; INtfe W: The two options are
not mutually exclusive (= you can have them
both). Z 5 ~ of sb/sth not including sb/sth A
& IS; A %; • Ah: The price is for accom
modation only, exclusive of
meals. ilfc ffr R IS fi lli, ffc inclusive ► ex clu sive ly adv.: a charity that relies
almost exclusively on voluntary contributions AA:£IIAEAIIWM#ljl$J exclusiveness noun [U]
a n&un an item of news or a story
about famous people that is published in only one newspaper or magazine
r«; mmitxc; mmmm
ex-clu-siv-ity /.eksklui'sivati/
(also ex-du-sive-ness
/ik'sklursivnas/)
noun [U] the quality of
being exclusive jft 'ffe'l’t; ^
feeling of exclusivity.
AA$Wtf
iHo o a
designer whose clothes have not lost their exclusiveness Aif
excom mu ni cate /.ekska'mjuimkeit/ verb [VN] ~ sb (for sth) to punish sb by
officially stating that they can no longer be a member of a Christian Church,
especially the Roman Catholic Church H ( jfVfeklB- )
( A ta A i ffc ) ►
ex-com-mu-ni-ca-tion /.ekska.mju:- m'keijn/ noun [U, C]
ex-cori-ate /,eks'ko:rieit/ verb [VN] 1 (medical IS) to irritate a
person’s skin so that it starts to come off W, , i'J A ( A Rv ) 2 (format) to criticize sb/sth
severely ft;
►
ex-cori-ation noun [U, C]
ex-cre-ment /'ekskrimant/ noun [u] (formal) solid waste matter
that is passed from the body through the BOWELS ^ fjg ; if $) H7?1 FAECES : the pollution of
drinking water by untreated
human excrement
►
ex-cre-men-tal adj.
ex-cres-cence /ik'skresns/ noun
(format) an ugly lump that has
grown on a part of an animal’s body or on a plant M: (figurative) The new office block
is an excrescence (= it is very ugly).
&jifr M^:0
ex-creta /ik'skriita/ noun [U] (formal) solid and liquid waste
matter passed from the body ( Mifctf} ) human excreta
ex-crete /ik'skriit/ verb [V] (technical Ain) to pass solid or
liquid waste matter from the body ► ex-cre-tion /ik'skriijn/ noun [U, C]
ex-cre-tory /iks'kriitari; NAmE 'ekskratoiri/ adj.
(biology A) connected with getting rid of waste matter from the body 1M0A : the excretory organs $$ }t
ex-cru-ci-at-ing /ik'skruijieitirj/ adj. extremely painful or bad MAW; Thepaininmy
back was excruciating. W 0 She groaned
at the memory, suffering
all over again the excruciating embarrassment of those moments. Mlfe 0 J|Z,
A # R$, %
o
note at painful ►
ex-cru-ci-at-ing-ly adv.: excruciatingly
uncomfortable MA^IS 0 excruciatinglypainful/boring/embarrass-
ingWtnmn/^/mm
excul pate /‘ekskAlpeit/ verb [VN] (format) to prove or state
officially that sb is not guilty of sth iiEBjl ( ijScJt ) AP; A ( ^A ) JFJ3& ►ex-cul-pa-tion noun [U]
ex-cur-sion /ik'sk3:Jn; NAmE ik'sk3ir3n/ noun 1 a short journey made
for pleasure, especially one that has been organized for a group of people ( jtfmUkW M
tkfZfr. They’ve gone on
an excursion to
W ) : After a brief excursion into drama, he
concentrated on his main interest,
which was poetry.
m ifffcAATo
ex-cus-able /ik'skjuizabl/ adj. [not usually before
noun] that
can be excused bJ; Wgran forgivable: