; isffl ; fifi ip: the exertion of force/strength/

authority Itft&fj;        ff{£tV3

exe unt /'eksiAnt/ verb [V] (from Latin) used in a play as a written instruction that tells two or more actors to leave the stage ( M'JAAMBJ], WAXUAMM ) iM, “F&r — compare exit v. (3)

exfoliate /eks'faulieit; NAmE -'fou-/ verb [V, VN] to remove dead cells from the surface of skin in order to make it smoother        ► exfoliation noun [U]

ex gra tia /,eks 'greija/ adj. (from Latin) given or done as a gift or favour, not because there is a legal duty to do it : ex gratia payments

► ex gra-tia adv.: The sum was paid ex gratia.

ex hale /eks'heil/ verb to breathe out the air or smoke, etc. in your lungs          Rtih ( ) ; Bf

H: M He sat back and exhaled deeply. AIIIS ?£Jik wf Ho 0 [VN] She exhaled the smoke through her nose, jftfc E323 inhale ► ex-hal-ation

/.eksha'leijn/ noun [U, C] ex haust /ig'zoist/ noun, verb

m noun 1 [U] waste gases that come out of a vehicle, an engine or a machine (   ) $t

H- car exhaust fumes/emissions f\A j# ft (ft Jg A; H ..A       2 (also exhaust pipe) (also tail-pipe espe­

cially in NAmE) [C] a pipe through which exhaust gases come out      My car needs a new exhaust.

A^^^ A§r# AWo — picture o page Ri ■ verb [VN] 1 to make sb feel very tired M A 1® EW71 wear out : Even a short walk exhausted her.          0 There’s no need

to exhaust yourself clearing up—well do it. A IS IS

          i^f]^'#So 2 to use all of sth so that

there is none left H %; A A;    Within three days

they had exhausted their supply of food. jMl&HAZA 0 Don’t give up until you have exhausted all the possibilities. KJcJEA nj      A,0

3 to talk about or study a subject until there is nothing else to say about it        ( $LWfl ) : I think we’ve

exhausted that particular topic. f^iAA^ClE jGSPAISEi] V$TfcW$}J0

ex haust ed /ig’zoistid/ adj. 1 very tired $S IS A ^      ;

IS Ik 7 IS (tfj : I’m exhausted! fi H A 7 !  0 to feel

completely/utterly exhausted $ $ij       IS A & 0 The

exhausted climbers were rescued by helicopter. ISIS A|^ W&ill# 2 completely used or

finished      You cannot grow

crops on exhausted land.   £^0

ex-haust-ing /ig'zorstir)/ adj. making you feel very tired an exhausting day at work        o I find her exhausting—she

never stops talking.   MM A         

iftiA

ex haus tion /ig'zoistjan/ noun [U] 1 the state of being very tired fg IS A & ; M &M : suffering from physical/mental/nervous exhaustion Mfo/ %t# /

H M 0 Her face was grey with exhaustion, jjfe IS M j# |j& & o 2 {formal) the act of using sth until it is completely finished  the exhaustion

of natural resources

exhaustive /ig'zoistiv/ adj. including everything possible; very thorough or complete #J§L; ®}ik&J;

exhaustive research/tests 0

This list is not intended to be exhaustive. fjH# 7 A # A US o ► ex-haust-ive-ly adv. : Every product is exhaustively tested before being sold. ^ AAnp£fl1l M

ex'haust pipe noun = exhaust n.(2) ex hibit 0-»r /ig'zibit/ verb, noun • verb 1 ~ (sth) (at/ln ... ) to show sth in a public place for people to enjoy or to give them information fik'tfL;

M ft : [VN] They will be exhibiting their new designs at the trade fairs. IM1 ® m A ± ft ftMH fr t9l if 0 o [V] He exhibits regularly in local art galleries.

2[VN] (formal) to

show clearly that you have or feel a particular feeling,

quality or ability AiJfl , & 75, S ft ( & 'If , rp M SK fg A ) HT71 display : The patient exhibited signs of fatigue and memory loss. I^A^3IftlS^#]iSt£A:&A#J

■ noun 1 an object or a work of art put in a public place, for example a museum, so that people can see it ( — # ) M'tfL po, B&S'J pp 2 a thing that is used in court to prove that sb is guilty or not guilty ( A lift: ft -) tyjvE, i2E M ■ The first exhibit was a knife which the prosecution claimed was the murder weapon. ^Htt}

3 (NAmE)

= exhibition(I): The new exhibit will tour a dozen US cities nextyear. &MMpnp011¥#£mmfrfiiifll

ex hib ition /^ksi'bijn/ noun 1 (especially BrE) (NAmE usually ex-hibit) [C] a collection of things, for example works of art, that are shown to the public ( — ftt ) M ^ rp : Have you seen the Picasso exhibition?     o an exhibition of

old photographs ^ M jf M 2 [U] ~ of sth the act of showing sth, for example works of art, to the public H % ; H tB : She refused to allow the exhibition of her husband’s work.       AWt^c 3 [sing.]

an ~ of sth the act of showing a skill, a feeling, or a kind of behaviour (      fi

75,   We were treated to an exhibition of the foot­

baller’s speed and skill.

ffe, % M it fStflAtfiB&ISo 0 an appalling exhibition of bad manners A *L fa A Wl ^ 35 & A M 4 [C] (BrE) an amount of money that is given as a prize to a student ITiTOI make an exhi bition of yourself (disap­proving) to behave in a bad or stupid way in public ft # *0;

ex hibition ism /.eksi'bijamzam/ noun [U] 1 (disap­proving) behaviour that is intended to make people notice or admire you  AJJfiFE; ftJxlA 2 (psych­

ology 7') the mental condition that makes sb want to show their sexual organs in public M

mm

exhibition ist /.eksi'bijamst/ noun (usually disap­proving) a person who likes to make other people notice him or her       Children are natural

exhibitionists.   g

ex hib it or /ig'zibita(r)/ noun a person or a company that shows their work or products to the public # M

ex hil arate /ig'zilareit/ verb [VN] to make sb feel very happy and excited A; f^Aiir;         Speed had

always exhilarated him. Hit & J! life ^ M A ^ 0 ► ex- hil-ar-ated adj. : I felt exhilarated after a morning of skiing, ficilf 7^±7l$ilAi&7Elo O note at excited ex-hil-ar-ation /ig.zila'reij'n/ noun [U]: the exhilaration of performing on stage

exhilar ating /ig'zilareitirj/ adj. very exciting and enjoyable ^A^Ai^A^J: My first parachute jump was an exhilarating experience, fy o note at exciting

ex-hort /ig'zort; NAmE ig'zoirt/ verb ~ sb (to sth/to do sth)

(formal) to try hard to persuade sb to do sth %&#);

; pi pm URGE : [VN to inf] The party leader exhorted his members to start preparing for government.

o [VN] They had

been exhorted to action.    A^T^Jo [also V

speech, VN speech] ► ex-hort-ation /,egzo:'teiXn; NAmE -zoir't-/ noun [C, U]

ex hume /eks'hjuim; ig'zjuim; NAmE ig'zuim/ verb [VN] [usually passive] (formal) to remove a dead body from the ground especially in order to examine how the person died (  ) fiih ( F't ) Pm dig up ► ex-

hum-ation /.ekshjui'meijn/ noun [U] exi-gency /'eksid3ansi; ig'zid3-/ noun [C, usually pi., U] (pi. -ies) (formal) an urgent need or demand that you must deal with   Em demand

ex igu ous /eg'zigjuas/ adj. (formal) very small in size or amount; hardly enough it/Jn^;     AWJ

exile /‘eksail; 'egzail/ noun, verb

mnoun 1 [U, sing.] the state of being sent to live in another country that is not your own, especially for