forbade

794

place ( fttl ) ;        ( frifeft ) saa exped­ition : weekend shopping forays to France /ftA HI

Wb

forbade pt of forbid forbear verb, noun

■ verb /fai'bea(r); NAmE foir'ber/ (forbore /foi'boi(r); NAmE foir'b-/, for-borne /foi'boin; NAmE foir’boirn/) ~ (from sth/from doing sth) (formaf) to stop yourself from saying or doing sth that you could or would like to say or do JLMi BfiJ; &£ (        ) : [V] He wanted

to answer back, but he forbore from doing so. ft ft , ft Ji E ft T o o [V to inf] She forbore to ask any further questions.      i B,

m noun = FOREBEAR

forbearance /foi'bearans; NAmE foir'ber-/ noun [u] (formal) the quality of being patient and sympathetic towards other people, especially when they have done sth wrong

forbearing /foi'bearirj; NAmE foir'ber-/ adj. (formal) showing forbearance jig # cm patient : Thank you for being so forbearing.

forbid /fa'bid; NAmE far'b-/ verb (for-bade /fa’baed; fa'beid; NAmE far'b-/, for-bid-den /fa'bidn; NAmE far'b-/) 1 ~ sb (from doing sth) to order sb not to do sth; to order that sth must not be done ^ it; ft #£: [VN] He forbade them from mentioning the subject again. ftft/§ ft ft # M HJ & ft Ip] M o o Her father forbade the marriage.        o [VN to inf] You are

all forbidden to leave, //Mil ft A ft o 0 [VNN] My doctor has forbidden me sugar. Eft^lhflcR£$to rn-Jl allow, permit [also VN -ing, V -ing] 2 (formal) to make it difficult or impossible to do sth #§ 5# ; IS 5# ; IS it HT71 prohibit : [VN] Lack of space forbids further treat­ment of the topic here.

& ft l«]          0 [also VN to inf] 1STO1 God/Heaven for'bid

(that ... ) (informal) used to say that you hope that sth will not happen ft K S ^ ft A ft: ‘Maybe you’ll end up as a lawyer, like me.’ ‘God forbid!’         #,

o ” “ftMft^ii#! ” m13 Some people find this use offensive, ft A iA ft A /ftft ft it <[G,

for-bid-den /fa'bidn; NAmE far'b-/ adj. not allowed ^ih [ft;          : Photography is strictly forbidden in the

museum.     0 The conversation was in

danger of wandering into forbidden territory (= topics that they were not allowed to talk about),

ITiTJn for,bidden 'fruit a thing that is not allowed and that therefore seems very

attractive^# (mn^±, tkmmx)

forbidding /fa'bidirj; NAmE far'b-/ adj. seeming unfriendly and frightening and likely to cause harm or danger         ftAftHftJ: a forbidding appearance/

look/manner        0 The house

looked dark and forbidding.      ft A M M

► for bid ding ly adv. for-bore pt of forbear for-borne pp of forbear force Ott /fo:s; NAmE fairs/ noun, verb unoun

►                VIOLENT ACTION

1         [U] violent physical

action used to obtain or achieve sth Aft; H ft :

The release of the hostages could not be achieved without the use of force. A^JlAft      o The

rioters were taken away by force. H ftlW ft M H ft ^ A „ o The ultimatum contained the threat of military force. & f# || Js M ft ft A; ft If <> 0 We will achieve much more by persuasion than by brute force, ft; Cl lift

►                PHYSICAL STRENGTH ft 2 [U] the physical strength of sth

that is shown as it hits sth else tj; ft M: the force of the blow/explosion/collision ft ft / MW /      o The

shopping centre took the full force of the blast. f£j

►                STRONG EFFECT ®AAft 3 [U] the strong effect or influ­

ence of sth dSA^cft; ft Af£ B|nj; They realized the force of her argument.          Aft o 0 He

controlled himself by sheer force of will. IftftfijSiftft S ftS®0 O She spoke with force and deliberation.

►                SB/STH WITH POWER ft ft ft MM A / lift 4 [C] a person or thing that has a lot of power or influence /jSAWA

( ^c^ft ) ; j^ftMA ( ^c^ft ) : economic/market forces gk'ffr/f^fo the forces of good/evil # / 3KM ftM 0 Ron is the driving force (= the person who has the most influence) behind the project.

M ft ft # o o She’s a force to be reckoned with (= a person who has a lot of power and influence and should therefore be treated seriously), fttfc H — ft m H iA M ft M ft n|nl ft M A ft o 0 The expansion of higher education should be a powerful force for change.

►                AUTHORITY $. A 5 [U] the authority of sth ft; ft:

These guidelines do not have the force of law.        ft

UK fid ft Mr ft W ft o 0 The court ruled that these standards have force in British law.

►                GROUP OF PEOPLE — A 6 [C+sing./pl. v.] a group of

people who have been organized for a particular purpose ( ftftg     ) “HA: a member of

the sales force fd^Ain ft         <> A large proportion of

the labour force (= all the people who work in a particular company, area, etc.) is unskilled.

3? 5!jftlMf  — see also workforce

►                MILITARY A ft M 7 [C+sing./pl. v.] a group of people who have been trained to protect other people, usually by using weapons A IA; nP PA: a member of the security forces l^ftnPPAAM 0 rebel/govemment forces

peace-keeping force Eftl^PPA

—                 see also air force, police force, task force

8                  the forces [pi.] (BrE) the army, navy and air force ft

ft, A^ft* (   ) : allied forces ^ — see

also armed forces 9 forces [pi ] the weapons and soldiers that an army, etc. has, considered as things that may be used A^ft m : strategic nuclear forces $c

►                POLICE ft t 10 the force [sing.] (BrE) the police force # % nP H: He joined the force twenty years ago. ftkl-ftft mfUPATWPAo

►                PHYSICS ftii 11 [C, U] an effect that causes things to

move in a particular way ft : The moon exerts a force on the earth.          0 the force of gravity

Jr ft 0 magnetic/centrifugal force fi^ft; ^jft'ft

►                OF WIND jxl 12 [C, usually sing.] a unit for measuring the strength of the wind Mft; Mftft^l: a force 9 gale *

9                  o a gale force wind —

—                 see also tour de force bring sth into force to cause a law, rule, etc. to start being used (

HfJft )        They are hoping to bring

the new legislation into force before the end of the year.

ftHfrlAo come/enter into 'force (of a law, rule, etc.  Ml'J^) to start being used Jf

When do the new regulations come into force?      force of 'habit if

you do sth from or out of force of habit, you do it automatically and in a particular way because you have always done it that way in the past ft® ft it the forces of nature the power of the wind, rain, etc., especially when it causes damage or harm ( AtaiaJAiMilFW ) i #$ft; Ai^Wftfiin 'force 1 (of people A) in large numbers AM; fX%: Protesters turned out in force,

®££nliA# & o 2 (of a law, rule, etc. W, Mill#) being used         ^ftMft: The new regulations are

now in force. ®r ® ^ B ft 0 join/combine 'forces (with sb) to work together in order to achieve a shared aim ( |SJ--- )      ;(        The two firms joined

forces to win the contract.        fftj0

—                 more at spent

■ verb

►                MAKE SB DO STH $ M ft * 1 [often passive] ~ sb (into

sth/into doing sth) to make sb do sth that they do not want to do ®it, ) ETiTl compel:

[VN, VN to inf] The President was forced into resigning.