61/: a friendly argument  0 friendly rivalry £

£Fo (BrE) It was only a friendly match,

► friend-li-ness noun [U]

■ noun {pi. -ies) (also 'friendly match) (both BrE) a game of football (soccer) etc. that is not part of an important competition (     I#

.friendly 'fire noun [u] in a war, if people are killed or injured by friendly fire, they are hit by a bomb or weapon that is fired by their own side , Wtfjj ( $

'friendly society noun (in Britain) an organization that people pay regular amounts of money to, and which gives them money when they are ill/sick or old (

m)     >

friend-ship Ow /'frendfip/ noun

I                   [C] ~ (with sb) | ~ (between A and B) a relationship

between friends A ifi ; M A %. : a close/lasting/ lifelong friendship   ££ £ W £ it 0

friendships formed while she was at college #fe fE A ^ W it aL W A it 0 He seemed to have already struck up (= begun) a friendship with Jo. ffefUlAB^A

II                 A T o 2 [U] the feeling or relationship that friends have; the state of being friends M 'If ; ic it; A : Your friendship is very important to me.

#lllc0 0 a conference to promote international friend­ship

frier = fryer

Frie-sian /'fri^n/ (BrE) (NAmE Hol-stein) noun a type of black and white cow that produces a lot of milk M S

ila,

frieze /friiz/ noun 1 a border that goes around the top of a room or building with pictures or carvings on it 2 a long narrow picture, usually put up in a school, that children have made or that teaches them sth-fe&ttMBBBii (

WIcAtfJM )

frig-ate /'frigat/ noun a small fast ship in the navy that travels with other ships in order to protect them ( A

m) rm

'frigate bird noun a tropical bird that lives near the sea, with dark feathers and a long beak with a hook %

frigging /'frigir)/ adv., adj. [only before noun] {taboo, slang) a swear word that many people find offensive, used to emphasize a comment or an angry statement to avoid saying ‘fucking’ (   fucking        )

( (HJ ) , if) : It’s frigging cold outside. ^hUMt'ffe^ffJ&o 0 Mind your own frigging business! $1]

fright /frait/ noun 1 [U] a feeling of fear fluff;      to

cry out in fright Iff % A r          0 He was shaking with

fright, ftktifjf^^p —see also stage fright o note at fear 2 [C] an experience that makes you feel fear f£A1lilfFftJ*f J55;     You gave me a fright

jumping out at me like that.      jf frfS, JUS IS

JF7-- A ©L 0 I got the fright of my life, ft iff-% ^ ifr 0 rm look a ’fright {old-fashioned, BrE) to look ugly or ridiculous ffHA'IS;       take 'fright

(at sth) (formal) to be frightened by sth ( BSA )

Iff: The birds took fright and flew off.

frighten 0-w /'fraitn/ verb to make sb suddenly feel afraid Iff;   [VN]

Sorry, I didn’t mean to frighten you. ^A®, ft'&^tif t65tio 0 She’s not easily frightened, fife A Ji 35 fk Bf o 0 [V] She doesn’t frighten easily (= it is not easy to make her afraid). M^JEESElff iSJBAjalso VN to inf] TST77I see daylights, death, life I3IIIW .frighten sb/sth<-a'way/'off | .frighten sb/sth a way from sth 1 to make a person or an animal go away by making them feel afraid fE -lff^(^lffJ?l): He threatened the intruders with a gun and frightened them off. ffeffiffr i^J A#,         0f HTo 2 to make sb afraid or

nervous so that they no longer want to do sth IB-- tffi# AM. (   ) : The high prices have frightened off

many customers, ft          £P dfc 0 'frighten sb

into sth/into doing sth to make sb do sth by making them afraid fE -lfff##^^

frightened On /‘fraitnd/ adj.

~ (of sth/of doing sth) | ~ (to do sth) | ~ (that ... )

afraid; feeling fear iff W; ^ tsC W; WWW: a fright­

ened child J $ Iff (ft /Jn ^ o Don’t be frightened. £ij # W „ o What are you frightened of? ift W ff 'A ? o I’m frightened of walking home alone in the dark. ft'M^fE O He sounded frightened, ffe Djf 'ftT W-o 0 I’m too frightened to ask him now. Mftfttff j# A Ip] ffe T\ 0 She was frightened that the plane would crash. M IF A f/l A IS o 0 I’m frightened for him (= that he will be hurt, etc.). AffeJBIsi'S'l'feo o (informal) I’d never do that. I’d be frightened to death.

o !S£lTf?Eltto EMI see shadow n., wit o note at afraid

fright-en-ers /‘fraitnaz; NAmE -narz/ noun fT»T71 put the 'frighteners on sb (BrE, slang) to threaten sb in order to make them do what you want jsfcil, ®fit ( SAt^ * )

SYNONYMS

frighten

scare ♦ alarm ♦ intimidate ♦ startle

All these words mean to make sb afraid. Ui±#i

mmzp:.

frighten to make sb feel afraid, often suddenly jf

, (       ) {£ iff iff. ttlStSt: He brought out

a gun and frightened them off. ffe$KU --JE+&, jCmfl fffS&7o

scare to make sb feel afraid fu f^!  : They

managed to scare the bears away. M

iff^STo

FRIGHTEN OR SCARE? frighten 3EJi scare ?

Both are very common words, and are very similar, so you can use either one correctly. Scare is slightly more informal than frighten. M A W)'J3MJH iflJ, All# scared frighten Ao

alarm to make sb anxious or afraid fa®

'f6,     It alarms me that nobody takes this

problem seriously. it#PAiAEA#iiAf»]®, ft fcl?;

.

FRIGHTEN OR ALARM? frighten alarm ?

The subject of alarm is usually a thing, an event or a situation rather than a person. * alarm

lln^A: You’re alarming me. It is used to describe a feeling that sth unpleasant or dangerous is going to happen in the future, and the feeling is often more of worry than actual fear. * alarm

intimidate to frighten or threaten sb so that they feel nervous or so that they will do what you want Iff, lE®}: They were accused of intimidating people into voting for them.

Startle to make sb feel suddenly frightened or surprised, usually because of sth sudden or

unexpected jt^Uf, tfcHfH&L {&Af£ Ai: A

sudden noise startled her. %fll (fjRpJOf 7itfe -

©L

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS

III                 Stop it! You’re frightening/scaring me!

IV                 Oh sorry. I didn’t mean to frighten/scare/startle you.

V                  to frighten/scare sb/sth away/off

VI                 I was frightened/scared/alarmed/intimidated/ startled by what he said.

He frightened/scared/intimidated me into telling him what happened.