■
verfc [VN] 1 〜sth (in sth) to make a hole or cut in sth with a sharp
object in a rough or violent way 凿：The lior^s claws had
gouged a wound in the horsed side, p ill 在马身一侧抓了一道深口。◊ He had gouged her
cheek with a screwdriver.他用螺丝起子戳她的脸颊。2 {NAmE) to force sb to pay an unfairly high price
for sth; to raise prices unfairly ^ (某人）命竹杠；（向某人）诈骗钱
财，漫天要价：is widespread•漫天要价的 情况普遍存在。.gouge
sth^'out (of sth) to remove or form sth by digging into a surface 抠出某 物；挖出某物：rhe man’s eyes had been
gouged out. ■这 h人的双眼已被挖了虫来。◊ Glaciers gouged即t vaHeys 介om the /life.冰川把丘陵地带冲串一条条山谷。
■
noun 1 a sharp tool for making hollow areas in wood 凿子 2 a deep, narrow hole or cut in a surface 凿成的槽 (或.孔、洞）.
gou-jons /'gu:d3anz;
'gu：3-/ noun [pi.] {BrE, from French) small
pieces of fish or chicken fried in oil 油炸鱼丁或
鸡丁）
gou-lash /'guilaeX/ noun [C, U] a hot spicy Hungarian dish of meat
that is cooked slowly in liquid with PAPRIKA匈牙利红烩牛肉；匈牙利的辣椒炖肉；菜埤牛肉
gourd
/guad;
go:d; NAmE gurd; goird/ noun a type of large fruit,
not normally eaten, with hard skin and soft flesh. Gourds are often dried and
used as containers. 葫芦（晾平后常作容器广BEEl CALABASH gourmand /'guamand; NAmE 'gurmaind/
noun (often disapproving) a person who enjoys
eating and eats large amounts of food大肚子；大肚汉；喜欢吃喝的人
gourmet
/'guamei;
NAmE 'gurin-/ noun a person who knows a lot about
good food and wines and who enjoys choosing, eating and drinking them.美食家；讲究饮
食的人；美酒美食品尝家►
gour.met [only
before noun] ： gourmet food (= of high
quality and often expensive)美味佳#
gout /gaut/ noun [U] a disease
that causes painful swelling in the joints, especially of the toes, knees and
fingers痛风（病}
gOV-ern 〇T* /'gAvn; NAmE 'gAvam/ verb 1 to legally control a country or its
people and be responsible for introducing new laws, organizing public services,
etc.统治；控制；管理；治理：[VN]77ie country is governed by elected
representatives of the people.
国家由民选托表统治。◊ [V] He accused the opposition
party 〇/bdng im/iit to govern•他指责反对党不ii合治理 国事。2： [VN]
[often passive] to control or influence sb/sth or how sth happens, functions,
etc•控制；影响；支配：
Prices
are governed Sy marfcet demand. _价格的高低取决
于市场的需求。◊ AH decisions have
been enrireZy governed by sd/-interest.他的所有决定都受利己之心的
支配。0 We need changes in the
law governing school attendance.我们需要对影响就学率的法规做些改动。
3 [VN] (grammar if a word governs
another word or phrase, it affects how that word or phrase is formed or
used支配（词或短语的形式或用法）
gov-ern-ance
/'gAvanans;
NAmE -varn-/ noun [U] (technical 7ft
i§) the activity of governing a country or controlling a company or an
organization; the way in which a country is governed or a company or institu-
tion is controlleci统治；管理;治理；统治方式；管理
方法
gov-ern-ess /'gAvanas; NAmE -varn-/ noun
(especially in the past) a woman employed to teach the children of a rich
family in their home and to live .with them (尤指
旧时的\家庭女教师
gov-ern-ing /'gAvami]； NAmE -vam-/ adj.
[only before noun] having the right and the authority to control sth such
as a country or an institution 统治的；控制的；
管理的；■治理兩：The Conservatives were
then the governing
party.那时是保守党当政。◊ TVie school governing body (= the group of people who
control the
organization of the school) took responsibility
for the decision•学校行政机构对这个决定负责。
gOV-ern-ITieilt Oi* /'gAvanmant; NAmE -vam-/ noun 1 [C+sing./pl. v.] (often
the
Government) {abbr. govt) the group of people who
are responsible for controlling a country or a state 政府；内阁：to Zead/Jorm a government 命导政府； 组成忐 阁 ◊
the fast Conservative govern- ment上届保导党政治〇 the
government 〇/ the day当时 的政府◊ Foreign
governments have been consisted about this decision.这一决定曾征求过他国政府的意见。◊ She has resigned 介om the Government.她已辞去内阁职位。
■
The Government has/have
been considering further tax cuts.政府一直在考虑进一步减税的问题。◊government jpoZfcfes/q0icfaLs/mmisters政府政策；内阁官员/部长
◊
a government department/agemy/gmnt 政府部门 / 机构 / 拨款◊ government
expendfture/fnterventiori 政
备开支/.干预 2 [U] a particular system or method of controlling a country 政体；国秦体制：coaiftion/ communist/democratic/totalitarian,
etc. government 联合、共产主义、民主、极权主义等政体◊ Democratic government has now
replaced military rule.
已取代军事统治。◊ central//edem〖 government中央/ 联却政奋 3
[U]: the activity or the manner of Controlling a country (—国的）统治，治理，统治方式，管理方法：
strong
government 强有力的统治◊ 77ie Democrats
are now m government i'n the C7S.美国目前是民主党人执
政。一see also BIG GOVERNMENT
govern men tal /.gAvn'mentl; NAmE .gAvarn-/ adj. connected with
government; of a government 统治的；
政体的；政府的：governmental
agencies政府机构◊ governmental actions
.government and 'binding theory (also binding theory) noun [U] {linguistics a theory of grammar based
on the idea that a series of conditions relate the parts of a sentence together支配约束理论，管约理论，
管辖约束理论（即基于一系列条件连接起句子各部分的理
.念的语法理论.）
.government health warning/iown 1 (in Britain) a notice
that must by law appear on a product, especially a pack of cigarettes, that
warns people that it is dangerous to their health (在英国于香痴等产品上的）
政府健康忠告 2 (also
_hea丨th .warning)(阶£) a
warning that sth should be treated carefully because it may cause problems 需谨慎对待的警告：These figures shoufd come with a government
heaith miming.这些数字须+附
以谨慎对待的警告。
gOV-ern-Or tHr /'gAvan9(r); NAmE -varn-/ noun
■
(also Governor) a person who is the
official head of a country or region that is governed by another country 统治者；管辖者；总督：the /ormer governor 〇/ the coZony该殖民地的前总督◊ a provfnciaZ
governor省长
■
(also Governor) a person who is chosen
to be in charge of the government of a state in the US ( '美国 的' )州长：the governor 〇/Arizona亚利桑那州州长◊ the Arizona
governor 亚利桑那州州长◊ Governor r〇m iCean 汤姆•基恩州长 3
(es/?ec/a//y a member of a group of people who are responsible for controlling
an institution such as a school, a college or a hospital ( 学校、 学院、医院等机构的）董事，理事：a school governor学 校董事◊ the board 〇/governors
〇/the
coHege 学院董事会
4 (BrE) a person who is in charge
of an institution i 管；机构義责人;总裁：a prison governor监，长◊ the governor 〇/ the Bank 〇/ £ng〖and 英格兰银行总裁◊ (informal) I can't decide. HI have to ask the governor
(=the
man in charge, who employs sb).我作不了主，
我得问问老板。一see also guv’nor
.Governor 'General noun (pi Governors General or Governor Generals) the official
representative in a country of the country that has or had political control
over it, especially the representative of the British King or Queen in a
Commonwealth.country 总督（派驻政治
统辖国的官方代表，尤指英国国王或女王派驻英联邦国家
的代表）
govt (also govt, especially in
• go ’well exdflmflf/on (SA/r£) used to say goodbye
to sb 再 见；再会：J /rope you enjoy your ZioZiday. Go we〖"祝如
假期玩得愉快。再见！