3 the ability

to get or achieve sth     Success was within her

grasp,

grasp ing /'graispig; NAmE 'graes-/ adj. [disapproving) always trying to get money, possessions, power, etc. for yourself —dfcJMStW;  EKd greedy: a

grasping landlord W#(ft±tfe± grass 0t» /gra:s; NAmE graes/ noun, verb mnoun 1 [U] a common wild plant with narrow green leaves and stems that are eaten by cows, horses, sheep, etc.         a blade of grass

0                  The dry grass caught fire, T^lr A7o 2 [C] any type of grass A ^ # 41      : ornamental grasses M ^ jli ^

3 [sing., U] (usually the grass) an area of ground covered with grass ^ Hfe ;  ; &%$] : to

cut/mow the grass fij / XiJ ^ 0 Don’t walk on the grass.

0 Keep off the grass. (= on a sign) if 4 [U] [slang) marijuana  5 [C] (BrE, informal,

usually disapproving) a person, usually a criminal, who tells the police about sb’s criminal activities and plans IftWA^^&^A (     ) — compare supergrass

IT»T?1 the grass is (always) greener on the other side , (of the fence) [saying) said about people who never seem happy with what they have and always think that other people have a better situation than they have ft Ji 3  ; & Lb S ir SP ill not let the grass grow

under your feet to not delay in getting things done ( f# ^ ) .7 ft , ^i#I put sb out to 'grass [informal) to force sb to stop doing their job, especially because they are old     ) lift;

—                 more at snake n.

m verb [V] ~ (on sb) (also .grass sb 'up) (both BrE, informal) to tell the police about sb’s criminal activities ( [ft H A )    .grass sth<-'over to cover an

area with grass

.grass 'court noun a tennis court with a grass surface

'grass-cutter /'gra:skAta(r); NAmE 'graes-/ (also 'cutting grass) noun a name used in W Africa for a cane rat (= type of large rodent that is used for food) (

it) WM

grassed /graist; NAmE graest/ adj. covered with grass

grass hop per /‘gra:shnpa(r); NAmE ‘graeshaip-/ noun an insect with long back legs, that can jump very high and that makes a sound with its legs 41 &; 4^®;

—                 picture o page R29 ITiTOl see knee-high grass-land /'graislaend; NAmE 'graes-/ noun [U] (also

grass-lands) [pi.] a large area of open land covered with wild grass

.grass 'roots [BrE) noun [pi.] (often the grass roots)

ordinary people in society or in an organization, rather than the leaders or people who make decisions 31M & SW44; Wft: the grass roots of the party A(ft SMJ&M O We need support at grass-roots level. ^

fiiwm

.grass 'skirt noun a skirt made of long grass, worn by dancers in the Pacific islands (

'grass snake noun a small harmless snake ( A#

*#>,;

.grass 'widow noun a woman whose husband is away from home for long periods of time      ?SS(ft

AT

grassy /'gra:si; NAmE 'graesi/ adj. covered with grass A grate /greit/ noun, verb

m noun 1 a metal frame for holding the wood or coal in a fireplace jpgf. — picture □> fireplace 2 [NAmE) = DRAIN n [2)

■ verb 1 [VN] to rub food against a grater in order to cut it into small pieces , Jtf #( 1ft ) : grated apple/carrot/cheese, etc.            (W K T

2 [V] ~ (on/with sb) to irritate or annoy sb A® 81; (£AS1$; f£A*i^: Her voice really grates on me. 4tfe (ft r W H $J X o 0 It grated with him when people implied he wasn’t really British. A^Tfffe7JikflfeiI(ft ^SABt, fife IS Jk IS A o 3 when two hard surfaces

grate as they rub together, they make a sharp unpleasant sound; sb can also make one thing grate against another ( f£ )

■■ [V] The rusty hinges grated as the gate swung

back. ±nmT®&,

1                  [VN] He grated his knife across the plate. fife 77 7 3I

grateful 0-w /'greitfl/ adj.

2                  - (to sb) (for sth) | ~ (to do sth) | ~ (that ... )

feeling or showing thanks because sb has done sth kind for you or has done as you asked MM (ft; ^^l&ilflft:

—                 am extremely grateful to all the teachers for their help.

0 We would be grateful for any information you can give us. #nt£j^f&fll Jf3£fn#li& M 7 if- o O She seems to think I should be grateful to have a job at all. li&UXiAlhftfilfrXfEWL&MXMifa To o He was grateful that she didn’t tell his parents about the incident. flfefl!$5iJM7lftJiMA#Jlfc^14i]f ftfe(£ 0 Grateful thanks are due to the following people for their help ... iftT^'ToTM^Sfe W         0

Kate gave him a grateful smile. gll#7i$$tiife)ftftfe^7%o

—                 used to make a request, especially in a letter or in a formal situation ( AilTTff iSuEdb&'n JtitJi# 7 ) M $(771-, iff: I would be grateful if you could send the completed form back as soon as possible.

Ilf [U 0          ► grate-ful-ly /-fali/ adv. ■ He nodded

gratefully, life M $( fife W 7 W A 0 o All donations will be gratefully received. inWffiBh* ^ 4$      it o

IW see small adj.

grater /'greita(r)/ noun a kitchen utensil (= a tool) with a rough surface, used for grating food into very small pieces f§ J4UL , Jt $  ) : a

cheese/nutmeg grater    If      JL

— picture o kitchen

grat-ifi-ca-tion /,graetifi'keijn/ noun [u, C] [formal) the state of feeling pleasure when sth goes well for you or when your desires are satisfied; sth that gives you

pleasure iiA;        AUift♦ tJ 5X3

satisfaction : sexual gratification Wit M 0 A feed will usually provide instant gratification to a crying baby. ^

grat-ify /‘graetifai/ verb (grati-fies, grati-fy-ing, grati-fied, grati-fied) 1 [formal) to please or satisfy sb ilB: [VN to inf] It gratified him to think that it was all

his work.   lil'Jf^lto 0

[VN] I was gratified by their invitation. i&I!] jtfefTKft^if, Ao 2 [VN] [formal) to satisfy a wish, need, etc. ( HM,        ) : He only gave his consent in

order to gratify her wishes.

(ft0 ► grati-fied adj. [not usually before noun] ~ (at sth) | ~ (to find, hear, see, etc.): She was gratified to find that they had followed her advice. M1f fiJltMiin/rMT ft B

WitiX, Tiiitetto

grati-fy-ing /'graetifaiiq/ adj. [formal) pleasing and giving satisfaction Aiii A(ft; fi A/ill; 67 It is grati­fying to see such good results. jftMo o note at satisfying ► grati-fy-ing-ly adv. gra-tin /‘graetaen; NAmE 'graetn/ noun [U] (from French) a cooked dish which is covered with a crisp layer of cheese or breadcrumbs /g ) — see also au gratin grat ing /'greitirj/ noun, adj.

mnoun a flat frame with metal bars across it, used to cover a window, a hole in the ground, etc. ( W W, fife Mf, 4§T — see also grate n.[2) m adj. (of a sound or sb’s voice ^      ^ A (6 r t)

unpleasant to listen to

gra-tis /'graetis; 'greitis/ adv. done or given without having to be paid for (ft ; Af# (ft E*T?1 free of charge: I knew his help wouldn’t be given gratis. iifffe(ft^i!j7M-Jt AM6lJo ► gra-tis adj. ■. a gratis copy of a book ^2^1145

grati-tude /'graetitjuid; NAmE -tu:d/ noun [U] ~ (to sb) (for sth) the feeling of being grateful and wanting to