sounds old-fashioned.有人说 historic 时不发 h 音，前面 ，an而;^用a,现在听起来过时了。 hiS-tOV-ic-al /hi'stDrikl; NAmE -'sto:r-; -'stair-/ adj. [usually before noun]

"Tconnected with the past.(有关）历史的：the histor- bacfcground to the war这次故争的历史背景〇:¥ou must place these events in their historical context.

把这些事件同它们的历史环境联系起来看。2 connected with the study of history有关历虫研究的；历史学的： historical documents/records/research ^

案 / 研究◊ The buiWing is 〇/ historicaZimportance•这 栋建筑有重要的历史研究价值。3 (of a book, film/ movie, etc•书籍、电影等)’ about people and events in the past历史题材的：a historical novei历史小3兑 i:iau Some speakers do not pronounce the ‘h’ at the beginning of historical and use ‘an’ instead of ‘a’ before it. This now sounds old-fashioned.有人说 historical时不发h音，前面用an而不用a，现在听起来过 时了。► his.tor.ic.al.ly /-kli/ fldv.: The book is historic- ahy inaccurate.这本书■^史金不特。◊扭storicaHy, there has always been a great deal of rivalry between the two /amiHes.这两个家族世世代代对立斗争。 h is-tori-cism /hi'stDrisizem; NAmE-'stoir-; -'stair-/ noun [u] the theory that cultural and social events and situations can be explained by history历史决定论；历史主义 the his,toric 'present /701//1 [sing.] (gram/rn//•语法）the simple present tense used to describe events in the past in order to make the description more powerful Mi 现在时（为了表述更加生动，用一般现在时描述过去的 事情）

his-toriography /hi.stDri'Dgrafi; NAmE -,sto:ri'a:g-; -,sta:r-/ noun [U] the study of writing about history ^ i;撰史；历史编纂学^丨54〇1^0&印卩》1七3丨/111.81；1)1^- 'graefikl; NAmE -,sto:r-; -,sta:r-/ adj. his-tory 〇T» /'histri/ noun {pi. -ies)

1 [U] all the events that happened in the past 历史（指 过去发生的所有事情）：a tumfng point human history人类历史的一个转折点◊ one 〇/ the worst disasters in recent history近代史上最大的灾难之一 ◊ a peopZe with no sense 〇/history —个沒有历史‘的民族◊ Many people throughout history have dreamt of a world without war.历史上有很多人梦想过没有战争的世界。◊ The area was inhabited long before the dawn of recorded history (= before people wrote about events)/ 早在有历 史记载之前很久这个地区就有人居住了。◊ These events changed the course 〇/history.这些事件改变了历史的进 程。2 [sing., U] the past events concerned in the devel­opment of a particular place, subject, etc. .( 有吳案个地 方、主题等的）发展史，历史：t/iehistoryo/frdami/ democracy/poputor music爱尔兰/民主/流行音乐的历史 ◊ rhe tocaZ history 〇/ the area is /ascinating.这个地区 的历史很有意思。◊ schooi traces its history bacfc to JS65.这个学校的历史可以追溯到1865年。3 [U] the study of past events as a subject at school or university 历史课；历史学：a histoiy teacher历史老师◊ a degree in History 历史学学位◊ socfal/economfc/poZiticai history 社会 /经济 /政治史◊ ancfent/medieval/modem history 古代/+世纪/ 近代史◊ S/ie’s 'studying art history.她正在研读艺术 i。—see also natural history 4 [C] a written or spoken account of past events历史（指历史记载或历史传说）：She’s writing a new history 〇/Europe.她正在写■^部新的欧洲史。◊ She went on to catalogue a Zong history 〇/ disasters.接下来 她列举了一长串灾难。5 [sing.]〜（of sth) a record of sth happening frequently in the past life of a person, family or place; the set of facts that are known about sb’s past life (某人的）履历，经历；家族史；（某地的）沿 革：He has a history 〇/violent crime..他有暴力犯罪的前 科。◊ TTiere is a history 〇/heart disease in my /amify•我 家有家族心脏病史。〇a patient’s medical history病人 — see also case history, life history 11^ be 'history (/zi/omw/) to be dead or no longer important 完 蛋；已过去了；不再重要；成为历史：Another mistake Zifce that and you’re history.要是再犯那种错误你就完了。

0 We won^ talk about that—that’s history•我们不会谈

论那件事的         那都已经过去了。◊ r/iat’s past history

now•那是以芦的事了。the 'history books the record of great achievements in history 历史上重大成就的记 载：She has earned her pZace in t/ie history books•她名

969       hit

垂青史。history re_peats itself used to say that things often happen later in the same way as before 历走时常 重演 make 'history | go down in 'history to be or do

sth so important that it will be recorded in history 载入 史册;青史留名；创造历史：a discovery that made medi’caZ history载入医学史册的一项重大发_ — more at rest n.

his.tri.on.ic /.histri'Dmk; NAmE -'ainik/ adj. [usually before noun] (formal, disapproving) histrionic behaviour is very emotional and is intended to attract attention in a way that does not seem sincere 矫揉造作的；装腔作 势的►. his.tri.on.ic.al.ly /-kli/ fle/v. his.tri.on-ics /jown [pi.]： She w〇5 used to her mother’s histrionics•她习惯了 ，亲装腔作势的样¥。

hit /hit/ verb, noun

m verb (hit-ting, hit, hit)

►                 TOUCH SB/STH WITH FORCE 打 1 [VN]〜sb/sth (with sth) to bring your hand, or an object you are holding, against sb/sth quickly and with force (用手或器具）:i，打： My parents never used to /lit me.我的父母以前从来不打 我。◊ He hit the na卩 square^ on the head with the hammer•他用锤子正对着钉子敲下去。◊ She hit him on the head witA her umSreHa.她用雨本打他的头。2 [VN] to come against sth/sb with force, especially causing damage or injury 碰撞；撞击（造成损伤）：rhe bus hit the britige.公共戌车撞到了桥上。◊ J was hit by a/aHing stone.我被一块坠落的石头击中。3 [VN]〜sth (on/against sth) to knock a part of your body against sth 使（身体部位）碰上i(某_): He hit his head on the tow ceding.他的头碰了低矮的天花板。4 [VN] [often passive] (of a bullet, bomb, etc; or a person using them 子弹、炸弹或射击者、拋掷者）to reach and touch a person or thing suddenly .and with force 击中；命中： TTie town was hft bombs agai’n kist night, iik个會子昨 晚又一次遭到了轰知。◊ He was hit by a sniper.他裣狙 击手击中。

►                 BALL.'球：5 [VN] to bring a bat, etc. against a ball and push it away with force 击（故} : She hit the ball too hard and it went out of the court. ^3 M ®,把 球打出了 场外。◊ We’ve hit our baH over, the /ence/ ■我右] 铯涂击过围4去了！ 6 [VN] (spo/t 体）to score points by flitting a ball 得分：to hit a home rim 打出本 垒打

►                 HAVE BAD EFFECT 有坏影响 7 to have a bad effect on sb/sth产生不良影响；打击；危害：[VN] 77ie tax increases will certainly hit the poor.

的负担。◊ His death didn’t reaZZy hit me at/irst.他鲐死 “并没有对我产生影响。◊ areas have been worst hit by t/ie sttifce. k次罢工对农村地区的打击最沉 重。◊ Spain was one 〇/ the hardest hit countries.西班 牙是遭受打击最严重的国家之一。◊ [V] A tornado hit on ruesday night.星期二晚上发生了一次龙卷风。

►                 ATTACK 攻出 8 to attack sb/sth 攻击；进攻；袭击:[VN] We hit the enemy when they 〖east expected it. _们在舍人 最意想不到的时候发动了进攻。[also v]

►                 REACH 到达 9 [VN] to reach a place 到达（某地 > :

Follow this footpath and you'll eventually hit the road. 着这条小踗走，终会走上大路。◊ rhe President hits town tomorrow.总统明天到镇子上来。*10 [VN] to reach a particular level 达到（某永木）：remperatures hit 40 ° yesterday.   40      0 The euro hit a record

Zow m trading today.今天欧元的兑换价降到了历史最低 水平。

►                 PROBLEM/DIFFICULTY 问题；困难 11 [VN] to

experience sth difficult or unpleasant      经房不

愉快巧事情：Vl^e seem to have Wt aprobiem. 门似丰遇 至!) 了问 *。 〇 Everything was going well but then we hit trouWe.原本一切都进行得很顺利，但后来我们遇到了 麻烦。

►                 SUDDENLY REALIZE 突然意 iR到 12 [VN】（/’n/orma/) to come suddenly into your mind 挺'突然想起：I couldn^ remember where fd seen him before, and then it suddenly

hit me.起初我想不起以前在哪里见过他，后来猛然记起

来了。

PRESS BUTTON:按钮 13 [VN] (/>i/om7fl/) to press sth such as a button to operate a machine，etc.按，.’压（按’钮 等）：Mt the bnifces/ 踩刹车！