asked her again in the vain hope that he could persuade her to come (= it was impossible). #, XI b] 7

not have a 'hope (in 'hell) (of doing sth) (informal) to have no chance at all

She doesn’t have a hope of winning. M f&AAMftJ&o .some 'hope! (BrE, informal) used to say that there is no chance at all that sth will happen ^ A — more at dash v., pin v.

' hope chest noun (NAmE) items for the house collected by a woman, especially in the past, in preparation for her marriage (and often kept in a large chest) ( AIh MAA£l;&:T(ft ) W& —compare bottom drawer

'hoped-for adj. [only before noun] wanted and thought possible $]# (ft; Br#H 65 : The new policy did not bring the hoped-for economic recovery. Ilf ft A M Af ft

hope ful /'haupfl; NAmE'houp-/ adj., noun

                   adj. 1 [not usually before noun] ~ (that ... ) | ~ (about sth) (of a person A) believing that sth you want will happen

EEd optimistic : I feel hopeful that we’ll find a suitable house very soon. ff          0 He is not very hopeful about the

outcome of the interview.

0 {BrE) She is hopeful of returning to work soon. fft i& 0 A X ff o  EES pessimistic 2 [only before noun]

(of a person’s behaviour A(ftAr A) showing hope AM a hopeful smile %3 (of a thing ^ $j) making you believe that sth you want will happen; bringing hope          EDC3 promising:

The latest trade figures are a hopeful sign.

o 0 The future did not seem very hopeful, tu H: flkftTA^JL hope-ful ness noun [U]

noun a person who wants to succeed at sth #|lj$|tj(ft A; It T' it) ifj (ft A: 50 young hopefuls are trying for a place in the England team. * 50 i5l|T'itjil(ft^$5Ail$:

hopeful ly /'haupfali; NAmE 'houp-/ adv. 1 used to express what you hope will happen W # W. Jfe; ft IM fg M: Hopefully, we’ll arrive before dark. fttifiJiio iiNiJ Although this is the most common use of hopefully, it is a fairly new use and some people think it is not correct. j&Ji hopefully ft # JE ft $ m,   2 showing

hope Ilf II: ‘Are you free tonight?’ she asked hopefully.

hope-less /'hauplas; NAmE 'hoop-/ adj. 1 if sth is hope­less, there is no hope that it will get better or succeed ( i&JM ) flW; AMlft: a hopeless situ­ation Aftl&lfc(ft 0 It’s hopeless trying to convince her. $!i#H It ^ 0 o Most of the students are making good progress, but Michael is a hopeless case. A g®o nefeit that his life was a hopeless mess. #.'st ftltk ftMftII<fJt 7E J§„ 2 {BrE, informal) extremely bad Mil (ft; MiliSMlW terrible : The buses are absolutely hopeless these days!          i§70 3 ~ (at sth) {especially

BrE) (of people A) very bad (at sth); with no ability or

skiii Ammm-, aibm;       beediterrible:

a hopeless driver Aft (ft ft III 0 I’m hopeless at science. ft ft Ji — ft ft jf 0 4 feeling or showing no hope       f ij

( b&$M ) AM (ft: She felt lonely and hopeless. M^f1] M o hope-less-ly adv.: hopelessly outnumbered fAl±®jZ5i7Sii 0 They were hopelessly lost. ffldfcMUJgS A lift T v 0 to be hopelessly in love   ‘I’ll

never manage it, ’ he said hopelessly. , % Jc       $1H ft

a£*.          hope less ness noun [U]: a sense/

feeling of hopelessness

Hopi /’haupi; NAmE ‘houpi/ noun {pi. Hopi or Hopis) a member of a Native American people, many of whom live in the US state of Arizona ®XA ( HiWAiv

mmmimm) t

hop per /'hnpa(r); NAmE 'harp-/ noun a container shaped like a V, that holds grain, coal, or food for animals, and lets it out through the bottom * W         fiA

hop-ping /'hDpir); NAmE 'ha:p-/ adj., adv.

                   adj. {NAmE, informal) very lively or busy jfftSliA(ft; 'ft'It

££(ft: The clubs in town are really hopping. MM (ft At

                   adv. imWl .hopping 'mad {iinformal) very angry iB;

mmn

hop-scotch /'hDpskDtJ-; NAmE 'harpskaitf/ noun [U] a children’s game played on a pattern of squares marked on the ground. Each child throws a stone into a square then hops (= jumps on one leg) and jumps along the empty squares to pick up the stone again. A ( J LH

horde /hard; NAmE ha:rd/ noun (sometimes disapproving) a large crowd of people —AHA: There are always hordes of tourists here in the summer. X A £n fA (ft o 0 Football fans turned up in hordes. AT

AfAttMflo

hori-zon /ha'raizn/ noun 1 the horizon [sing.] the furthest that you can see, where the sky seems to meet the land or the sea ftfe ft- ^ : The sun sank below the horizon. APBT0 0 A ship appeared on the horizon. —      2 [C, usually pi.] the

limit of your desires, knowledge or interests ( M, ffliR ^ A $$ W ) f£-H, IS#: She wanted to travel to broaden her horizons. tUtWsMfr,         RHRIf•„ 0 The

company needs new horizons now.

(ft§5Mo       on the ho rizon likely to happen soon

There’s trouble looming on

the horizon. BTtgj&l^ihltTo

horizontal 0 /.hnri'znntl; NAmE .hoira'zaintl; ,ha:r-/ adj., noun

                   adj. flat and level; going across and parallel to the ground rather than going up and down zJC-Tfft; Afi&ffi Afr (ft; M(ft: horizontal lines — picture o line

                compare vertical adj. (1) hori-zon-tal-ly /-tali/ adv.: Cut the cake in half horizontally and spread jam on one half. JBftltliMlW,

                   noun 1 the hori-zon-tal [U] a horizontal position zKT fvS: He shifted his position from the horizontal.

Af      2 [C] a horizontal line or

surface 7jcA^; 7XAffi; mk\ mJM

Hor-licks™ /‘hailiks; NAmE 'ho:rl-/ noun 1 [U] powder that contains malt that you mix with hot milk to make a drink         )

2 [U, C] a drink made by mixing Horlicks powder with hot milk If      IT»T71 make a 'horlicks of sth

{old-fashioned, BrE, informal) to do sth badly ##— hormone /'hoimaun; NAmE 'hoirmoun/ noun a chem­ical substance produced in the body or in a plant that encourages growth or influences how the cells and tissues function; an artificial substance that has similar effects     growth hormones £

% 0 a hormone imbalance ^ A A o Oestrogen is a female sex hormone.       ► hor-

mo-nal /hoi'maunl; NAmE hoir'mounl/ adj. [usually before noun] : the hormonal changes occurring during preg­nancy ib]

.hormone re placement therapy noun [u] = HRT horn 0-w /horn; NAmEhoirn/ noun, verb m noun 1 [cj a hard pointed part that grows, usually in pairs, on the heads of some animals, such as sheep and cows. Homs are often curved. ( T. T #        #1 (ft )

                picture o goat, page R28 2 [U] the hard substance of which animal horns are made M; 3 [C] a simple musical instrument that consists of a curved metal tube that you blow into ( AH ) ft: a hunting horn 4 [C] {especially BrE) = French horn : a horn concerto g

5 [C] a device in a vehicle for making a loud sound as a warning or signal ( |fffi(ft )        to honk

your car horn ©fllTATX1] &A o (BrE) to sound/toot your horn 04 i1! nA — see also foghorn — picture o page Ri IT5T77I blow/toot your own ' horn {NAmE, informal) = BLOW YOUR OWN TRUMPET at BLOW V. draw/pull your 'horns in to start being more careful in your behaviour, especially by spending less money than before fjAMiC; ( AIb ) MAAA on the horns of a dilemma in a situation in which you have to make a choice between things that are equally unpleasant ii M*t;    — more at bull, lock v.

verb EGI3BI .horn ‘in (on sb/sth) {NAmE, informal) to