which this happens ii $ B
bring down inflation o a high/low
rate of inflation jij 0
an inflation rate of 3%
3% 0 Wage
increases must be in line with inflation. 0
Inflation is
currently running at 3%. ^iiuWii^SBfc^A 3% 0
2 the act or process of filling sth with air or gas A A: life jackets
with an automatic inflation device ^ § ij) ft A^jEWlfcAA S33 deflation
inflationary
/m'fleijanri;
NAmE -neri/ adj. [usually before noun] causing or connected with a
general rise in the prices of services and goods ; 31 31
W: the
inflationary effects of price rises $ ± 3 I ^ W
MlnBB: 0 Our economy is in an inflationary
spiral of wage and price increases (= a continuing situation in which an
increase in one causes an increase in the other).
inflect
/in'flekt/
verb [V] {grammar iff ff) if a word inflects, its ending or spelling changes
according to its grammatical
function in a sentence; if a language inflects, it has words that do this I! iff ft;
►
in-flect-ed adj. [usually before noun] : an inflected
language/form/verb AftWinW; /
in-flection (also in-flex-ion especially in BrE) /in’flekjn/ noun [C, U] 1 a change
in the form of a word, especially the ending, according to its grammatical function in a sentence ( AIb )
Mjff 2a change in how
high or low your voice is as you are speaking
ifliFi W W
m&c
inflexible /m'fleksabl/ adj. 1 (disapproving) that cannot be changed or made more
suitable for a particular situation &
W; fi! ft
attitude/routine/system ft W & If; if ft W ^ M
/ # rfftj 2 (disapproving) (of people or organizations A !$L #1 ffi) unwilling to
change their opinions, decisions, etc., or the way they do things f§A a JEW;
ft^W; iSfilW: He’s completely inflexible on the subject. M;&j£7l&]ji!i: 3 (of a material #$-)
difficult or impossible to bend A |6 ^ ft W; ill
►
in-flex-ibil-ity /in.fleksa'bilati/ noun [U] inflexibly /-abli / adv.
in flict /in'flikt/ verb [VN] ~ sth (on/upon sb/sth) to make sb/sth suffer sth
unpleasant if A IT A; ^ ^ A:
They inflicted a humiliating defeat on the home team, ffe o They surveyed the damage inflicted by the storm. T^MMillAW
MAo 0 Heavy
casualties were inflicted on the enemy. St Ail7#It 195to 0 (humorous) Do you have to inflict that music on us? ► in-flic-
tion /in'flikjn/ noun [U]: the
infliction of pain li;g:W#f& jJO Ultlilff in'flict yourself/sb on
sb (often
humorous) to force sb to spend time
with you/sb, when they do not want to 7ii g A; lift: Sorry to inflict myself
on you again like this! MXkt, ! 0 She inflicted
her nephew on them for the weekend. MjfiflJLtTiciSMlk
MJLAMA,
Jn-’flight
adj. [only before noun] provided or happening
during a journey on a plane ) W:
an in-flight meal/movie + 0
in-flight refuelling
in-flOW /'inflau; NAmE -flou/ noun 1 [C, U]
the movement of a lot of money, people or things into a place from somewhere
else ( A^c^tlW ) Si A, MA
influx 2 [sing., U] the movement of a liquid or of air into a
place from somewhere else ( M#, SAW ) M A, SA: an inflow pipe ii
AHil 050 outflow
in flu ence 0-w /'mfluans/ noun, verb « noun 1 [U, C] ~ (on/upon sb/sth) the effect that sb/sth has
on the way a person thinks or behaves or on the way that sth works or develops B B|p1 ; ft ft : to have/ exert a
strong influence on sb /l3£Aft A® A WS£0|r1
o the influence of the climate on agricultural production A
fS/IAikftftWJt^BlRl 0 What exactly is the influence of television on
children? SJftJIMft ^BP(fI? 2 [U]
~
(over sb/sth) the power that sb/sth has to make sb/ sth behave in a particular
way AKA; © $!l
A ; B nfa A: Her parents no
longer have any real influence over
o She
could probably exert her influence with the
manager and get you a job. &A, £n
ft#f:fr7fto 0 He committed the crime under
the influence of drugs. W0 3 [C] ~ (on sb/sth) a
person or thing that affects the way a person
behaves and thinks ftf£P|R]WA ( ) : cultural
influences
AffcftBlRj
O Those friends are a bad influence on her.
2$ 0 His first music teacher was a major influence in his life.
'fffeWH-'f&efM.i&~ - ##AW Ao HHTOf under the 'influence having had too much alcohol
to drink :
She was charged with driving under the influence.
m verb 1 to have an effect on the way that sb
behaves or thinks, especially by giving them an example to follow P|ft }t7 • ■
^fift ft: [VN] His writings have influenced the lives of millions. MWftq”f;»ft77WAAo
o to be strongly influenced by sth A 3\ A ¥ W H M B wW 0 Don’t
let me influence you either way. M Aft/A i^))1]
Aft WH^Plft O [V wh]
The
wording of questions can influence how people answer. fli]gWf&$£J&
fl^Aft WIhI^o [also VN to inf] 2 to have an effect on a particular
situation and the way that it develops A @2 ; /E A- ; [VN] A
number of social factors influence life expectancy, i|\£ ft ^SiJfjfAWSI^. [also V wh]
‘influence peddling noun [u] the illegal activity of a politician doing sth for sb in return for
payment (
#W ) 003 CORRUPTION
influential /.influ'enjl/ adj. ~ (in sth/in doing sth) having a lot of influence
on sb/sth ftfl!fti£P|n| W; ft A BE A W: a highly influential book A^Wfi^AWio She is one of the most
influential figures in local politics. MUW
A#?o 0 The committee was influential in formulating
government policy on employment.
influenza /.influ'enza/ noun [u] (format) =
flu in-flux
/'inflAks/
noun [usually sing.] ~ (of sb/sth) (into ... ) the fact of a lot of people, money or
things arriving somewhere (A, ^^^^tlW)^A,
#rl A: a massive/sudden influx of visitors #?^WAil / AM/SA
►
the influx of wealth into the region M a fi 7 ftfe K W
A*OI
info /'infau; NAmE 'infou/ noun 1 [U] (informal) information A M.; M S; ^ {R: Have
you had any more info about the job yet? -AW^1“5?
2 info- (in nouns ^J^^is])
connected with information fsEW; MEW; »mW: an infosheet-AMEWf o We send all potential clients an infopack. ?fc
fll In fjfr M M
info-bahn /'infaubain; NAmE ’infou-/ noun (informal) = INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
info-mer-cial /1infau'm3:J‘l; NAmE ,mfou'm3:rXl/ noun (especially NAmE) a long advertisement on television that tries to give
a lot of information about a subject, so that it does not appear to be an
advertisement ( e&M
±W)MikfsE7, SHRnrffB ill-form CHw /in'foim; NAmE in'foirm/ verb
►
~ sb (of/about sth) to tell sb about sth, especially in
an official way
of any changes of address. Jfe ilk ^ A A Zft if ® A ;I ft! IS flHo 0 [VN that] I have been reliably informed (= somebody I trust has
told me) that the couple will marry next year, mm o [VN speech]
‘He’s already left,’ she informed us. “ » ” M
BHJFfMHift. talso VN wh-l 2 [VN] ~ yourself (of/about sth) to find out information about
sth 7 ^: We need time to inform ourselves thoroughly of the problem. fSjiM^Al0im7W^M7«W7^c, 3 [vn] (formal) to have an influence on sth A ••• W %■ P|oj : Religion informs every
aspect of their lives. ktMTfe M W
rar-Fl in form on sb to give information to the police or sb in
authority about the illegal activities of sb He
informed on his own brother, jfe