in-for-VTial 0■» /m'foiml; NAmE m'forrml/ adj.

1                  relaxed and friendly; not following strict rules of how

to behave or do sth不拘礼节的；友好随便的；非正规 的：an          atmosphere友好轻松的气氛_〇 an

in/ormaZ arrangement/meeting/visit _正土&安排 / 会议 / 访问◊ Discussions are heW on an in/ormaZ basis within the department•讨论限于在本部门内非正式地进行。

2                  (of clothes 衣服）suitable for wearing at home or when relaxing rather than for a special or an official occasion 日常的；随便的 PSm casual Bna formal

3                  (of language 语言）suitable for normal conversation and writing to friends rather than for serious speech and letters 非正式的；口语体的：cmin/ormaZexpressfo/i 非正式用语 一 compare formal, slang ► in-for-mal-ity /.infoi'maelati; NAmE -foir'm-/ noun [U] in-for-mal-iy /in'foimali; NAmE -Toirm-/ adv. ： They told me informally (=not officially) that J had got the job.他们非正式地告 诉我说，我得到了那份工作。Otodressfri/ormaHy穿着 便服

informal 'settlement noun [SAfr£] a place where people decide to live and build temporary shelters, often followed by more permanent houses. Sometimes informal settlements are supplied with water, electri­city, etc. and people can become owners of individual pieces of land.非正式居所区；临时棚屋区

in-form-arit /m'fDimant; NAmE -'foirm-/ noun 1 a person who gives secret information about sb/sth to the police or a newspaper (向警方或报纸）提供消息的人，告密 者，线人 PraTl informer 2    术语）a person

who gives sb information about sth, for example to help them with their research (为研究等）提供备料的

.人；合作者：His in/ormtmts were midiHe-cZass pro/es- sionaZ women.他的合作者是中产阶级职业妇女d

in_fomi.at.ics /.mfa'maetiks; NAmE ,infar-/ noun [U]

=INFORMATION SCIENCE

information /.mfa'meij'n; NAmE .infar'm-/ (also informal info) noun [U]

1 ~ (on/about sb>sth) facts or details about sb/sth 信 息；消息；情报；资料；资讯：apieceo/fn/ormation 一贝丨1消息◊ a source 〇/ in/ormation 消_息_来源◊ to coHect/gather/obtafn/recefve fn/ormation 收集 / 搜集 / 获取 / 接收信▲ ◊ to provfde/give/jpass cm in/ormarion 提供 / 给予 / 传递信息◊ ■For/^rther in/ormation on the 出et, write to us at this address.欲知规定饮食的详情，请 按个地址给我们写信。◊ Our fn/ormation is that the poZice wiH s/iorrty mafce an arrest.莪们得到的情报是，警 察不久就要逮捕人了。◊ This          is produced /or t/ie

fn/ormarion 〇/(= to inform) our customers.这张传单是 为向我们的顾客提供信息而印制的。◊ an fn/ormation desk      〇 He refused, to comment before he had seen

aZZ the relevant fn/ormation.在看到基部相关资料之 前，他拒绝评论。2 (AZ/Amf，/ny〇m7fl/) = directory enquiries ► in-for-ma-tion-al /-Janl/ adj. [only before noun]: the fn/ormariond content 〇/ a boofc 书的信息内 容◊ the in/ormationaZ roZe o/t/ie media 新闻媒体的信息 功能 iT»TBB for information 'only written on documents that are sent to sb who needs to know the information in them but does not need to deal .with them (文件'） 仅供参考 for your infor’mation 1      FYI) = for

information only 2 (informal) used to tell sb that they are wrong about sth (指出对方弄错）需要提醒你的 是，需要说明的是：For your in/ormarion, J don’t even have a car. #奏知道，我连汽去都没有。一more at mine n.

• information science (also informatics /.infa- 'maetiks; NAmE .infar-/) noun [U] [computing if) the study of processes for storing and obtaining information 信,i、

科学

information super'highway (also super high way, info.bahn) noun {computing if) a large electronic network such as the Internet, used for sending informa­tion such as sound, pictures and video quickly in DIGITAL form信息高M公路

information technology noun [u] {abbr. IT) the study or use of electronic equipment, especially com­puters, for storing and analysing information 信息技

术，资讯科技（尤指对计算机等电子设备在存储、分析信 息诸方面的研究和应用）

1047   infuriating

infor mation theory noun [U] [mathematics WO a theory that is used to calculate the most efficient way to send information over distances in the form of signals or symbols 信息论

in-forma-tive /in'foimativ; NAmE -'foirm-/ adj. giving useful information提供有烏信息的；给予知识的：77ie taWc was both in/ormative cmd entertami>ig.这次谈话既 长见识又饶有趣i。      E33 UNINFORMATIVE

in-formed /m'foimd; NAmE m'forrmd/ adj. having or showing a lot of knowledge about a particular subject or situation 有学问的；有见识的：an in/ormed critic 有 见地的批评—◊ an fn/ormed chofce/<iecisfo；i/guess/ opinton畚裣麁的选择/决定/猜测/看法◊ They are not /itHy in/ormed about the changes.他们不完全了解这些 改变。◊ Keep me in/ormed 〇/ any deveZopmenfs•随时 通知我进展情况。rtTiI-3 UNINFORMED — see also ILL- INFORMED, WELL INFORMED

in-form-er /m'fo:m0(r); NAmE -'foirm-/ noun a person who gives information to the police or other authority (向警方或其他当局的）告密者；线人 info-tain-ment /.mfau'teinmant; NAmE .infou-/ noun [u] television programmes, etc. that present news and serious subjects in an entertaining way 资讯娱乐节目 infra- (in adjectives 构成形容词).below or beyond a particular limit彳运于（或超由）某限度的：fn)hireci红外 线的一compare ultra-

in-frac-tion /m'fraekXn/ noun [C, U] {format) an act of breaking a rule or law 犯规；违法 H77I infringe- ment: minor fn介actions 〇/£[/ recitations 对欧盟规定

的轻微触犯

infra dig /.infra 'dig/ adj. [not before noun] {old-fashioned, informal) considered to be below the standard of behav­iour appropriate in a particular situation or to sb^ social position有失身份；有失体面 in.fra.red Ainfra’red/ (phys/cs 物）having or using electromagnetic waves which are longer than those of red light in the spectrum, and which cannot be seen 红外线的；使用红外线的：in_/irared radiation红外辐射◊ an fn_/hired Zamp 红外线灯一compare ultraviolet in-fra-struc-ture /'mfrastrAktJa^)/ noun [C, U] the basic systems and services that are necessary for a country or an organization to run smoothly, for ex

ample buildings, transport and water and power supplies (国 家或机构的）查础设施，基础建设► iivfra*struotural /.mfra'strAktJaral/ adj. [usually before noun] ： infrastruc- turaZ development 基说—设的;k 展 in-fre-quent /m'friikwant/ adj. not happening often ^ 常发生的；牵见的 CWTI rare ： her infrequent visits home 她少有如探望家人◊ Muggings are re〖ariveZy in)ire- quent fn this area.在个地区行凶抢劫事件相对少见。 rain frequent ► in fre quent ly adv. ： This happens not in/irequent〖y (= often).这种事常常发生。 in-fringe /in'frmd3/ verb 1 [VN] (of an action, a plan, etc•行动、计划等）to break a law or rule违背，触犯 (法规）：The materiel can be copied without in- _/h‘nging copyright.这份材料可以复制，不会侵犯版权。

2 ~ (on/upon) sth to limit sb’s legal rights 侵犯，侵害 ■(合法权备）：[VN] They said that compulsory identity cards wouW in介inge cfvinfberties•他们说强鈿办理# 份证会侵犯公民的自由。◊ [V】She re_/iiseci to answer questions that fn_/Wnged on her private aj和frs.她拒绝回 答侵犯她隐私的问题。► in.fringe.ment /-m如t/ nowr? [U, C]： copyright fn_/Hngement 版权的侵犯◊ an in>Hnge- me/it 〇/ Hberty对自由的侵犯

in-furi-ate /m'fjuarieit; NAmE -'Qur-/ verb to make sb extremely angry使极为生气；使大怒；激怒BEES enrage ： [VN] Her silence infuriated, him even more, itfe 的沉默使他更加愤怒了。〇[VN that] Jt in力xriates me that s/ie was not /oimd •令我大怒的是她获判无 罪。[also VN to inf]

in-furi-at-ing /m'fluarieitii]； NAmE -'Qur-/ adj. making you extremely angry使人板为生气（或侖怒）的：an in/iiriarin^ chi〖4/de〖ay令人极为生气的孩手；使人愤怒的 〇 It is infuriating to talk to someone who just looks out 〇/the window.和眼睛只看着窗外的人讲话很让人窝 火 6 ► in-furi-at-ing-ly adv. ： to smHe        笑得