ini-tial-ize (BrE also -ise) /I'mjalaiz/ verb [VN] {computing if) to make a computer program or system ready for use
or format a disk初&化（计算机程序或系统> ; 预置；格式化（磁盘
> ►
initial.丨zation, -isa.tion /i.mj'alai'zeij'n; NAmE -la'z-/ noun [U] ini-tial-ly /I'mjeli/ adv. at the beginning 开始；最初；起初：JnittaHy,the 印stem worked vveH.开始时系统运转良好。◊ TTie death toll
was initially reported at around 250, but was later revised to 300.最初报道死亡人数约250,后修订为300。 ini-ti-ate verb,
noun
_ verb /I’mjieit/ [VN] 1
(/omifl/) to make sth begin 开始；
发起；创始 EECI set
in motion ： to initiate legal
proceedings against sb 0 The
government
has im'riated a programme 0/economic re/orm.政府已开 始实施经济改革方案。2 ~ sb (into sth) to explain sth to sb and/or make them
experience it for the first time 使
了解；传授；教…开始尝试：Many 〇/them had been infriated into drug use at cm eariy age.也们中有很多人在
早年就被教会了吸毒。3 ~ sb (丨nto sthj to make sb a member of a particular group,
especially as part of a secret ceremony (尤指在秘密&式上）使加入，接纳，
吸收：Hundreds are initiated into the sect each year. %
年有好几百人被接纳到这个教派中。
■
noun /I'nijiat/ a person who has been allowed
to join a particular group, organization, or religion and is learning its rules
and secrets新加入某组织（或机构、宗
，）的人；新入会的人
ini-ti-ation /i.mji'eij'n/ noun [U] 1 ~ (into sth) the act of sb becoming a
member of a group, often with a special ceremony; the act of introducing sb to
an activity or skill (常指通过特别仪式的）入会；介绍某人初试某活动
(或技艺）：an initiation ceremony 入会仪式◊ her im’riarion into
the worW 0/marketing 她的初次涉足营销
界 2 (/ozwfl/) the act of starting sth 开始；创始；发起：
the
im’tiarion o/crimina〖 proceedings 提起刑事诉讼
1 [C]
a new plan for dealing with a particular problem or for achieving a particular
purpose 倡议；新务案；a C/m’teci
JVarions peace fm’tiafive 读合国的扁平倡议◊ a government
initiative to combat unemployment 失业问题的聲方案
2 [U]
the ability to decide and act on your own without waiting for sb to tell you
what to do 主动性；积极性；自发性：Ybu won’t get much Mp. Ybu
7丨have to use your initiative.你不会得到多少帮助
的。你得自己想办法。◊幼e dicHt on her own initiative (=without
anyone telling her to do.it).她是主动这么做 的。3
the
initiative [sing.]
the power or opportunity to act and gain an advantage
before other people do 拿握
有利条件的能力（或机会）；主动权：toseize/Iosethe initiative 〇 It was up to the
the initiative m repairing reiations.無修复关系方面应由
美国采取主动。4 [C] (AMmf，/aiv 律）（in some states of the
ini-ti-ator /I'niXieita^)/ noun (formal) the person who starts sth爱起又；创磕人
in-ject /m'd3ekt/ verb
[VN] 1 ~ sth (into yourself/sb/sth) | 〜yourself/sb/sth (with sth)
to put a drug or other substance into a person’s or an animal’s body using a syringe (给…）注射（药物等）：Adrenaifn was injected into
the musde.往肌肉里注射了肾上腺素。◊ She
has been injecting herself with insulin since the age of 16.她从16岁起就开始自行注射胰岛素。2〜A(intoB) I 〜B (with A) to put a liquid
into sth using a syringe or
similar instrument (给…）注射（液体 >:Chemicak
are
Ejected into the 介uft to. reduce cfeccty. 7JC果注入了化 学药品以防腐环。◊ Theis injected with c/iemica/s to reduce
decay•水果注入了化学药品以防腐环。3〜sth (into sth) to add a
particular quality to sth (给…）'添 ilD，增加■(某品质
> :His comments injected a note of humour
into the proceedings.他的发言给整个活动增添f 一丝幽默的气氛。4
〜sth (丨nto sth) to give money to an organization, a project, etc. so that it can function (给…）投入（邊金）：T/iey are re_/iusZng to inject any
more capita! into the
industry•他们拒绝对这一产业投入
I $多的资金。
m-jec-tion /m'd3ekjn/ noun
1 [C, U] an act of injecting
sS with a drug or other substance 注射：to give sb an injection ^ ^ A fT fi* 0 He was treated with penicillin injectiorw.他接受了青霉素注射。◊ An
anaesthetic was admi'nistered by injection.麻醉剂已注射入体内。◊ daiZy ^y'ecrions
o/fasu!in 每天的胰岛素注射一picture o page
R26 2 [C] a large sum of money
that is spent to help improve a situation, business, etc.大量资金的投入：
The
theatre faces closure unless it gets an urgent cash injection.剧院面临着倒闭，除非有大笔救急现金投入。
3 [U, C] an act of forcing liquid into sth (液体）注入， 喷入：a injection system燃油注入装置
injection moulding {BrE) {NAmE injection molding) noun [U] (technical 7|t^) a way of shaping plastic or
rubber by heating it and pouring it into a mould
热压 铸；（―胶）射出成型► injection-'moulded (/SMmf injection-molded) adj.
in-joke noun a joke that is only
understood by a parti- ci^lar foup of people圈子里的矣话；行内笑话
in-ju-di-cious /.mdsu'dijas/ adj. {formal) not sensible or wise; not
appropriate in a particular situation 不明智 的；不当的
H*i71
unwise: an injudfcwits remark 不当 的言语
judicious ► in-ju-di-cious-ly adv.
Injun /'md3an/ noun [US, taboo, slang) an offensive word for a Native American (含侮—意）洲土著 injunction /in'd3Ai]kJ,n/
noun 1 ~ (against sb) an official order given by a court which
demands that sth must or must not be done (法院的）强制令，禁制令：
to
seefc/obtam an injunction i#求/得到强制令◊ 77ie court granted an injunction against the defendants. 法庭对被告发出了禁制令。_compare restraining order 2 (formal) a warning or an order from
sb in authority瞀告；指令；命令
l*e
CHw /'md3a{r)/ verb [VN]
harm yourself or sb else physically,
especially in an accident (尤指在事故中）伤害，使受為：ffe injured his fcnee
paying hocfc^y.他打曲棍朵时膝盖受伤。◊ Three
people were killed and five injured in the crash, ft 车事敁中有三人死亡，五乂受伤。2 to damage sb’s
reputation, pride, etc.损害，伤害（名誉、自尊等）： This could seriously injure the company's
reputation. & 会严重损害公司的声誉。
injured (Hr /'ind3ad; NAmE-d39rd/
adj.
1
physically hurt; having an injury 受伤的；有伤的：an injured Zeg 受伤沾腿◊ LucfcfZy, she isn’t
tVy'urei ♦运的
是，她没受伤。◊ Carter is paying m
place 〇/
the
injured (TReiHy.卡特替代受伤的奧赖利上场比赛。EH3uninjured
2 the injured now/? [pi.]
the people injured in an accident, a battle，etc.受伤的人；伤员；伤兵：
Ambulances
took the injured to a nearby hospital 车把伤者送到了附近的一所医院。3 (of a person or their
feelings 人或感情）upset or offended because
sth unfair has been done 委屈的；受到伤害的：an injured Zoo?c/ tone委屈的样子/语调◊ injured pride受伤的自尊心
the _injured ’party now/7 [sing.] (especially
/aw 律）the person who has been treated unfairly, or the
person who claims in court to have been treated unfairly 受害 人；受害一方
in.juri.ous
/m'd3〇arias; AMwf -’d3ur-/ （to sb/sth) {formal) causing or likely to cause
harm or damage ja <成i伤害的；有害的BECI DAMAGING injury /'ind30ri/ noun {pi. -ies)
〜（to sb/sthj 1 [C, U] harm done to a person’s or an
animal’s body, for example in an accident (对躯体 的）伤害，损為：serious f/ijury/injuries 重伤◊ minor injuries 轻伤◊ to sustain injurfes/an injury 受伤◊ to escape
injury 0 injury to the head 0
a head injury 0
Two players are out of the team
because 〇/fnju/y•两名队员卤伤退出了比赛。◊ There were no
injuries in the crash (= no people injured). 车事故中无人受伤。0 (BrE，丨‘nforma/) Don’t do that.
You7l doyoursd/tm
injuiy (= hurt yourself).另ij 那样做。你 会由自己弄伤的。o vocabulary notes on page
R2 5
[U] (especially law W) damage to a person's feelings (对感情的）伤害，挫伤：Damages may be awarded/or