2 [only before noun] (of food 1=t $q) that can be made quickly and easily, usually by adding hot water Jt W; HP'ft'IKJ; instant coffee

unoun [usually sing.] 1 a very short period of time $||h] ; ft^'J HTH moment: I’ll be back in an instant.

|)c[H]5jto ❖ Just for an instant I thought he was going to refuse. 8(5 |a] IU A fife £ fg 0 2 a particular point in time Bt^i]: At that (very) instant, the door opened. WtfEM Bf, rwto of recognized her the instant (that) {= as soon as) / saw her. — BIDciAdiMT0 0 Come here this instant (= immediately)/ instantaneous /.instan'teinias/ adj. happening immediately ±L BP ; tL M ifj; 0$ |rJ |fj; an instantan­eous response BPBf(HJJx.J!& o Death was almost instantan­eous.         ► in-stant-an-eous-ly adv.

instantly /'mstantli/ adv. immediately ij; it BP; S, ±: Her voice is instantly recognizable. tfetisP/r        o The driver was killed instantly.

.instant 'messaging noun [U] a system on the Internet that allows people to exchange written messages with each other very quickly BPBfilfg ( -HDcN          S#

mm)

.instant 'replay noun {NAmE) = action replay(I) in stead 0-w /m'sted/ adv. in the place of sb/sth ft#; M#; S.M; £P: Lee was ill so I went instead.         0r 1U ?£ A 7 <, o He didn’t

reply. Instead, he turned on his heel and left the room, fife 0M70flu„ o She said nothing, preferring instead to save her comments till later. Mft~&

in’stead of o-mprep.

in the place of sb/sth ft#; ••• l$#i&: We just had soup instead of a full meal.  0

o Now I can walk to work instead of going by car.

^ muz&fr&km.,- iw$j0

in-step /'instep/ noun 1 the top part of the foot between the ankle and toes     —picture o body 2 the

part of a shoe that covers the instep iiffi in sti gate /'mstigeit/ verb [VN] 1 (especially BrE) to make sth start or happen, usually sth official fj£ ( IE^; ) A hfc;  BEES bring sth about : The government

has instigated a programme of economic reform. fl&jfFB ^5&72 to cause sth bad to happen

sfczjj: They were accused of instigating racial

^ violence.

instigation /.insti'geijn/ noun [U] the act of causing sth to begin or happen % ^3; p£ fj£;    An appeal

fund was launched at the instigation of the President. & iSIt®7-^fISi4 0 It was done at his insti- t gation.          w.

in sti ga tor /’instigeit0(r)/ noun - (of sth) a person who causes sth to happen, especially sth bad ^;®A;  ( X

fa )    &1S#: the instigators of the

riots

in stil {BrE) (NAmE in-still) /in'stil/ verb (-H-) [VN] ~ sth (in/into sb) to gradually make sb feel, think or behave in a particular way over a period of time M $$i,

( /is. S&IsfcfrA ) : to instil confidence/ discipline/fear into sb

in stinct /Tnstiqkt/ noun [U, C] 1 ~ (for sth/for doing sth) | ~ (to do sth) a natural tendency for people and animals to behave in a particular way using the know­ledge and abilities that they were born with rather than thought or training Af£; A if: maternal instincts -fif if o Children do not know by instinct the difference between right and wrong.  0

His first instinct was to run away. flfe^Af^^JStfcJi :&!>$&<, o Horses have a well-developed instinct for fear. ^ A if J§ Isi PF „ 0 Even at school, he showed he had an instinct for (= was naturally good at) business, ftfe#-

2-(that...) a

feeling that makes you do sth or believe that sth is true, even though it is not based on facts or reason ft

EEE1 intuition: Her instincts had been right. #tfe^ N"(ft

# ijfesxtw.

in-stinct-ive /m'stirjktiv/ adj. based on instinct, not thought or training      W ; Af 05:

instinctive knowledge A tb P5J 531inv 0 She’s an instinctive player. MIIAA£#JiH3tjMo o My instinctive reaction was to deny everything. At^J^Ji^'U—f0o ► in- stinct-ive-ly adv.: He knew instinctively that something was wrong. ftfe^l^&it&^To in stinct ual /in'stirjktjual/ adj. {psychology 7') based on natural instinct; not learned Alb ( M A >) # ) in sti tute 0-w /'institju:t; NAmE-tu:t/ noun, verb mnoun an organization that has a particular purpose, especially one that is connected with education or a particular profession; the building used by this organ­ization ( IStW,  ) flltfej,       a research

institute      0 the Institute of Chartered Accountants

(         0 iL ^ ) # if £ it 4 o institutes of higher

education

■ verb [VN] {formal) to introduce a system, policy, etc. or start a process          &^ ) ; jf t&; ^

fr: to institute criminal proceedings against sb A O The new management intends to institute ^ a number of changes.

in sti tu tion o-w /.msti'tjuijn; NAmE-'tu:J*n/ noun 1 [C] a large important organization that has a particular purpose, for example, a university or bank ( A^,        an educational/

financial, etc. institution ^ M ^ tfl     0 the

Smithsonian Institution  2 [C] (usually disap­

proving) a building where people with special needs are taken care of, for example because they are old or mentally ill M #         f•] f/lffj: a mental institu­tion 0 We want this to be like a home, not an

institution.  3 [C] a

custom or system that has existed for a long time among a particular group of people (         AW ) M

f8 33 S , ftj J$ : the institution of marriage M ffl St 4 [U] the act of starting or introducing sth such as a system or a law Hjl; ; $!]ae7 the institution of new safety procedures Wi'k'kMMttlUfe 5 [C] {informal, humorous) a person who is well known because they have been in a particular place or job for a long time ( ^Hfe^Xf^AfHj ) ft#l$A: You must know him— he’s an institution around here! ff —*/EiA.iRfife       ftfejfe

in sti tu tion al /.msti'tjuijanl; NAmE -'tu:-/ adj. [usually before noun] connected with an institution

&5J: institutional investors ffl# 0 institu­tional care          ► in-sti-tu-tion-ally /-fanali/

adv.

in-sti-tu-tion-al-ize {BrE also -ise) /.instTtjurJanalaiz; NAmE -'tu:-/ verb [VN] 1 to send sb who is not capable of living independently to live in a special building (= an institution) especially when it is for a long period of time # ( AtSAfggaWA ) &9Ji[fcg#Lft ( fTL ^ ) 2 to make sth become part of an organized system, society or culture, so that it is considered normal JEftH $1;   it ► in-sti-tu-tion-al-iza-tion,

-isa-tion /.insti.tjuijanalai'zeijn; NAmE -.tuijanala'z/ noun [U]

institutionalized {BrE also -ised) /.insti'tju:- Janalaizd; NAmE -'tu:-/ adj. 1 (usually disapproving) that has happened or been done for so long that it is considered normal        institution­

alized racism & A B A W # & fi 2 (of people A) lacking the ability to live and think independently because they have spent so long in an institution ( @

institutionalized

' patients A A S Sfg A   A

, in-'store adj. [only before noun] within a large shop/store Af8}J£A$J; A$5]£#rMW: an in-store bakery i&^jfA

in-struct /in'strAkt/ verb 1 (formal) to tell sb to do sth,

especially in a formal or official way A; #4*;

HE! direct, order : [VN to inf] The letter instructed him to report to headquarters immediately.        ta A

3tfc BP 0 C jf. o 0 [VN wh-] You will be instructed