受到震惊（而采取行动V;唤醒；使觉醒：[VN] Ms remarfc joked
her into action.他的话使她猛然醒悟而行动
起■来。.0 a method of jolting the
economy out of recession 使经济从衰退中复苏的方法[also VN-ADJ]
■
nown [usually sing.] 1 a
sudden rough movement 颠簸；
震动；摇晃 jerk： The plane landed with
a jolt 飞机着陆时颠了一下。2a
sudden strong feeling, especially of shock or surprise —阵强烈的感情（尤指震
惊或惊讶> :o/dismay
—阵惊诧
Joneses /'d3aunziz; NAmE *d3〇un-/ noun [pi.] .keep up with the
Joneses {informal, often disapproving) to try to have all
the possessions and social achievements that your friends and neighbours have (与朋友和邻居 在物质和社会成就方面）攀比，比富有，比排场，比阔气
josh /dsoj*;⑽d3a:JV
ve/t
[V，VN，V speech]
(/’n/ormfl/)
to gently make fun of sb or talk to them in a joking way 开玩笑；戏弄Baa tease
joss stick /'d3DStik; NAmE 'd3a:s-/ noun a thin wooden stick
covered with a substance that burns slowly and produces a sweet smell (烧的）香 jos-tle /'d3Dsl; NAmE 'd3a:sl/ verb to push roughly
against sb in a crowd (在人群中）挤，推，撞，搡：
[VN]
The
visiting president was jostled by angry demon- strators.到访的总统受到愤怒的示威者的推搡。0[V] People were
jcwtZfng, arguing and comf>Zaimng.人们推推
搡盛，争吵i抱怨着。jostle for sth to compete strongly
and with force with other people for sth ^ 夺；争抢：People in the crowd
were jostling for the best positions.这群人在竞相抢占最好的位置。
jot /d3Pt;
/NMmf d3a:t/ verb，now/?
■
verb (-tt-) ,jot sthwdown to write sth quickly 草 草记卡；■匆匆记下：jot dmvn the address/or you.
我得赶快把地址给你写下来。
mnoun [sing.] not a/one jot used to mean *not even
a small amount’ when you are emphasizing a negative statement —点（不 丝毫（不）：There’s not a jot 〇/
truth in w/zat./ie says (= none at all).他没有一句实岳。
jot.ter AMmf ’d3a:t-/ nown (fi/f) 1 a small book
used for writing notes in 笺簿；便条簿；记事簿
2 (Scoff)
an
exercise book 练习簿；练习本
jot.tings /，d3Dtmz; 'd3a:t-/
noun [pi.] short notes
that are written down
quickly 便条；简迨的笔记
joule /d3U：l/ noun [abbr. J) (physics a unit of energy or
work焦耳（能量或功的单位）
jour.na警 /_d33:nl; /SW/77f _d33:ml/
now/7 1 a newspaper or magazine that deals with a particular
subject or profes- sion (某学科或专业的）报纸，刊物，杂志：a scfent^c/trade
journal 科学 / 行业杂志◊ the British
Medicai Joumd《英国医争系志》.2 used in the title Of some newspapers (用于也系名’）…报：the WaH Street JoumaZ .《牵系街曰报 ^ 3a written
record of the things you do, see, etc. every day 日志；日足：He kept a joumaZ o/hi5 mzvek
acrdss Aia.他把自‘己的职洲之行ifi 录下来了。一 compare diary(2) journalese /.d33:na.li:z; NAmE ,d33：rn-/ noun [u] (usually disapproving) a style of language
that |s thought to be typical of that used in newspapers 新闻文体；新
闻笔调
journalism /'dsainalizam; NAmE 'd33：rn-/ noun [U] the work of collecting and writing
news stories for newspapers, magazines, radio or television 新闻业；新
_闻工作_
jour-naMst Ot*
/'d33：n0list; NAmE 'd^irn-l noun a person whose job is
to collect and write news stories for newspapers, magazines，radio or television' 新闻记 者；新闻工作者一compare reporter
jour-nal-is-tic
/,d33：n0'listik; NAmE ,d33：rn-/ adj. [usually before noun]
connected with the work of a journalist 新 闻业的；新闻工作（者）的：joumaHsricsfciMs新闻工# 技巧◊ his jouma〖istfc bad^roimd他的新闻工作背景
jotimey O-w /'d33：ni; NAmE'd^imil noun, verb » noun an act of travelling from one place to another,
especially when they are far apart (先指长途）旅行，
tf
程：They went on a long
train journey across India. 们乘火车作了一次横跨印度的长途旅行。◊ (8r£) Did you have a good journey?你一路顺利吗？ ◊
on the outwarci/retum journey 在外出 /
返® 逢中◊ (8r£) We
1097 joyriding
broke our journey (= stopped for a short
time) in
use the car /or short
journeys.短途旅行就别开车。◊ (8r£) 7t’s a day’s journey
by car•开车的话要走一天
J’m a_/hiid you’ve had a wasted journey (= you cannot
do what you have come to do),对不起，你桌..白 跑了一趟。，◊ (8r£，Bye/ Sqfej’oum^y/ (= used when sb is beginning a
journey)再见！ 一路平安！ ◊ (figurative) The book
describes a spiritual journey from despair to happiness.这本书描述了从绝望到高兴的心理
变4：过程。〇 note at trip
■
verb [V, usually +adv./prep.] {formal or literary) to travel, especially a
long distance (尤指长途）碰行：rhey journeyed/or seven Zon^
months.他们作了去达七个月•尚
旅行。
journey-man /'d33：niman; NAmE 'd^irn-/ noun {pi. -men /-man/) 1 (in the
past) a person who was trained to do a particular job and who then worked for
sb else (旧时）学徒期满南工匠，出师的学徒工2 a person who has
training and experience in a job but who is only average at it熟练工；熟手
journo /'d33：nau; NAmE 'd33：rnou/ (pi. -os) noun {BrE, sto㈣a journalist新闻记者；新闻工作者
joust /d3aust/ verb [V] 1 to fight on horses
using a long stick (= a lance) to
try to knock the other person off their horse, especially as part of a formal
contest in the past (尤指旧时作为正式比赛一部分的）马上长矛打斗， 骑马比武 2 (/brmfl/)
to argue with sb, especially as part of a formal or public
debate (尤指作为M式或公弁％论
一部分的）辩论，讨论，争论► joust noim Jove /d3auv; NAmE d3〇uv/ noun ffiTOl by 'Jove {old-fashioned, informal,
especially Br£) used to express surprise or to emphasize
a statement (表示惊奇或加强 语气）啊，哎呀
jo-vial
/'d3auvial; NAmE 'd3〇u-/ adj. very cheerful and friendly快乐的；愉快的;友#的4〇丫^1‘办/.(1331^- 'aelati; NAmE ,d3〇u-/ noun [U] jo-vial-ly /-iali/ adv. jowl /d3aol/ /iowaj [usually pi.] the lower part of
sb’s cheek when it is fat and hangs down below their chin 双'.下 .巴；下颌垂肉：a man with heavy jow/s下巴底下一堆肉
的男 A IM see cheek n. j〇y /d3〇i/ noun
1
[U] a feeling of great happiness 高兴；愉快；喜悦 delight ： the sheer
)oy 〇/ befn^ with her again 与 她重逢的无比喜悦之情◊ to dance/or/wfth
joy高兴得跳 o I didrCt expect them to jump for joy at the news (=to be very pleased).没想到他们听到这消息高兴得跳
了 起来。◊ To his
great joy, she accepted.使他感到非常 彘兴W是她接受了。〇 note at pleasure 2 [C] a person or thing
that causes you to feel very happy 令人高兴'的 人（或事）；乐事；杀趣：thej’oyso//atherhood镟父亲 的乐趣◊ rhe game was a
joy to watch.这比赛看起来真 /开心。3 [U]
(8rf, /n/omjfl/) (in questions and negative sentences 角于疑问句和否定％ success
or satisfaction 成 功；满意；满足：We complained about our rooms but got no joy介om the manager.我们抱怨房间不好，经理却
不理会。◊ joy at
the shops?’' Wo, they didn’t have what J wanted’ “逛商店有收获吗？” “没有，哪里都没 有我想要的。”_ ITfl?! full
of the joys of 'spring very cheerful快活极了；非常愉快；活泼愉快一more at PRIDE n.
joy-ful /'d3〇ifl/ adj. very happy; causing
people to be happy高兴的；乐的；令人掄快的o note at happy ► joy-fuMy /-fali/ adv. joy-ful-ness /iow/7 [u] joy-less /'d3〇il8s/ adj. (formal) bringing no
happiness;
without joy 没有欢乐的；不诀活的：a joyless chiZdhood /没有欢乐的童年
joy.ous
/_d3〇ras/ {literary) very happy; causing
people to be happy高兴的；诶乐的；令人侖诶的团S3 joyful : joyous laughter 快乐的笑声► joy.ous.ly adv. joy-pad /'d3〇ipaed/ noun a device used with some computer games,
with buttons that you use to move images on the screen (电脑游戏的 >
游戏手柄，游戏操
纵器
joy-rid-ing /'d3〇iraidir)/
noun [U] the crime of stealing a car
and driving it for pleasure, usually in a fast and