noun [U] : private landownership ± jfe fA ^ fi] land­owning oaf/, [only before noun]: the great landowning families

'land reform noun [U, C] the principle of dividing land for farming into smaller pieces so that more people can own some ±itkgjc$

'land registry (BrE) (NAmE 'land office) noun a govern­ment office that keeps a record of areas of land and who owns them MH&h; itkltM;

'Land Rover™ (also Land-Rover™) noun a strong vehicle used for travelling over rough ground        M

wm>

land-SCape frw /'laendskeip/ noun, verb

n noun 1 [C, usually sing.] everything you can see when you look across a large area of land, especially in the country ( p®±,      ) RM, thebleak/

rugged/dramatic, etc. landscape of the area 2$ X ifa UMlftM, 3IAAJKlttJM^o the woods and fields that are typical features of the English landscape Jf %^ 0         ft)ffl m o an

urban/industrial landscape f& rfJ / X ik M M 0 (figura­tive) We can expect changes in the political landscape.

o note at country 2 [C, U] a painting of a view of the countryside; this style of painting ^URMM; £ WRMmtf)Rfo:_an artist famous for his landscapes WMillSJI^I^tftJlBilt

                compare townscape 3 [U] [technical A ip) the way of printing a document in which the top of the page is one of the longer sides ( ;£#ftj ) jtfafrApjfA: Select the landscape option when printing the file. ff£p Ait

ft hEp^AiMo — picture o page R5 — compare portrait adj. ITim see blot n.

> verb [VN] to improve the appearance of an area of land by changing the design and planting trees, flowers, etc.

.landscape 'architect noun a person whose job is planning and designing the environment, especially so that roads, buildings, etc. combine with the landscape in an attractive way [11 if It 3ft 0; W: /I it it W ► , land­scape architecture noun [U]

.landscape 'gardener noun a person whose job is designing and creating attractive parks and gardens 0 iflUiJrp; HHfiti+W ► .landscape 'gardening

noun [U]

l and’s 'End noun a place in Cornwall that is further west than any other place in England  ( MMkft

ip,     )

land-slide /'laendslaid/ noun 1 (also land-fall) a mass of earth, rock, etc. that falls down the slope of a mountain

or a cliff (iMi&Mift ) mm, mx, mm, m

                see also landslip 2 an election in which one person or party gets very many more votes than the other people or parties —

^ifc^ftj        She was expected to win by a landslide.

O a landslide victory

land-slip /'laendslip/ noun a mass of rock and earth that falls down a slope, usually smaller than a landslide

(mx, mm, mm

land-ward /'laendwad; NAmE -ward/ adj. [only before noun] facing the land; away from the sea H ifo ftj; fn] & ftj land-ward (also land-wards) adv.: After an hour, the ship turned landward.

land yacht noun 1 a small vehicle with a sail and no engine, that is used on land ( A£^J#lftl ) #

$1%, 2 (NAmE, informal) a large car AMAA

lane CH* /lem/ noun

1 a narrow road in the country (     ) /J\jJ§-; winding

country lanes #ii#f ftj^lBj/flifr 0 We drove along a muddy lane to reach the farmhouse.

—see also memory lane 2 (especially in place names Afi X itk£) a street, often a narrow one with buildings on both sides /J\ # ; $ |W] ; M # : The quickest way is through the back lanes behind the bus station. 0 Park

Lane ijf X M 3 a section of a wide road, that is marked by painted white lines, to keep lines of traffic separate

A iS : the inside/middle lane / A A 3S 0 the northbound/southbound lane X fx / ^ fr A it 0 to

change lanes ^^Ail o She signalled and pulled over into the slow lane.          JEXXITiAilo 0 a

four-lane highway 0 A it A ^ see also bus lane, cycle lane, fast lane, outside lane, passing lane 4 a narrow marked section of a track or a swimming pool that is used by one person taking part in a race ( tfcUftl ) fl&if, dfcil: The Australian in lane four is coming up fast from behind.

Jkfs— picture o page R32 5 a route used by ships or aircraft on regular journeys Mil; M ^: one of the world’s busiest shipping/sea lanes tl# AJUJUtWifcisMUZ— HI see fast lane

lang-lauf /'laerjlauf/ noun [U] (from German) = cross­country skiing

lan-gouste /'hmguist; NAmE 'la:ng-/ (especially US lan- gosta /laerj'gnsta; NAmE -’gaista/) noun a type of large shellfish with a long body and legs

Ian gousline /'lnrjgustiin; NAmE 'lanj-/ (also .Norway lobster, .Dublin Bay prawn) noun a type of shell­fish like a small lobster lan guage Oti /'laeqgwids/ noun

                OF A COUNTRY 0       1 [C] the system of communication

in speech and writing that is used by people of a particular country or area i|f W ; if W A X : the Japanese language 10% 0 It takes a long time to learn to speak a language well X #if W fl^lEilAftJ

If fa] o 0 Italian is my first language. ^Af'Jif^lfcftl# if 0 0 All the children must learn a foreign language. FJfX ftj JL M & M ¥ — H fh if 0    0 She has a good

command of the Spanish language. fttkASMMffiXif o 0 a qualification in language teaching if W X ftj Aft 0 They fell in love in spite of the language barrier (= the difficulty of communicating when people speak different languages). & A iff W It 5# , ilk (ll 3E X AS H T o 0 Why study Latin? It’s a dead language (= no longer spoken by anyone). Ait A AAiTin ? StAiftTo o Is English an official language in your country? ^ig Ai§#i% ? —see also

MODERN LANGUAGE

                COMMUNICATION £ U 2 [U] the use by humans of a system of sounds and words to communicate g i^; i! it; i# W: theories about the origins of language A A lfl W 35 iH (ft M i& o a study of language acquisition in two-year-olds

                STYLE OF SPEAKIN6/WRITING P i# /  3 [U] a

particular style of speaking or writing ^    ^ ^ W

in ( ^cin W ) : bad/foul/strong language (= words that people may consider offensive) iffi / AS. / -^5 A it 0 literary/poetic language / i#®^io m 0 the language of the legal profession W A ik ffl i!f o Give your instructions in everyday language. AS 31ft W ifTi- A A ts

— see also bad language o note on next page

                MOVEMENTS/SYMBOLS/SOUND Ef] if:        , 4 [C, U] a

way of expressing ideas and feelings using movements, symbols and sound ( flSzfttA.

'If W Miiff A,        the language of mime ffigij

W A^if 0 the language of dolphins/bees / §1:^1$ AjS; — see also body language, sign language

                COMPUTING if A 5 [C, U] a system of symbols and rules that is used to operate a computer if % Aft if "g: a programming language jMJfHiifif W

IRtl mind/watch your 'language to be careful about what you say in order not to upset or offend sb ilff j§ SA     : Watch your language, young man!

A,      speak/talk the same language to

be able to communicate easily with another person because you share similar opinions and experience ( @

) mmmftM, mm,

.language engineering noun [u] (computing if) the use of computers to process languages for industrial purposes i^WX^

'language laboratory noun a room in a school or college that contains special equipment to help students learn foreign languages by listening to tapes