military action集合，召集，集结（尤指部队^ HTH gather: [V] TTie troops mustered.部队集结起来。◊ [VN] to muster
an army 集合一支部队 3 [VN] to
gather together sheep or
cows 赶拢（牛、羊）.'
■
noun a group of people,
especially soldiers, that have been brought together滅集的人群；（尤指 >集结的兵
力：muster stations (=
parts of a building，a ship, etc. that
people must go to if there is an emergency) il 结站
see pass v.
musty /'mAsti/ adj. smelling damp and
unpleasant because of a lack of fresh air 有霉成的；发霉的 H771 dank： a musty room有霉味的秦间
mut-able /'mjuitabl/ adj. (formal) that can change;
likely to change 可变的；会查的► mut.abil.ity /,mju:ta_bilati/ noun [U]
mu-tant/'mjurtant/ adj., noun
■
(/j/o/ogy 生).(of a living thing 生物）different in some way
from others of the same kind because of a change in its genetic structure因基因变异而不_的；变异的；
突变的：a mutant gene变异基因
■
/)〇Mn 1 (办/o/ogy 生）a living thing with
qualities that are different from its parents’ qualities because of a change in
its genetic structure 突变型；突变体 2 (//7/o/7??fl/) (in stories about space, the future,
etc.未秦和夫空等故a living thing with an
unusual and frightening appearance because of a change in its genetic structure 突变 异体怪物；异形
mu.tate
/mju:_tert; _mju:teit/ verfc ~ (into
sth) 1 to develop or make sth develop a new form or
structure, because of a genetic
change (使）变异，秀变：[V] the ability of the virus to mutate
into new forms 新菌知必能力0[VN] mutated genes发4变异品基因2 ivj to change into a
new form 转变；转换：Kftythm and Wues
mutatedhto rocfc and roH..节_布鲁斯演变成为摇
滚乐。.—see also mutation
mu-ta-tion /mju:'teijn/ noun 1 [u，C], (fc/o/ogy 生)』a process in which the genetic material of a person, a plant
or an animal changes in structure when it is passed on to children, etc.,
causing different physical
GRAMMAR
POINT语法说明
must ♦ have (got) to ♦ must not ♦ don’t have to
Necessity
and Obligation 必要和义务
■
Must and have
(got) to are used in the present to say that
something is necessary or should be done. Have to is
more common in NAmE, especially in speech. * must和have
(got) to用于现在时，表示某事^■必要或
应该做。have to较常用于北美英语，尤其是口语中：
Vow mwsf be /?ome 办 71 o’c/odc•你必须在;11.点之前回 家。◊ /mwsf vvfls/H/jecflrtomo/row. _明天多须蚌^ 汽车。◊ I have to collect the children from school at 3 oVr/odc.我得在3点钟到学校接孩子,◊ A/urses have to
weart? wm/o/m與士牮縯穿制服。
■
In BrE there is a difference between them. Must is used to
talk about what the speaker or listener wants, and have (got) to about
rules, laws and other people's wishes，在英国英语中，两词之间有差异。must是基于 说话者或听话者的主观意愿，have
(got) to关乎规定、
法律和他人的愿望：/ must//‘n/’s/j
essay tocfc/y. /’/77 go/ngotvffomo/row.我今天一定要完成这金论文，因
为我明天要出:去。.呔/s essay
W? “叱fo Awm/ tomorrow.我今天彳|完成这篇
论文，因为我们明天必须交i
■
There are no..past or future forms of must To
talk about the past you use had to and has had to. * must 无过去或将来形式。;表示过去用had to和has
had to:
/ /jfld to w/fl/t /j〇_w_r/orf? bus*.我得等半小肘的公“:
共汽车 P Will have to is used tola
丨k about the future，, or have to if an arrangement has
already been made. 说将来的事用wU丨have
to,如果&作好安排亦可用
have to： We'll have to borrow the money
we need. ^
们需要的这笮钱只好去借了。◊/Mvetogoto汰e i/enf/sf foworrow.我明关得去看牙医。
characteristics to develop; a change
of this kind (生物 物种的）变异，突变：ceHs aj^ected by
mutation受到突 i影响的细胞◊ genetic
mutations基因变异2 [U, C] a change in
the form or structure of sth (形式或结构 的 > 转变，改变：语言)vowd mutation 元音 变化
mu-ta-tis mu*tan-dis /mju:,ta:tis mjui'taendis; mu:-/ adv. (jfrom
Latin,
formal)
(used when you are comparing two or more things or situations) making the small
changes that are necessary for each individual case, without changing the main
points (用于比较两种或以 上的事物或状况）作必要的小更改，经适当修改后：rhe same contract, mutatis mutandis,
will be given to each employee (= the contract is basically the same for
everybody，but the names, etc. are changed).把姓名等 细节稍作修改之后，同一份合同将发给每个员工人手
一份。
mute /mjurt/ adj., noun, verb
■ 口办1 not speaking沉默的;不出声的；无声的H7T1
silent： a Zoofc 〇/ mute appeal 默默请求的表情◊ 77ie child sat
mute in the comer 〇/ the room.这孩子坐在屋子 的角落里，一声不吭。2 (of a person 乂)
unable to speak 哑的 Hn dumb
騰 noun 1 (mws/c 音）a device made of
metal, rubber or plastic that you use to make the sound of a musical instrument
softer 弱音器 2 (oW-/35/7/o/7e£/) a
person who is not able to speak 哑巴
• verb [VN] 1 to make the
sound of sth, especially a musical instrument, quieter or softer, sometimes
using a mute消音；减音；减弱（尤指乐器）的声音：He muted the strings
with hispdm•他用手掌抹琴弦消音。
2 to
make sth weaker or less severe 减刼；& 解：She thought ft better to mute her cri’ricism/ &觉得还秦婉转地 提出批评比较好。TONE DOWN
'mute
button noun 1 a button on a
telephone that you press in order to stop yourself from being heard by the
person at the other end of the line (while you speak to sb else)(电话机上的）静音键 2 a button that you
press in order to switch off a television's sound (电视机上 的）静音按钮
■
Questions with have to are formed using do.带有 have to 的疑问句由 do 构成：Do the children have to
a 运子们必须绔制服吗？ In negative
sentences both must not and don’t
have to are used, but
with different meanings. Must not is used to tell somebody not to do
something..在莕途苟♦，.用 must not和don’t
have, to,但二者含义不同。must not用于. 舎诉某 A不要做某事：Passengers
must not smoke until 阶e s/gns
Mve teen w’fc/jed 〇开指承灯未時灾乏:前乘' ■客不许抽烟 D The
short form mustn’t is used especially
in 简约式 mustn’t
尤用于英国英语： y〇w wwsm’t /eflve 职fe open.你一考不要让大门敞幵、
着。Don’t have to is used when it is not necessary
to do something.表示没有名、婆做某事用'don’t have to: You don’t have
to pay for the tickets in advance.、你不必 预付票款。◊ She doesn’t have to work
at weekends.她 周末不用上班。
〇 note at need
Certainty 肯定
■
Both must and have
to are used
to say that you are certain about something. Have to is the usual verb used in NAmE and this is becoming more frequent
in 份f in'this meaning.肯定某事用'must.和 have to.均 可。have to通常用于北美英语中，在英国英语中也越
来越常用矛此义 n We
has fgof) fo fee 汸e wwst
actor on. 7V/他无疑是最糟糕的电视演员! ◊
r姑wwsf
& most partyever beer? fa.’(8rf)这无疑是我参 加过的最无ip的聚会。■丨f you
.are talk丨ng about the past, use must have•说过去的事用■ must
have:
y〇wr mp mwsf hove办een /⑽/你这次旅行一定很开
心吧！