H'NI Af^fi7ftfc&3Ai&o —see also flight path 3 a plan of action or a way of achieving sth ftzhifM; J&J# a career path 5RikiS{& o the path to success 53 A it Iiaai see beat v., cross v., lead1 v., primrose,

SMOOTH V.

path et ic /pa'0etik/ adj. 1 making you feel pity or sadness of 03; flfj&gtj;          HUH pitiful: a

pathetic and lonely old man pJ0 The starving children were a pathetic sight. tHf$03JLJlE#S2 A# $$ & 1# 03:1: ML o 2 (informal, disapproving) weak and not successful 36 A 03; AJ$;5303 BEEI feeble: a pathetic excuse ^    03 ft P 0 She made a pathetic

attempt to smile.       %<> o You’re pathetic!

ifc M H: $9 !          ► path-et-ic-al-ly /-kli/ odv. : He cried

pathetically.     0 a pathetically shy woman

pa thetic ‘fallacy noun [U, sing.] (in art and literature A ^ A ffl A) the act of describing animals and things as having human feelings MAifft (

pathfinder /'pa:0fainda(r); NAmE 'pae0-/ noun 1 a person, group or thing that goes before others and shows the way over unknown land 3TJ&A 2 a

person, group or thing that finds a new way of doing sth A ft; 'f PW71 trailblazer : The company is a pathfinder in computer technology. ^ w} H if ^ #1 &A033F&#O

patho- /‘pae08u; A/Amf -0ou/ combining form (in nouns, adjectives and adverbs £ is], A W is] ffl §!] is]) con­nected with disease      pathogenesis (= the

development of a disease) X M f/l $!) 0 pathophysiology

patho gen /'pae00d3an/ noun (technical A in) a thing that causes disease          ► patho gen ic /-'d3emk/ adj.

patho gen esis /.paeOa'dsemsis/ noun (medical HE) the way in which a disease develops         ; JAM

patho logic al /,paB0a'lDd3ikl; NAmE -'la:d3-/ adj. 1 not reasonable or sensible; impossible to control A 8 Hi 03; 3ciI803; 3EA}$Ttj|j03: pathologicalfear/hatred/ violence 368 ifr 03;©'R /‘jf'tS /#6r 0 a pathological liar (= a person who cannot stop telling lies) if 14 #

2                  caused by, or connected with, disease or illness

03;   A 03: pathological depression 03 8 fP

3                  (technical A if) connected with pathology ^8 A

03; S 03 pathologically /-kli/ adv.:

pathologically jealous AM^fI03

path olo gist /pa'0nlad3ist; NAmE -'0a:l-/ noun a doctor who studies pathology and examines dead bodies to find out the cause of death    ^ 8 ^

— compare medical examiner path-ology /pa'0nlad3i; NAmE -'0a:l-/ noun 1 [U] the scientific study of diseases $18 A 2 [C] an aspect of sb’s behaviour that is extreme and unreasonable and that they cannot control ; £3. A pathos /'pei0Ds; NAmE -0a:s/ noun [U] (in writing, speech and plays AM. i#i§ffl)$;$J) the power of a perform­ance, description, etc. to produce feelings of sadness and sympathy A 03 3j It

path-way /'pa:0wei; NAmE ‘pae0-/ noun = path pa-tience 0-w /'peijns/ noun [U]

1 ~ (with sb/sth) the ability to stay calm and accept a delay or sth annoying without complaining        & If

A: She has little patience with (= will not accept or consider) such views. M fitM.  ^ A 0 o People

have lost patience with (= have become annoyed about) the slow pace of reform. A f] A & A 03 *1 ft it ® BAAIttto 0 My patience is wearing thin. ffcll;5>IfA ftj, 0 I have run out of patience with her. jtffe EL A A It ft o 0 Teaching children with special needs requires patience and understanding.

Jlliflr      2 the ability to spend a lot of

time doing sth difficult that needs a lot of attention and effort Wifi; MS.; tl A: It takes time and patience to photograph wildlife, tfi $ & A $ t/ M # fe H lei, ^ W Wifi o O I don’t have the patience to do jigsaw puzzles.

3 {BrE) (NAmE solitaire) a card

game for only one player MA%£,¥$■ ITOM1 see job,

try v.

pa tient 0-w /'peijnt/ noun, adj.

mnoun 1 a person who is receiving medical treatment, especially in a hospital  A ( A fa E |^ M

03 ) : cancer patients A 2 a person who receives treatment from a particular doctor, dentist, etc. ( EAi£ABI^f03 ) fW A: He’s one of Dr Shaw’s patients. -ffeji W IS-o 3 (grammar i£A) the person or thing that is affected by the action of the verb. In the sentence ‘I started the car’, the patient is car. M

4                  compare agent(6)

adj. ~ (with sb/sth) able to wait for a long time or accept annoying behaviour or difficulties without becoming angry W®bt> 03; iiS>It03: She’s very patient with young children.     W#'h0 0 You’ll just

have to be patient and wait till I’m finished. # K if >6' :«& V #   ♦ 1f # % b pa-tient ly adv.: She sat

patiently waiting for her turn, if & Sfe ^ M ^         3\

ifi0

patina /■ paetma; NAmE pa'tiina/ noun [usually sing.] 1 a green, black or brown layer that forms on the surface of some metals (

itM 2 a thin layer that forms on other materials; the shiny surface that develops on wood or leather when it is polished MM; (       ) A#: (figurative) He

looked relaxed and elegant and had the patina of success.

pat in ation /paeti'neijn/ noun [U, C] (technical A in) a shiny layer on the surface of metal, wood, etc.; the process of covering sth with a shiny layer ; A^

(&M. AUTO ) Jtm

patio /'paatiau; NAmE -ou/ noun (pi. -os) a flat hard area outside, and usually behind, a house where people can sit (     ) Mn, A-o: Let’s have lunch

out on the patio.

.patio 'door noun [usually pi.] (BrE) a large glass sliding door that leads to a garden or balcony ( 11

)fmmkn

pa tis serie /pa'tiisari/ noun (from French) 1 [C] a shop/ store that sells cakes, etc. nicjg 2 [U] (also pa-tis-series [pi.]) (formal) cakes HA

Pat Malone /.paet ma'laun; NAmE -loun/ noun IT»!71 on your Pat Ma'lone (AustralE, NZE, informal) alone; without anybody else #-<[!; fi i

pat ois /‘paetwa:/ noun (pi. pat-ois /-twa:z/) a form of a language, spoken by people in a particular area, that is different from the standard language of the country AW; ±i§; ±ilr

patri arch /'peitriaik; NAmE -a:rk/ noun 1 the male head of a family or community ( If ft ) ifeA,

H A compare matriarch 2 an old man that people have a lot of respect for     3 Patriarch

the title of a most senior bishop (= a senior priest) in the Orthodox or Roman Catholic Church ( AlEtfcjflA

xmi) ftt,

patri arch al /.peitri'aikl; NAmE -'airkl/ adj. 1 ruled or controlled by men; giving power and importance only to men I! A tp M 'I4 i ^ W: a patriarchal society 2 connected with a patriarch

5                  compare matriarchal

patri-arch-ate /'peitriaikat; NAmE -a:rk-/ noun (formal) 1 the title, position or period of office of a patriarch(3)

) 2 the area

governed by a patriarch(3) ) K

patri archy /'peitriaiki; /V>4mf -a:rki/ noun [c, U] (pi. -ies) a society, system or country that is ruled or controlled by men       MM);

— compare matriarchy

pa-tri-cian /pa'trijn/ od/'. (formal) connected with or typical of the highest social class £^103; ±f±A03 HTH aristocratic pa-tri-cian noun —compare

PLEBEIAN adj.(l)

patri cide /'paetrisaid/ noun [U, C] (formal) the crime of killing your father; a person who is guilty of this crime M, X IP ; K X % — compare fratricide, matricide,

PARRICIDE