per-ish-er /'periXa(r)/ noun {old-fashioned, BrE, informal) a child, especially
one who behaves badly 小病；.尤
指）淘气包，讨厌鬼
per-ish-ing /'perijirj/ adj. {BrE, informal) 1 extremely
cold 冰:冷的；酷寒的 RPITI
freezing： It's perishing outside/
^卜边冷极了。◊ I’m perishing/我都快冻死了！
2 [only before noun] {old-fashioned) used to show that you
are annoyed about sth 讨厌的；可恶的：I’ve had enough o/thispemhingjob/这讨厌的差事，我真受够了！
peri-stal-sis /.peri'staelsis/ noun [U] (biology the wave-like movements of the intestine, etc. caused when the muscles
contract and relax (■肠等的）懦动
peri-ton-eum /.perita'niam/ noun {pi. peri-ton-eums or peri-ton-ea /-'nid/)
{anatomy M) the membrane (= very thin layer of tissue) on the inside of the abdomen that covers the stomach and
other organs 腹膜
peri-ton-itis /.perita'naitis/ noun [U] {medical 医）a serious condition in
which the inside wall of the body becomes swollen and infected 腹膜炎 peri-win-kle /'periwirikl/ noun 1 [C,
U] a small plant that grows along the ground 蔓长春花 2
[C] = winkle A7. perjure /.p3:d3a(r);_ .p3:rd3-/ verfc [vn]〜yourself
(law #) to tell a lie in
court after you have sworn to tell the truth 作伪证；发假誓► per.jurer
/'p3:d3ara(r);
/V/Amf 'P3：rd3-/ noun
perjury /'p3：d30ri; NAmE 'p3：rd3-/ noun [U] {law W) the crime of telling a lie in court 伪证；伪誓；私证罪
perk /p3：k; NAmE p3：rk/ noun, verb mnoun (also formal per-quis-ite) [usually pi.]
something you receive as well as your wages for doing a particular job (工资之外的）l补贴，津贴，额外待遇：Perfcs (#ered by
the firm include a car and free health insurance. ^ 给予的额外待遇包括一辆汽车和免费健康保险。0(/^«7切- tive) Not having to get up early is just one of the
perks of being retired.不必早起只是退休生活的好处之一。
■
verb id；i;AVi ,perk 'up | ,perk sb^'up [informal) to
become or to make sb become
more cheerful or lively, especially after they have been ill/sick or sad (使）振
奋，活跃，快活 nnr?l
brighten ： He
soon perked up when his arrived•朋 k
一 来他就精神起来了。
,perk 'up | ,perk
sth*-'up {informal) to increase, or to
make stli increase in value, etc.上扬；增加；使;值：
Share
prices had perked up slightly by close of trading, 盘时砬价略有上扬。.perk sth—'
up to make
sth more interesting,
more attractive, etc.使竟有趣；使
更诱人 liven up： ideas for
perking up bland food 给无味的食品增添味道的主意
perky /'p3:ki; NAmE 'p3：rki/ adj. (perk-ier, perki.est) (/Vi/ormfl/) cheerful
and full of energy 高兴的；快洁昀；
精力充沛的.► perkhness [UJ per-lo-cu-tion
/.psila'kjuijn;
NAmE ,p3：rl-/ noun [U, C] {linguistics an act of speaking or
writing which has an action as its aim, but which does not itself perform that
action, fof example persuading or convincing 表.达 效果的言语行为:丨览引发行为为甘的，如劝说或说服）
►
per-lo-cu-tion-ary /.paila'kjuiXanari; NAmE ,p3：rl0'kju:- Janeri/ adj.
perm /p3：m; NAmE p3：rm/ noun, verb,
■
noun a way of changing the
style of your hair by using chemicals to create curls that last for several
months 卷发；烫发：to have a perm烫雩发
■
verb [VN] to give sb’s hair a perm 烫（发）：to have your hafr
permed 烫羃发◊ a:
shampoo/or permed hair 适用于
烫发的洗发液一 picture
〇 hair
perma-frost /'parmafrost; NAmE 'p3：rmafrD：st/ noun [U] [technical i#) a layer of soil
that is permanently frozen, in very cold regions of the world (_ 寒带）永為 .车磨,永冻澤
per-man-ence /'p3：manans; NAmE 'p3：rm-/ (also less frequent per-man-ency /-nansi/) noun [U] the state of lasting for a long time
or for all time in the future 永
久；持久性：ITie spoken word is
immediate but kipfcs permanence. 口头之.言便捷，但缺乏捂久性。◊ Wle. no longer talk of the
permanence of marriage.
人说婚姻要天地久j；。
per-man-ent
〇■» /_p3:manant; AMmf
'P3:rm-/ flt/y.， noun
| 1477 permissive
society
■
adj. lasting for a long
time or for all time in the future; existing all the time永久的；永恒的；长久的：a permcment job 固定工作◊ permanent sta#
固定职工◊ They are
now living together on a permanent basis, /(tfejn 现在决定长期同住,。◊ rhe accident has not done any permanent damage.那场事故没有造成什么永久性损伤。
〇 a permanent fixture (= a person or an
object that is always in a particular place)固-定于某处的人i_.员/东西
impermanent, temporary ► per-man-enMy
adv.
： The
stroke left his right side permanently damaged. 中风使他的右半身永久受损。◊ She had
decided to settZe permanency in France.她已经决定永久定居法国。
■
noun {old-fashioned, NAmE) = perm n.
,Peritianent Resident Card noun an official card that shows that sb from another
country is allowed to livie and work in Canada (加拿大.）永久倉民卡
.Permanent 'Undersecretary (also .Permanent
'Secretary) noun (in Britain) a person of high rank in the civil service, who advises a Secretary of State (英国）'常务次官一compare UNDERSECRETARY(l). .permanent 'wave noun {old-fashioned) = perm n. per-me-able /'p3；:miabl; A/Amf 'psirm-i ~ (to sth) {technical Tlti#) allowing a liquid or gas to pass through 可渗透的；可渗入的：The skin of amphibians
is perme- aWe to water.两栖动物的皮肤是透水的。◊ permeabZe
rocfcs 渗透性岩石EH3 impermeable ► per.mea.bH.ity /.paimia'bilati; NAmE ,p3：rm-/ noun [U] per-me-ate /'p3：mieit; NAmE 'p3：rm-/ verb (formal) 1 (of a liquid，gas, etc•液体、气体等）to spread to every part of
an object or a place 渗透；弥漫；扩散：[Vn] The smeH o/.Zeather
permeated the room.屋子—里弥漫着皮革 的气味。◊ [V mfnwater permeating through
the ground 渗入地下的_水 2 (of an idea, an influence, a feeling，etc.思想、影响、感4等）to affect every part of sth 感染；传播；扩散：[VN] a beHe/ that permeates aH Zevek o/society 深入社会层的看法
Dissatisfaction
among the managers soon permeated down to members 〇/the worfc/orce.管理人员&不满情绪
很快传染铪了全体职工。► per.me-ation /.psimPeiJn; NAmE ,p3：rm-/ noun [U] {formal) per-mis.sible /pa.misabl; par'm-/ •.〜（for sb) (to do sth) (formal) acceptable according to the law or a particular set of
rules 容许的；许可的：permiss出Ze ievek 〇/nitrates in wafer水中_酸盐含量的容许度◊ It is not permissible for
employers to discriminate on grounds 〇/age._资方|不得以年龄为由歧视职工。
per-ITlis-sion 〇tw /pa'mijn; NAmE^dr'm-l noun 1 [U] ~ (for sth) | ~ (for sb/sth) (to do sth) the act
of allowing sb to do sth, especially when this is done by sb in a position. of authority 准许；许可；批准：Ybu must ask
permission for all major expenditure. —MS 大开支_须报请批准。◊ 77ie schooi has been re_/^ed
permission to expand•幸校扩充未得到许可^ o No official permission
has been given for the event to take pZace.这项活动未得到正式批准，不能进行。◊Shetoofc the car
without permission.她未经许可檀自使用了.汽 秦。：◊ poems reprinted by
fcfnd permission 〇/ the author经作者慨然许可后重印的诗歌◊ (/iomjfl/) With
your permission, J’d Hfce to say a/evv words.如蒙允许，我想讲
几句>话..。2 [C, usually pi.] an official
written statement allowing sb to do sth. i年可证；书面许可：The publisher is
responsible for obtaining the necessary permissions to reproduce 1‘Hustmrions.出版者负责取得准予复制插图的
必要许可文件。一 see also planning
permission per-mis-sive /pa'misiv; NAmE par'm-/ adj. allowing or showing a freedom of behaviour that many
people do not approve of, especially in sexual matters 成.任的；纵 容的；姑息的；（尤指两性关系）放纵的：permissive
attitudes 纵容的态度.◊.permissive parents (= who allow
their children a lot of freedom)威任的父母.►
per-mis- sive-ness noun [U]
the per, missive so'ciety noun [sing.] (often disapproving) the changes
towards greater freedom in attitudes and behaviour that happened in many
countries in the 1960s and 1970s, especially the