used when testing new drugs ( A ^ [%An ff m 3c W lft)£»J;   the placebo

effect (= the effect of taking a placebo and feeling better)

place card noun a small card with a person’s name on it, placed on a table to show where they are to sit ( ^

m&m)i£&f

placed /pleist/ adj. [after noun] (Br£) (of a horse, in a race finishing among the winners (usually second or third) = %

placeholder /'pleishaulda(r); NAmE -hould-/ noun 1 (technical A ill) a symbol or piece of text which replaces sth that is missing ( #ft$feAnft7(ft )

Afv/AA 2 (linguistics iKW) an item which is necessary in a sentence, but does not have real meaning, for ex­ample the word ‘it’ in ‘It’s a pity she left’ ( 7177 It’s a pity she left 7 ft) it ) 'place kick noun (in rugby and American football

a kick made by putting the ball on the ground first 77^

place-man /'pleisman/ noun (pi. -men /-man/) (BrE, disapproving) a person who is given an official position as a reward for supporting a politician or government

)

' place mat noun a mat on a table on which a person’s plate is put HcW-S

place ment /'pleismant/ noun 1 [U] the act of finding sb a suitable job or place to live ( M A (ft )

: a job placement service ik ft £§         0 placement

with a foster family £ g III W # M M 2 (also 'work placement) [U, C] (BrE) a job, often as part of a course of study, where you get some experience of a particular kind of work ^ Ifp; % ^        : The third year is spent

on placement in selected companies.  I

7] S % o 0 The course includes a placement in Year 3. jSIg 3       &g Ho — compare internship(I),

work experience(2) o note at job 3 [u] the act of placing sth somewhere ( #ftj )      M&: This

procedure ensures correct placement of the catheter, jkX — see also advanced

PLACEMENT, PRODUCT PLACEMENT

' placement test noun a test which is designed to find the appropriate level for students in a course or programme of study ( i$j§.^(ft ) place name noun a name of a town or other place

placenta /pla'senta/ (usually the placenta) noun (anatomy $?) the material that comes out of a woman or female animal’s body after a baby has been born, and which was necessary to feed and protect the baby

BP AFTERBIRTH

pla-cen-tal /pla'sentl/ adj. 1 (medical g) of or related to the placenta      2 (biology 7) having a placenta

W)3n;&(ft; placental mammals

'place setting noun a set or an arrangement of knives, forks and spoons, and/or plates and dishes for one person ( #t—AfliftJ ) —

pla cid /'plaesid/ adj. 1 (of a person or an animal Ai&^l $}) not easily excited or irritated Mft) (ft; 7fD (ft; jcM ftj: a placid baby/horse £ # ftj ® J L; R (ft ^ 033 high-spirited 2 calm and peaceful, with very little movement A#(ft; 7#ftJ; 5£JI(ft tranquil the placid waters of the lake 7 ft (ft '/$ 7jC ► pla cid ity /pla'sidati/ noun [U] pla cid ly adv. pla cing /'pleisirj/ noun the position of sb/sth in a race or a competition or in a list arranged in order of success  : He needs a high placing in today’s

qualifier to reach the final. £7M(ft^l&#71 ifai&MW

pla giarism /'pleid3arizam/ noun [U, C] (disapproving) an act of plagiarizing sth; sth that has been plagiarized 3' 3§ ; 10 U.; m U pp : There were accusations of plagiarism. ^ W il Pk 7 m U ftJ Jb ^° 0 a text full of plagiarisms        XM pla-giar-ist /'plei-

d3arist/ noun

pla-giar-ize (BrE also -ise) /'pleid3araiz/ verb (disap­proving) to copy another person’s ideas, words or work

and pretend that they are your own fPJU; iPM: [VN] He was accused of plagiarizing his colleague’s results. #>

wsovi

plague /pleig/ noun, verb

m noun 1 (also the plague) [U] = bubonic plague : an outbreak of plague H ^ (ft ‘M % 2 [C] any infectious disease that kills a lot of people At(ftHTl EPIDEMIC: the plague ofAWS

3 [C] ~ of sth large numbers of an animal or insect that come into an area and cause great damage (

IfrU: a plague oflocusts/rats, etc.      KB see avoid

                  verb [VN] ~ sb/sth (with sth) 1 to cause pain or trouble

to sb/sth over a period of time •••     (ft$tW

(jSLMM ); Sit; #f0; Mli EEE1trouble: to be plagued by doubt fj$£jsO Financial problems are plaguing the company.        & A A 7

#5 0 0 The team has been plagued by injury this season.

2toannoysbor

create problems, especially by asking for sth, demand­ing attention, etc. &)H; MB; Mit HU hound: Rock stars have to get used to being plagued by auto­graph hunters,

plaice /pleis/ noun [C, U] (pi. plaice) a flat sea fish that is used for food & ( -# [ft tb g MM. )

plaid /plaed/ noun 1 [U] a type of thick cloth with a pattern of lines and squares of different colours and widths, especially a tartan pattern     %% 2 [C]

a long piece of plaid made of wool, worn over the shoulders as part of the Scottish national dress )

Plaid Cymru /.plaid ‘kAmri:/ noun [U+sing./pl. v.] (from Welsh) a Welsh political party which wants Wales to be an independent state M^±g^±X^( ±

)

plain On /plem/ adj., noun, adv.

                  adj. (plain-er, plain-est) 1 easy to see or understand

$£$];      J;    HT1 CLEAR: He made it plain

that we should leave, jfe B[] M ^ m    jl'l ^ Jf«, 0 She

made her annoyance plain.        o The facts

were plain to see. f    JE0 0 It was a rip-off,

plain and simple, j&ji—m , o note at clear 2 not trying to trick anyone; honest and direct The plain fact is that

nobody really knows.         i&^AJfiETISo o

a politician with a reputation for plain speaking i# if ]§;$# 7c> note on next page 3 not decorated or complicated; simple 7^ H tfc (ft ; ih %

a plain but elegant dress

0 plain food       0 The interior of the church was

plain and simple.      0 plain yogurt

(= without sugar or fruit)  —compare fancy

adj.( 1),(2) 4 without marks or a pattern on it ^ (ft; ft : covers in plain or printed cotton l$7P7£(ftj|[/iJ 0 Write on plain paper (= without lines).

o 5 [only before noun] used to emphasize that sth is very ordinary, not special in any way M W M (ft; Y'ift (ft;  nm everyday : You don’t need

any special skills for this job, just plain common sense, jk

6                  (especially of a woman X fe ft A) not beautiful or

attractive M3ft7-7-(ft; A^'fefft 7 describing a simple stitch used in knitting (       ) 7ft(ft, 7^t(ft plain­

ness noun [U] ITTI?71 be plain sailing (US also be clear sailing) to be simple and free from trouble M^iJ; —(fed Ml® in plain ‘English simply and clearly expressed, without using technical language ^]7fi (ft S ift (

7                  ) (as) plain as a pikestaff I (as) plain as day I (as) plain as the nose on your face very obvious

m -g7£$; Ml

mnoun (also plains [pi.]) a large area of flat land 71^: the flat coastal plain ofThassos $s^^&7fflfft^]$7M o the Great Plains JI:||^HA7li

                  adv. (informal) used to emphasize how bad, stupid, etc.

sth is ( #] 7) flflL,       plain stupid/wrong