policing /pa'lirsir)/ noun [u] 1 the activity of
keeping order in a place with police (
A: community policing 2 the activity of
controlling an industry, an
activity, etc. to make sure that people obey the rules ( )
fa, &£•
policy O-w/'polasi; NAmE'pa:!-/ noun {pi. -ies)
1
[C, U] ~ (on sth) a plan of action agreed
or chosen by a
political party, a business, etc.
fl&H; the present
government’s policy on education 0
The company has adopted a firm policy on shoplifting.
o We
have tried
to pursue a policy of neutrality. f§f]
ti fa A.(frilfcM „ 0
a policy document ilk W 3t fa 2 [C, U] (formal) a principle that you
believe in that influences how you behave; a way in which you usually behave
JH1(J; A A AM: She is following her usual policy of ignoring all
offers of help.
Miitf#
aaw-irjsM;-
il, 0 (saying) Honesty is the best policy. MA A0 3 [C] a written statement
of a contract of insurance $ P& : Check the terms of the
policy before you sign.
mm
pol icy hold er /'pnlasihaulda(r); NAmE 'pailasihoul-/ noun (formal) a person or group that
holds an insurance policy )
polio /'pauliau; NAmE 'poulioo/ (also formal poliomy-el- itis /.pauliau.maia'laitis; NAmE .pouliou-/) noun [U] an infectious
disease that affects the central nervous system and can cause temporary or
permanent paralysis (= loss of control or
feeling in part or most of the body) AJUK#f$E
polish 0-w /'pnlij; NAmE 'pa:l-/ noun, verb m noun 1 [U, C] a substance
used when rubbing a surface to make it smooth and shiny Alr'J; ± A:^J; %%
Ifij : furniture/floor/shoe/silver
polish ;
fgAlf'J
o wax
polish %jtit
— see
also French polish, nail polish 2 [sing.] an act of
polishing sth Mfb; A A; I give it a polish now and
again.
SI'Sso 3 [sing.] the shiny appearance of sth after it
has been polished fa Ji(
A (ft ffi
H77l lustre, sheen 4 [U] a high quality of performance
achieved with great skill ( ^jf|£ft ) tcM,
HT7I brilliance: She played the cello with the polish of a much older
musician. jtibPJr M#(ft
5
[U] high standards of behaviour; being polite jt % ;
tfcH; qn 8A ; Em refinement
fTSTifll see spit n.
mverb 1 ~ sth (up) (with sth) to make sth
smooth and shiny by rubbing it with a cloth, often with polish on it ® it: [VN] Polish shoes regularly to
protect the leather. IM
fe & & ¥ „ o He polished his
glasses with a handkerchief. [also V]
—
see also French polish 2 [VN] ~ sth (up) to make changes to sth
in order to improve it f|£ gfc; $f] ffr; iPl :
The
statement was carefully polished and checked before release. 0
The hotel has polished up its act (= improved its
service) since
last year, TM&ZJc
f o HTiTiFl .polish sb~ off (informal,
especially NAmE) to kill sb A If; .polish sth^off (informal) to finish sth,
especially food, quickly fliflHI ft: He polished off the remains of the
apple pie.
polished /'pdIiJA NAmE 'pa:l-/ adj. 1 shiny as a result of
polishing BQG3 gleaming
2
elegant, confident and/or highly skilled
fa S (ft; 5$ $J.$J BOG] fine
pol ish er /'pDliJafc); NAmE ‘pail-/ noun a machine for polishing
sth ±aM; faitfll: a floor polisher
MAAtfl
Politburo /'pDlitbjuarau; NAmE 'pailitbjurou/ noun (pi. -os) the most important
committee of a Communist party, with the power to decide on policy ( AM^fft )
polite Onw/pa'lait/
adj. (po-liter, po litest) l!NBJ More polite and most
polite are also common. * more polite ft! most polite
3
having or showing good manners and respect
for the feelings of others WILIKl; ‘&HW.J; IS S ift Em courteous : Please be polite to our guests, if f L If
o We were all too polite to object. ffeflfMcW
%7, iftfr Jg./A gsua impolite 2 socially correct but not always sincere
& SH ; *1 A fa ; tr $ : I don’t
know how to make polite conversation. fSc
A #£
/A
tfl if o o The performance was greeted with polite
applause.
& m ft A % 3\ 7AI£fa(ft#: P „ 3 [only before noun] from a class of
society that believes it is better than others A#?t7±A(ft ■. ‘Bum’ is not a word we use
in polite company. “JgflT ASAiftffiifclft
► politely adv. polite-ness noun [U] politesse /.pnli'tes; NAmE ,pa:l-/ noun [u] (from French, literary) formal politeness JEM^LA politic /'pDlatik; NAmE 'pari-/ adj. (formal) (of actions >j)
based on good judgement il \% $)\
Fm prudent, wise : It seemed politic to say nothing. — see also body politic political 0-w /pa'litikl/ adj.
1
connected with the state, government or
public
affairs ifcin&A a monarch without
political power jXA#A 0 He was apolitical
prisoner (= one who was put in
prison because he was thought to be harmful to the state), life f! J1A in fE 0
2
connected with the different groups
working in
politics, especially their
policies and the competition between them a# % [ft ; : a political debate/
party/leader ®: ?£ / % W. / 0 What are your
political sympathies? #iAl^]®P A®C^? 3 (of people A) interested in or
active in politics AASA
: She became very political
at university. A^ $ M A ^ o 0 Em not a political
animal
(= person who is interested in politics). A ft Vn
^J3P# Ao 4 concerned with power,
status, etc. within an organization, rather than with matters of principle A$.Tf f >J 6t!; KMr3\ : I
suspect that he was dismissed
for political reasons. W M. it W M M Ji A ♦ ± W if S 0
— see also politically
political action committee noun (abbr. PAC) (in the
m, )
political a’sylum noun [u] (formal) = asylum(I) political correctness noun [u] (sometimes disapproving) the principle of
avoiding language and behaviour that may offend particular groups of people ±iE5ft ( ffilMffl/l): political e conomy noun [u] the study of how
nations organize the production and use of wealth 11
political ge'ography noun [u] the way in which the
world is divided into different countries, especially as a subject of study
pol it ic ally o-w /pa'iitikli/ adv. in a way that is
connected with politics i$t f0, i:: a politically sensitive issue -A^/p 0 politic
ally motivated crimes ik A fp o It makes sense politically
as well as economically. & /E $r ±ffl ® ip A fj
politically cor'rect adj. (abbr. PC) used to describe
language or behaviour that deliberately tries to avoid offending particular
groups of people jp Ali W
()
politically incor'rect adj. failing to avoid
language or behaviour that may offend particular groups of people gc^AAIHiil^ (
MtilOkUZn
) political
'science (also
pol-it-ics)
noun [U] the study of
government and politics tfAAA political scientist noun an expert in political
science