the end of the year, f j M H:rjr H ]& ££ 7^ ₀- o Production

of the new aircraft will start next year.

if Bfj ip. ft ₀ o The car went out of production in 2002.

2002 0 production costs

0 a production process ft 7^ 1.7f — see also mass production at mass-produce 2 [U] the quantity of goods that is produced 7* M: a decline/an increase in production /±ft 0 It is important not to let

production levels fall. S^6tlJik£ijit7^feAi^!Mo 3 [U] the act or process of making sth naturally ( j| ffft)' ft Tf ',' ft : drugs to stimulate the body’s production of hormones 4 [C, U] a film/

movie, a play or a broadcast that is prepared for the public; the act of preparing a film or a play, etc. { ^

m, Miji£r«gw ) ±m, ±m, it#, ujff: a

new production of ‘King Lear’ fr ffl ft > 0 He

wants a career in film production.

ITS3771 on production of sth (formal) when you show sth ) : Discounts only on production of your student ID card.

pro duction line (also as sembly line) noun a line of workers and machines in a factory, along which a product passes, having parts made, put together or checked at each stage until the product is finished ftft ft; Cars are checked as they come off

the production line. ftft. fft/'^;££ftft|J

pro'duction number noun a scene in a musical play or a film/movie where a lot of people sing and dance

productive /pra'dAktiv/ adj. 1 making goods or growing crops, especially in large quantities ft,'ft ;

( it fa ) ^ftfi§: highly productive farming land Mf* fg EH 0 productive workers jSj A PnT3 unproductive 2 doing or achieving a lot ; IWJt

SZO fruitful: a productive meeting ft^ i% 0 My time spent in the library was very productive. Uc Yc M 45ft W, H I'll fSft4jjt %£o — compare counterproductive 3 ~ of sth (formal) resulting in sth or causing sth 31^5; : a play productive of the

strongest emotions ► pro-duct-ive-

ly adv._: to use land more productively MYlJkMMFB ±i& 0 It’s important to spend your time productively. Hie W

prod-uct-iv-ity /.prodAk'tivati; NAmE ,pra:d-; .proud-/ noun [U] the rate at which a worker, a company or a country produces goods, and the amount produced,

SYNONYMS

product

goods ♦ commodity ♦ merchandise ♦ produce ♦ wares

These are all words for things that are produced to be

product a thing that is produced or grown, usually to be sold ftUJia^^ftfHjft nci: to create/develop/launch a new product 6'liit / Jf^:& / liftfrftm goods things that are produced to be sold %

[Si: cotton/leather goods ffjftK / o electrical

goods f&flM

commodity (economics) a product or raw material that can be bought and sold, especially between countries iKI M nn: rice, flour and other basic commodities ffi#fn£ftfe3S*M merchandise [U] goods that are bought or sold; things that you can buy that are connected with or advertise a particular event or organization taltitSK [Si, ft ft tSi: official Olympic merchandise

GOODS OR MERCHANDISE? ^ goods 2ES merchandise ? Choose goods if the emphasis is on what the product is made of or what it is for. WK

goods: leather/household goods ftft n" ; W&fftm Choose merchandise if the emphasis is less'on the product itself and more on its brand or the fact of

1581 professed

compared with how much time, work and money is needed to produce them ft $; $£ $; high/

improved/increased productivity M / $1 ft 7 W T

ft ft 4s 0 Wage rates depend on levels of productivity.

f&r

.product 'placement noun [U, C] the use of particular products in films/movies or television programmes in order to advertise them 7* ( ^Tr^g&illfn^EEk

s )

Prof* abbr. (in writing) Professor ( ) ifcS:

Prof. Mike Harrison SH •

prof /prof; NAmE pra:f/ noun (informal) = professor: a college profX^&ik

pro-fane /pra'fein/ adj., verb

m adj. 1 (formal) having or showing a lack of respect for God or holy things ^ iM M. #J ; M 5Hi : profane language $6 _h # (K) in § 2 (technical ft H) not connected with religion or holy things ft ; tttf§

(Hj HTfl secular : songs of sacred and profane love IK

■ verb [VN] (formal) to treat sth holy with a lack of respect

pro-fan ity /pra'faenati; NAmE also prou'f-/ noun (pi. -ies) (formal) A [U] behaviour that shows a lack of respect for God or holy things 2 [C, usually pi.]

swear words, or religious words used in a way that shows a lack of respect for God or holy things ( M S £KJ ) TfL5£ifl : He uttered a stream of profanities.

pro-fess /pra'fes/ verb (formal) 1 to claim that sth is true or correct, especially when it is not [VN] She still prof esses her innocence. i B/6

^ ₀ o [V to inf] I don’t profess to be an expert in this subject. fl & fl M ₀ 2 to state openly

that you have a particular belief, feeling, etc. //: Jf ^ declare : [VN] He professed his admiration for their work. 0 [VN-ADJ]

She professed herself satisfied with the progress so far. M M ^ M @ t\if jiftltfK/i.to 3 [VN] to belong to a

particular religion f| ft fP ( ■'mYl ) : to profess

Christianity/Islam/Judaism ft # M H ^ ^ |Sc /It

professed /pra'fest/ adj. [only before noun] (formal) 1 used to describe a belief or a position that sb has

buying/selling it.

merchandise.,

produce [U] things that have been grown or made, especially things connected with farming

: We sell only ftesh local produce. f11R fff ffe W U'r Hf ^ & ₀

wares things that sb is selling, especially in the street or at a market t fd'J' 1^ $ rffffi.‘l! ft fi^:Jtlm:

street traders displaying their wares ffiWMw ITPYil Wares is used about people in the past who travelled from town to town selling things; when used in a modern context it can suggest that sb is trying to persuade people to buy sth that has not much value.

* wares ftM icfa d'M,$£& $n?i > ftSftft-fi

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS

* to sell/market/export a product/goods/a commodity/ merchandise/produce/your wares

■ to buy/purchase a product/goods/a commodity/ merchandise/produce/sb’s wares

■ household products/goods/commodities/wares

si consumer/industrial products/goods/commodities

* dairy/farm products/produce

■ luxury products/goods/commodities

a range of products/goods/commodities/merchandise/ wares