properly speafcfng (=
.really), a science.'严格地说，这门
学科不是科学。
.proper
'noun (also
.proper 'name) noun (grammar ^ 法)a word that is the
name of a person, a place，an institution, etc. and is written with a
capital letter, for example Tom, Mrs Jones, Rome, Texas, the Rhine, the White Wowse专有名词（人、地、机构等的名称）一compare
ABSTRACT NOUN, COMMON NOUN
prop-er-tied /'prupatid;
NAmE 'praipartid/ adj. [only before noun] {formal) owning property,
especially land ^
财产的；（尤指）有地产的
prop-erty /'propati;
A/A/r?f'praiparti/ noun [pi. -ies)
1
[U] a thing or
things that are owned by sb; a possession or possessions 所有物； 财产； 财物： This
buiidfng is government property.这座关楼是焱命的财产。◊ Be care/W not to damage other peopZe’s property. /J、心另损
及别人的财物。一see also INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY, lost property, public property 2 [U] land and buildings 不动产；房地产：77ie price 〇/ property has risen
enormously.房地产的价格大_上升j。◊ property prices房地产价格◊ a property
developer房地+开发侖
〇 note at building
3 [C] a building or buildings and the surrounding land房屋及院落；庄园；房地产： rhere are a Zot 〇/empty properties fn
the area•这个地区
有大量的闲置房地产。〇 note at building
4 ic，usually pi.] {formal) a quality or
characteristic that sth has -性质；特性：Compare the physical
properties 〇/ the two substances.比较一.下这两种物质的‘理特性。◊ a p〖ant with medicinal
properties 药用植物
proph-ecy /'profasi;
NAmE 'pra:f-/ noun {pi. -ies) 1 [c] a statement that
sth will happen in the future, especially one made by sb with religious or
magic powers 预言：
to
加用 a
prophecy (= make it come true)实现预言
2
[U] (formal) the power of being
able to say what will
happen in the future 预言能力：She was believed to have the o/prophecy.据揚她有预言的天賦。
proph-esy /'prDfasai;
NAmE '^ra:f-/ verb (proph-es-ies, proph.esy.ing，proph.es.ied，proph es-ied) to say what will
happen in the future (done in the past using religious or magic powers) 预告； 预言：[VN] to prophesy war 预言有战争◊ [V that] She prophesied
that she wouZd win a goW medai•她预言自己将贏得金牌。[also
V speech] prophet
/'profit;
NAmE 'pra:f-/ noun 1 [C]
(in the Christian, Jewish and Muslim religions) a person sent by God to teach
the people and give them messages from God (基督教、犹太教和伊斯兰教的）先知2 the Prophet [sing.] Muhammad, who
founded the religion of Islam —罕默德（伊斯兰教的创始人> 3 a person wh^ claims to
know what will happen in the future 预.言
家；预言者 4
〜（of sth) a person who teaches
or supports a new idea, theory, etc.倡导者；拥护者；鼓吹
者：William Morris was one of the early prophets of sociafcm.威廉•莫里斯是社会主义的早期传播者之一。
5 the Prophets [pi.] the name used for some
books of the Old Testament and the Hebrew Bible 《〈圣经〉 旧约》和《希伯来圣经》中的）先知书[031566〇〇〇1^/?. proph-et-ess
/'prDfites;
.prDfi'tes; NAmE 'praifates/ noun a woman who is a
prophet(l)，（3)，⑷女预言家；女倡
导者
proph*et*ic
/pre'fetik/
adj. (formal) 1 correctly
stating or showing what wili happen in the future i 确预言 的;.有预见的：Many 〇/ Ais
warnings proved prophetic. 他的许多警告都证明是有先之明的^ 2 like or connected
with a prophet or prophets 预言家的；像.预
言家的；似先知的：the prophetic books 〇} the Old Testa- ment《〈峯经,>' 旧约 >.先知书► proph.et.ic.al.ly
/pra'fetikli/
adv.
prophy-lac-tic /.profi'laektik; NAmE ,pra:f-/ adj., noun ■ ad/, (med/o?/ 医} done or used in
order to prevent a disease预防疾病的：prophylactic treatment病防性治疗 ►
prophy-lac-tioaMy /-kli/ adv. mnoun 1 (medical E) a medicine, device
or course of action that prevents disease预防性药物（或器具、措 施）2 /ormfl/) = condom(I)
prophy-laxis /.profi'laeksis;
NAmE ,pra:f-/ noun [U] {medical IM) action that is
taken in order to prevent disease (*病）预防
pro-pin-quity /pra'pirjkwati/ noun [U] (formal) the state of being
near in space or time (空间或时间上的 >
临 近，接近 HT71 PROXIMITY
pro-piti-ate /pra'pijieit/
verb [VN]
(formal) to stop sb from being
angry by trying to please them 使息怒 HT71
placate ： Sacrifices were made
to propitiate the gods. 人们供奉祭品以求神灵息怒。► pro«piti*ation /pra- .piJTeiXn/ noun [U]
pro-piti-atory /pra'pijiatri; NAmE -to:ri/ adj. {formal) intended to win back
the friendship and approval of an angry or aggressive person为和解的；为i回好感的； 安抚的：She saw the/fowers as
a propitiatory oj5ferfng. 在她看来，送花是主动和解的表示。
pro.pi.tious
/pr^pij^s/
<3办〜（for sth/sb) (/bm7c?/) likely to produce a successful result 吉利的；吉庆的；吉祥
的：ft was not a propitious rime to start a new business. 那不是营业开张的吉时佳日。：
pro-pon-ent /pre'paunant;
NAmE -'pou-/ noun ~ (of sth) {formal) a person who supports
an idea or course oiF action倡导者；支持者；拥护者EEd advocate
GRAMMAR
POINT语法说明
proportion
If
proportion is used with an
uncountable or a singular noun, the verb is generally singular.
*
proportion与不可数名词或单数名词连用时，动词一 般用 ¥数.• A proportion of the 丨and is used for flgr/cw/fwre. —部备土地作表甩。
If
the
proportion of is used with a plural countable noun, or a singular
noun that represents a group of people, the verb is usually singular, but with a
(large, small, etc.) proportion of a plural verb is often
used, especially in 6rf. * the proportion of 与复数可数名词或 单数集合名词连用时，动词通常为单数；但如果是a :(
large、small 等）proportion of,则常用复数动词，
\尤其在英国英语中The proport丨’on of sma丨Icars on Awer/cfl’s rofle/5 /s /ncrefls/Vjg.美轉公‘上小汽1 车的比 例在逐渐增加。o A high proportion of
five-year-olds /lave feefh //i poor cond/’f/’on.五岁儿童穿齿不健康的比
例高。
pro-portion *>■» /pra'porXn; NAmE-'poirXn/ noun
3
PART OF WHOLE'部分 1 [C+singjpl. v/.] a
part or share of a whole 部分,；份额：Water covers a large proportion of the eart/i’S su/face.水覆盖了地球表®的大部分。◊ loam is a soil with roughly equal proportions of clay,
sand and siZt•壤土是由大约等份的黏土、沙和粉砂合成的。OTTie proportion 〇/ reguZar
smokers increases with age.习惯吸 烟命人口比S随年龄的增长]^上升。〇4/1^办6「]?「0]70厂- tion
of Americans go on to higher education than is the case in Britain.美国人上大学的比例大宇英国。
4
RELATIONSHIP 关系 2 [U]〜（of sth to sth) the
relationship of one thing to another in size, amount, etc.比例；倍 数关系 ratio： The proportion of men
to women in the college has changed dramatically over the years. 年来，这个学院的男女学生比例出现了剧变。◊rhebo^c ingredients are limestone and clay in the
proportion 2:1. 基本成分是石灰石和黏土，比例为2:1。<>77ie room is very
long in proportion to (= relative to) its width.
间如长度比宽度大很多。3 [U，C，usually pi.] the
correct relationship in size, degree, importance, etc. between one thing and
another or between the parts of a whole 正确的比例；均衡；匀称：Vou haven’t drawn
the/igures in the/oreground mproportion.你的前景人物画得不合
比例。◊ 77ie head is
out 〇/ proportion
with the body. 头知釦身体不成比例。◊ an impressive budding with /iine proportions 比枷，调的雄伟建邊物 OAbi/a^s
try to keep a sense of proportion (= of the relative
importance of different things)•应常记在心，事有轻重缓急之分0
SIZE/SHAPE
大小；形状 4 proportions [pi,] the measurements
of sth; its size an3 shape 面积； 体积； 规模；
程度：This method divides the task into more
manage-