(into sth/into doing sth) to say or do sth that you know will annoy sb so that they react in an angry way M  EWJ1 goad : [VN] The lawyer claimed his

client was provoked into acts of violence by the defendant.

M H A fa Ah Eft o 0 Be careful what you say—he’s easily provoked.        [also VN to

inf]

prov ost /'provast; NAmE 'prouvoust/ (also Provost) noun 1 (in Britain) the person in charge of a college at some universities (  2 (in the

US) a senior member of the staff who organize the affairs of some universities ( jlNi^&A^lft )

3 (in Scotland) the head of a council in some towns, cities and districts ( fr.ffifr.tf] ) i}j. fee . ., iKj£ — compare mayor(I) 4 the head of a group of priests belonging to a particular cathedral        #£[XA

prow /prau/ noun {formal or literary) the pointed front part of a ship or boat ISA

prow-ess /'prauas/ noun [u] (formal) great skill at doing

sth # Ji & f£; k fi W ft ~k; it it: academic/sporting prowess

prowl /praul/ verb, noun

m verb 1 (of an animal tfatyj) to move quietly and carefully around an area, especially when hunting Hffir (

# ) : [V, usually +adv./prep.] The tiger prowled through the undergrowth.    [also VN] 2 to

move quietly and carefully around an area, especially with the intention of committing a crime l&fj (^1 fr $1^ ) :       [V, usually +adv./prep.] A man was seen

prowling around outside the factory just before the fire started.   W A# i!l

SHAo [also VN] 3 to walk around a room, an area, etc., especially because you are bored, anxious, etc., and cannot relax ( HAP, 4&8Mf;).flM®, AAAA: [VN] He prowled the empty rooms of the house at night, $£ a,   [alsoV +adv./prep.]

m noun ITSY^n (be/go) on the prowl (of an animal or a person A        moving quietly and carefully, hunting

or looking for sth M M'if ff ( III t$ fr ifc ) : There was a fox on the prowl near the chickens.

0 an intruder on the prowl

AlftA . ,

prowl er /'praula(r)/ noun a person who follows sb or who moves around quietly outside their house, espe­cially at night, in order to frighten them, harm them or steal sth from them ( g|i$A$llft ) Jjfrcw prox imal /'prnksimal; NAmE 'pra:k-/ adj. (anatomy ft?) located towards the centre of the body iSi^Eft; Jfffc

proximate /’proksimat; NAmE 'pra:k-/ adj. [usually before noun] (technical A ill) nearest in time, order, etc. to sth (itfiBj/ )m%) mm&m, proximity /prok'simati; NAmE pra:k;-/ noun [U] r (of sb/sth) (to sb/sth) (formal) the state of being near sb/$th in distance or time ( N'|b[^$|0] ) feiS,   iti£:

a house in the proximity of (= near) the motorway ifi A fft — Ilf O The proximity of the college to London makes it very popular. &0r^l^Hfli£f£ifcMiir 0 0 The area has a number of schools in close proximity to each other.

0 the death of two members of her family in close prox­imity        ia H tflffi1^. A#

proxy /'proksi; NAmE 'prarksi/ noun (pi. -ies) 1 [U] the authority that you give to sb to do sth for you, when you cannot do it yourself ftJIfX; ft^XfX: You can vote either in person or by proxy.        SUsJcif Aft

$L o a proxy vote ^ItfeAftftW^ 2 [C, U] ~ (for sb) a person who has been given the authority to represent sb else ft 3-A; AS: ft A; ft^t: Your proxy will need to sign the form on your behalf. fftftjftfl Aff^ft^ffcft^ o She is acting as proxy for her husband. M jiftMA AEftft^to O They were like proxy parents to me. fMl ft iW If] X #o 3 [C] ~ for sth (formal or technical A if) something that you use to represent sth else that you are trying to measure or calculate ( fl] W ft] Eft ) ft; ##J, fafe: The number of patients on a doctor’s list was seen as a good proxy for assessing how hard they

I 1597

mtf)°iMffiB0

Prozac™ /'praozaek; NAmE 'prou-/ noun a drug used to treat the illness of depression Wtttf, ifcSXMHiTCfri jtpfftf'j •) : She’s been on Prozac for two years. Ms UK If ttWBISfMPT o

prude /pru:d/ noun (disapproving) a person that you think is too easily shocked by things connected with

sexA^MlfEftA;

pr u dent /’pruidnt/ adj. sensible and careful when you make judgements and decisions; avoiding unnecessary risks iif|| Eft; ffS fill; fit Uft Eft: a prudent businessman ft BftE&ft! A o a prudent decision/investment ^tHEftA/E! / S ^ 0 jIt might be more prudent to get a second opinion before going ahead, ff $ £ lift A — -F ^    M*

ISo FTJ3 imprudent ► prudence /-dns/ noun [U]

0                  note at care pru dent ly adv.

prud-ery /'pruidari/ noun [u]- (formal, disapproving) the attitude or behaviour of people who seem very easily shocked by things connected with sex -$'(’£&iftiSji:

(m?*)-(wm.

prud-ish /'pruidij/ adj. (disapproving) very easily shocked by things connected with sex     ) A

f&tt i ii M I0 ft , fk # W B0G3 STRAIT-LACED

                prud-ish-ness noun [U] prune /pru:n/ noun, verb

mnoun a dried plum that is often eaten cooked stewed prunes M

m verb [VN] ~ sth (back) 1 to cut off some of the branches from a tree, bush, etc. so that it will grow better and stronger      ; fTfX: When should you prune apple

trees? A A M JSf        A IN"         ? o He pruned the longer

branches off the tree. i&Hjfe W.tfe-JSf # 7U 0 The hedge needs pruning back.    2 to make

sth smaller by removing parts; to cut out parts of sth Wt M,; f|!j M ; U# M : Staff numbers have been pruned back to 175.       3\ 175 A» O Prune out

any unnecessary details. fB jfe AM M A H ipN W«,

                prun-ing noun [U]: All roses require annual pruning.

o 0 The company would benefit from a little pruning here and there. A      'B'

mkr±0,

pruri ent /'pruariant; NAmE 'prur-/ adj. (formal, disap­proving) having or showing too much interest in things connected with sex Iff-fe (ft ; -T ff ; 'M M (ft > pruri­ence /-ans/ noun [U]

prur itus /pru'raitas/ noun [U] (medical S) a severe itching (,= the feeling that you want to scratch) that is felt on the skin in some diseases Prus-sian blue /.prAjn 'blur/ noun [u] a deep blue colour used in paints     M

pry/prai/ verb (pries, pry-ing, pried, pried /praid/) 1 [V] ~ (into sth) to try to find out information about other people’s private lives in a way that is annoying or rude ScUJf, fl R/f,        ( WM ) : I’m sick of you prying into

my personal life! fi A %#'J &     A fS! 0 I’m sorry.

1                   didn’t mean to pry.   A A M ^ ^j'J A 

O She tried to keep the children away from the prying eyes of the world’s media.  fr{\ ]|$.JFtttlf

@ Ao 2 (especially NAmE) = prise PS /,pi: 'es/ noun something written at the end of a letter to introduce some more information or sth that you have forgotten. PS is an abbreviation for ‘postscript’, pff m XA. ( A postscript, j% AflA ) : PS Could you send me your fax number again ? X R: if # fB M # M 0 She added a PS asking me to water the plants. ftfejfpT AjifW.?

psalm /sa:m/ noun a song, poem or prayer that praises God, especially one in the Bible ( «]£#£>    ) S

the Book of Psalms { <AJ4>

i#jl>

psal ter /'so:lta(r)/ noun a book containing a collection of songs and poems, (called psalms), with their music, that is used in a church

PSAT /,pi: es ei 'ti:/ noun (in the US) (the abbreviation for Preliminary Scholastic Aptitude Test) a test taken by