raster image processor noun (computing it) 1 a device or piece of
software that changes text and images to a form in which they can be printed 光栅
图像处理器（或软件）（可将文本或图像转换为打印
形式）
ras-ter-ize {BrE also -ise) /'raestaraiz/ (also rip) verb [VN] {computing if), to change text or
images into a form in which they can be printed将（文本或图像）光栅化； 将…转换为打印形式
rat
/raet/
noun, verb
m noun 1 a small
animal with a long tail, that looks like a large mouse, usually considered a pest (= an animal which is disliked
because it destroys food or spreads disease)老鼠；耗子：rat poison 老鼠药一compare rug
rat 2 {informal, disapproving) an unpleasant person,
especially one who is not loyal or who tricks sb 讨厌的 人；卑鄙的小人；骗子IT»mi See SINK K, SMELL V.
■
verb (tt-) 'rat on sb (informal) to tell sb in
authority about sth wrong that
sb else has done 泄露 秘密；告密：Where J come 介om, you don’t mt on
your 在我的老家，谁都不出卖朋友。’raton sth^rf, informal) to not do sth that you
have agreed or promised to do 背弃做某事的诺言 H3ZI
renege: The government is accused of ratting on
its promises to the unemployed.政府被指责•失业者背信弃义。 rata opro rata
rat-arsed a办（8rf，s/fl/ig) extremely drunk 烂醉如泥的 rat-a-tat-'tat noun [sing.] = rat-tat rat-bag /'raetbaeg/ noun (BrE, slang) an unpleasant or
disgusting person讨厌的人；令人厌烦的人
ratchet 棘轮
ratchet /'raetXit/ noun, verb
m noun a wheel or bar with teeth along the edge and a metal
piece that fits between the teeth, allowing move- ment in one direction only (防止倒转的）棘轮，棘齿
■
verb .ratchet (sth)^'up to increase, or make
sth
increase, repeatedly and by
small amounts (使）逐渐 小幅增长：Overuse of credit
cards has ratcheted up consumer debt to unacceptobie ZeveZs.滥用信用卡使消舍
债务逐渐增加到了难以接受的地步。
I*at8 /reit/ noun, verb
u noun 1 [C] a measurement of the speed at which sth happens
逢度；进度：Most peopZe wa伙 at
an average rate o/5 fci〖ometres an hour.大奏数人步行的平均速度
为每 /]、时 5 公里。◊ The
number of reported crimes is increasing at an aZarmin^ rate.报警秦件的数量正在以惊
人的速度增长。◊ Figures pubfehed today show another /aZZin t/ie rate
o/fn/totio/i.今天公布的数字表明通货膨胀
率又一次下降。◊ At the rate you work,
youli never _/iinish/以如工#的速度，你永远也做不完！，2 [C] a measurement
of the number of times sth happens or exists during a particular period 比率；率：Local businesses are .dosing at.a/the
rate 〇/ three: a year.地方企业正在 以每年三家的速度关闭。◊ a high/tovv/rising rate 〇/ unemp/oyment高/低/不断增长的_失业率◊的e annuaZ crime/divorce rate 年犯.罪 / 离婚率◊ His puke mfe dropped suddenly.他如牲^速率突然下降。◊ a high success/faflure rate 很嵩囟成功 /
失败.率 _ see
also birth rate, death rate 3 [C]
a fixed amount of money that is charged or paid for sth 价格；费用：adver-
ti5fng/fnsurance/p(wtai，etc. rates 广告费、保险费、邮
费等◊ a tow/high hourty rate o/pay按小时女付A低/ 高报酬◊ o#er special reduced rates /or
students•我 们分学生有特惠价 4。◊ a /ixed-rate mortgage (= one in which the amount of money
paid back each month is
1641 rate
fixed for a particular period)定额偿还按揭贷款◊ the basic rate of tax (= the lowest amount that is paid by everyone)—本税额◊
exchange/interest rates 汇幸；，利 ^
〇 rates of
exchange/interest Jfl $;利率一 see also BASE RATE, FLAT RATE,
RACK RATE 4 .rates [pi.] (in Britain) a tax paid by businesses to a local authority for land and
buildings that they use and in the past also paid by anyone who owned a house、（英国也方政府
征收的> A地产税，房产税一see also first-rate, second-rate,
third-rate IT»TO1 at 'any rate (informal) 1 used to say that a particular fact is true despite what has happened
in the past or what may happen in the future (强调事情的真实性)无论如何，不管怎样：WeH， that’s
one good piece 〇/ news at any rate.不管.怎么说，
这是.个好消息。◊ J may be away on business next weefc but at any rate be 6acfc by
Friday•我下周可能要逆.
;差，:但无论如何，我最晚星期五回来。2 used to show
SYNONYMS同义词辨析 rate
charge ♦ fee ♦
rent ♦ dues ♦ toll ♦ rental ♦ tariff
These are all words for an amount of money
that is charged or paid for sth.以各询均指所收嘁或付出的
费用。
rate a fixed amount of money that is asked or paid for sth指所索取或付出的价格、费用：a /ow rate 按小时i付的低报酬o/nteresf rafes利率
charge
an amount of money that is asked for goods
or services指商品或服务的美价、收费：an dm/ss/on charge人场费
fee {rather formal) an amount of money that you have to pay for professional advice or
services, to go to a school or college, or to join an organization 指专业服 务费、咨询费、‘费、会费：丨egal fees诉讼费◊ an ■annual
membership fee 年度会艮费
rent
an amount of money that you regularly have
to pay for use of a building or room 指房屋租‘
In
American English, rent can be used to mean rental. 在美国英语中，rent可用以表示rental (租金）： wee/c/y renf o/7 f/7e
car was over $200.这辆汽幸每周的
租金是200多元。:
dues an amount of money that you have to pay so that you can be a member of
an organization 指运缴
/会员费 ^
toll an amount of money that you have to pay to use a particular foad or
bridge 栺道路、桥#的通行费
rental
an amount of money that you have to pay to
use sth for a particular period of time 指租金v
RENT OR RENTAL?用 rent
还是 rental
?
In British English rent is only money paid to use a building or room: for other items use rental. In American English rent can
be used for both, but rental is
still more common for other items•在..英.国英■ 语中，rent只指房屋租金，,真他物品的租金用rental。 在美国英语中，rent可指以上两种租余，但指其他物品
的租金，rental仍然较通用。 tariff (rather forma/)
a list of fixed prices that are charged by a hotel or restaurant for rooms or
meals, or by a .company for a particular service 指旅馆、餐 馆或公司的服务价目表、'收费表
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS
■
to pay (a)
rate/charge/fee/rent/dues/toll/rental for/ on sth
■
to do sth at a rate/charge/fee/rent/rental of...
■
to do sth for a.charge/fee
n to pay
(a) rate/charge/fee/rent/dues/toll/rental
to charge (a) rate/fee/rent/dues/toll/rental