ravages /‘raevid3iz/ noun [pi.] the ~ of sth {formal) the destruction caused by sth ; © E ; kt if- : the ravages of war 7 (ft A 0 Her looks had not survived the ravages of time. MW#IPAt£7A7N'|B]#l

mm

rave /rerv/ verb, noun

* verb 1 ~ (about sb/sth) to talk or write about sth in a very enthusiastic way       ) ; ( $Vlf #sa

M )    [V] The critics raved about his perform­ance in ‘Hamlet’.        (tt <1ftMWm

A      [also V speech] 2 ~ (at sb) to shout in a loud

and emotional way at sb because you are angry with them P& u#; %% PJL:   [V] She was shouting and raving at

them.          IHM1A SiA OH,4 [also V speech] 3 ~ (at sb)

to talk or shout in a way that is not logical or sensible litlL; #] A il: [V] He wandered the streets raving at passers-by. \&&^± M, SR M A It lit <> [also V speech] 81^T?7I see rant

^ noun 1 (in Britain) a large party, held outside or in an empty building, at which people dance to fast electronic music and often take illegal drugs (    )

$E JX £ : an all-night rave M W £E 7 2 (NAmE)

= RAVE REVIEW

ravel /'raevl/ verb (-II-, US -!-) [VN] to make a situation or problem more complicated f Hi; fA II £# SI milii'iyj ravel sth~out to open sth which has become twisted or which contains knots Jf ( (ftAM ) ; ffl-Jf ■■■$]%£ 033unravel: (figurative) He was trying to ravel out the complicated series of events that had led to this situation.

raven /'reivn/ noun, adj.

sa noun a large bird of the crow family, with shiny black feathers and a rough unpleasant cry ( 73 % Hfe,

pjDHW )

a* adj. [only before noun] (literary) (of hair % g) shiny and black EUftEltt: raven-haired XAEUTi^lft raven-1 ng /■ raevamrj/ adj. (literary) (especially of animals it^^J^l) aggressive and hungry E<|®$J;

17 (Kj : He says the media are ravening wolves.

rav-en-ous /'rsevanas/ adj. 1 (of a person or an animal A ^ ij) extremely hungry ® A til 1$ (K) E523 starv­ing : What’s for lunch? I’m absolutely ravenous. Xl&ifc ff£.? ^ci^^ETo 2 [only before noun] (of hunger tHH^) very great 711 (ft; 7;7l$: a ravenous appetite ► rav-en-ous-ly adv.

raver /'reiv0(r)/ noun (BrE, informal) 1 (often humorous) a person who likes going out and who has an exciting social life     A; # XA # & fAiA ift A

2 a person who goes to raves #jjn$EXAI£z^A ,rave re'view (NAmE also rave) noun an article in a newspaper or magazine that is very enthusiastic about a particular film/movie, book, etc. j&lf 'rave-up noun (old-fashioned, BrE, informal) a lively party or celebration        $ if] 7J7H

rav-ine /ra'viin/ noun a deep and narrow valley with steep sides        033 gorge

rav-ing /'reivirj/ adj., adv.

& adj. [only before noun] 1 (of a person A) talking or behaving in a way that shows they are crazy $E ;

; jft&fRgg W: The man’s a raving lunatic. IP7B7;17iR AffelA#J;E7o 2 used to emphasize a particular state or quality ( ®t/§E4A^^ppIj§' ) : She’s no raving beauty.

to adv. fTSTfll (stark) raving mad/'bonkers (informal) completely crazy -HHftSE;  E

ravings /'rervirjz/ noun [pi.] words that have no meaning, spoken by sb who is crazy ; #WfiLi§: He dismissed her words as the ravings of a hysterical woman,

ravi oli /.raevi'aoli; NAmE -‘ouli/ noun [U] pasta in the shape of small squares filled with meat, cheese, etc., usually served with a sauce tcAAJA^1£ ( IAR7 #3B8 #M5,

ravish /'raevij/ verb [VN] (literary) 1 (of a man % f) to force a woman to have sex ® # ; *M tEr 033 rape 2 [usually passive] to give sb great pleasure 131 JEff;

ravishing /’rasviJTr)/ adj. extremely beautiful ©E7RR H33 gorgeous : a ravishing blonde 7 A & g iK g|5 ► rav-ish-ing-ly adv.: ravishingly beautiful raw 0-w /ro:/ adj., noun a adj.

                 FOOD frty) 1 not cooked X£l7    A^IHJ: raw

meat X® o These fish are often eaten raw.

Xfeo

                 MATERIALS $ 44 2 [usually before noun] in its natural state; not yet changed, used or made into sth else A £5

tW-XfrA    raw sugar WM

                 INFORMATION fjlj!1. 3 [usually before noun] not yet organ­

ized into a form in which it can be easily used or understood        A^tfrlft;     This

information is only raw data and will need further analysis.

4Wf.

                 EMOTIONS/QUALITIES [,-*/ >£ : ^ JA 4 [usually before noun] powerful and natural; not controlled or trained A^illl

fif W : songs full of raw emotion ftii     If

3ii ^ ft O He started with nothing but raw talent and determination.

                 PART OF BODY #{£#[7 5 red and painful because the skin has been damaged if It

: There were raw patches on her feet where the shoes had rubbed.          70^7IQ-o note at

PAINFUL

                 PERSON 6 [usually before noun] new to a job or an activity and therefore without experience or skill I#

a raw beginner

#Ji$f7 0 raw recruits (= for example, in the army) A£5

                 WEATHER X 7( 7 very cold : a raw

north wind          o It had been a wet raw winter.

                 DESCRIPTION 7 8 honest, direct and sometimes

shocking   ftlW: a raw portrayal of

working-class life      0 (NAmE) raw

language (= containing many sexual details)      W

► raw-ness noun [U] IT»Tfil a raw 'deal the fact of sb being treated unfairly A£r7&iJffi§;

Older workers often get a raw deal.

PJXA7Elft*ff7

mnoun PT7I77I catch/touch sb on the raw (BrE) to upset sb by reminding them of sth they are particularly sensi­tive about        AftJJSfch;  «n the 'raw

1 in a way that does not hide the unpleasant aspects of sth M ; 7fHe spent a couple of months on the streets to experience life in the raw. jfEIS 7 J17R WIalA7#,          2 (especially NAmE)

with no clothes on    033

naked — more at nerve n.

raw-hide /'roihaid/ noun [U] natural leather that has not had any special treatment 7A;

Rawl-plug1M /'roilplAg/ noun (also ’wall plug) (both BrE) (NAmE 'wall anchor) a small plastic tube, closed at one end, that you put into a wall to hold a screw m

w (mmmm)

,raw ma terial noun [C, U] a basic material that is used to make a product HR : VVe have had problems with the supply of raw materials to the factory.

1^14 (ftfv A- ffi IS 3\ At |h] M o 0 These trees provide the raw material for high-quality paper,  ® W i f ij it it M

o (figurative) The writer uses her childhood as raw material for this novel.

SP/MfcW*#.

ray /rei/ noun 1 a narrow line of light, heat or other energy        the sun’s rays

0 ultraviolet rays       o The windows were

shining in the reflected rays of the setting sun. it 7 ± |X] — see also cosmic rays, gamma rays at gamma radiation, X-ray 2 ~ of sth a small amount of sth good or of sth that you are hoping for (

7M 033 GLIMMER: There was