don’t know U 3S $1 A 31 0   ( J*L % 2 X ) 5 used in

questions and negative sentences when you want sb to say ‘no’ (

M ) : Do you really expect me to believe that?

; 0 7 don’t really need to go, do I?

6 used to express interest in or surprise at what sb is saying (

if ) : ‘We’re going to Japan next month.’ ‘Oh, really?’        “®, AM? ” o‘She’s

resigned.’ ‘Really? Are you sure?’ “ M5115 7 o ” > “ A 55 ? ##/E®(? ” 7 used to show that you disapprove of sth sb has done (      [rJ3S ABrA ) : Really,

you could have told us before. JCJI55, fft AftT A5fc

realm /relm/ noun 1 an area of activity, interest, or knowledge §5    in the realm of literature fEX

^ ^ ^        0 At the end of the speech he seemed to be

moving into the realms of fantasy. ijBf55ll fa , it iU 7 SAT0£j55i»ffeo 2 (formal) a country ruled by a king or queen 7 H H771 kingdom : the defence of the realm 3EIH 551557. ITTOl beyond/within the realms of possi­bility not possible/possible |g7/i£nJt£[S: A successful outcome is not beyond the realms of possibility.

,real 'number noun (mathematics W) any number that is not an imaginary number — compare com­plex NUMBER

real-poli-tik /rei‘a:lpDliti:k; NAmE -pa:l-/ noun [U] (from German) a system of politics that is based on the actual situation and needs of a country or political party rather than on moral principles ffl % iSc  in;

minm

'real tennis (BrE) (NAmE 'court tennis) (AustralE 'royal tennis) noun [U] an old form of tennis played inside a building with a hard ball  ( {£7 5jht55 IH

.real 'time noun [U] (computing if) the fact that there is only a very short time between a computer system receiving information and dealing with it % H : To make the training realistic the simulation operates in real time. A $ iill A ^   ^ N-fi1 55 o

real-time missile guidance systems Real-tor™ /'ri:alta(r)/ noun (NAmE) = estate agent realty /'riialti/ noun [U] (especially NAmE) = real es­tate^)

'real-world adj. existing in the real world and not specially invented for a particular purpose ff f£ T M ^ tti;A55; A :5c 55: Teachers need to prepare their students to deal with real-world situations outside the classroom.

ream /ri:m/ noun, verb

a noun 1 reams [pi.] (informal) a large quantity of writing AH: 55 A 7 (   ) : She wrote reams in the exam.

2 [C] (technical A iff) 500 sheets of paper A (  ^7 500 & )

m verb [VN] (NAmE, informal) to treat sb unfairly or cheat them       We got reamed on that deal.

w m % % n in ±-MTg « r „ mm .ream sb~ out

(NAmE, informal) to criticize sb strongly because they have done sth wrong flllA; A A; reani mate /rii'aemmeit/ verb [VN] (formal) to give sb/sth new life or energy jSJ 7 §t 85 7 55; l£ S fr A H

reap /ri:p/ verb 1 [VN] to obtain sth, especially sth good, as a direct result of sth that you have done JIM# '(. JEft A ) ; i|£$: They are now reaping the rewards of all their hard work. JJlf£, ftMn857SP7£*#IiJ 7 2 [V, VN] to cut and collect a crop, especially wheat, from a field i #J ( JEE M ) ; itft    harvest

reap a/the 'harvest (BrE) to benefit or suffer as a direct result of sth that you have done      7 IS.

HjH:;      you .reap what you ‘sow

(saying) you have to deal with the bad effects or results of sth that you originally started reap er /’ri:pa(r)/ noun a person or a machine that cuts and collects crops on a farm itfciR]#; iBtir!]#l — see also Grim Reaper

| 1651

re-appear /,ri:a'pia(r); NAmE -'pir/ verb [V] to appear again after not being heard of or seen for a period of time # ?A ttl M; S ,§[ fcb JJfi: She went upstairs and did not reappear until morning. ^, i3\W>—A¥M Alf/Aitffio re-appear-ance /-rans/ noun [U, sing.] reapply /.riia'plai/ verb (re-applies, re-apply-ing, re­applied, re-applied) 1 [VN] to put another layer of a substance on a surface        Sunblock

should be reapplied every hour.

—^5c0 2 [V] - (for sth) to make another formal request for sth Sfr^if;       $ i#: Previous applicants for the

post need not reapply. $ i# & & 7IR Ift 55 A A fr M §r ^ if 0    3 [VN] to use sth again, especially in a different

situation ( jt ^ ft |s] i| f ) # M ^ : Students are taught a number of skills that can be reapplied throughout their studies, illMlAH

re-appoint /.riia'point/ verb ~ sb (as) sth | ~ sb (to sth) to give sb the job that they used to have in the past

#cJlIRlft; ^[a]i!ji^^fft : [VN, VN-N] After the trial he was reappointed (as) treasurer. life 1$ It §t 13:55

re-appoint-ment noun [U]

re-appraisal /.riia'preizl/ noun [C, usually sing., u] the act of examining sth again to see if it needs to be changed ILfriTffr reassessment re appraise /.riia'preiz/ verb [VN] (formal) to think again about the value or nature of sth to see if your opinion about it should be changed filfriflf; £0f if If Hn REASSESS

rear /ria(r); NAmErir/ noun, adj., verb a noun 1 (usually the rear) [sing.] the back part of sth fs ft|5: A trailer was attached to the rear of the truck. AT 0 There are toilets at both front and rear of the plane. TfTltuJsMAiftAlsh o A high gate blocks the only entrance to the rear. — ^ A 55 H 7ii®/sffi55[li-'AP o c> note at back 2 (also .rear 'end) [C, usually sing.] (informal) the part of the body that you sit on !-]]£; HflTCI bottom: a kick in the rear

ilJ-TIl .bring up the 'rear to be at the back of a line of people, or last in a race if AM; M WfEi

madj. [only before noun] at or near the back of sth M 55; /5fciP55: front and rear windows jjuffi^Afuffi65®T1 o the rear entrance of the building A^55/5 lT » verb 1 [VN] [often passive] to care for young children or animals until they are fully grown fit #; AW; if A EYZ71 bring SB up, raise: She reared a family of five on her own. d-TAAISSTlf»          2 [VN] to breed or

keep animals or birds, for example on a farm is]A: to rear cattle A A 3 [V] ~ (up) (of an animal, especially a horse      AIb A) to raise itself on its back legs, with

the front legs in the air ^ /sMIICjl : The horse reared, throwing its rider.        4 [V]

(of sth large A 55 A H) to seem to lean over you, espe­cially in a threatening way ( AjaWWilfe )

The great bulk of the building reared up against the night sky. &AT, EA55A^&#^W55o E3EI sth rears its (ugly) 'head if sth unpleasant rears its head or rears its ugly head, it appears or happens ( i5‘K55¥ 'If ) f±J M , A A lu.ism 'rear sb/sth on sth [usually passive] to give a person or an animal a particular type of food, entertainment, etc. while they are young ()!■••) I A; (&-)&&, if A: I was the son of sailors and reared on stories of the sea. fk 7jc T- 55 J L T, Jt«MIH£A55o

.rear 'admiral noun an officer of very high rank in the navy  A#: Rear Admiral Baines J/l ®

'rear-end verb [VN] (informal, especially NAmE) (of a vehicle or driver        A) to drive into the back of

another vehicle ( tu A )

rear-guard /'riagaid; NAmE 'rirgaird/ noun (usually the rearguard) [sing.+sing./pl. v.] a group of soldiers that protect the back part of an army especially when the army is retreating after it has been defeated ftjTLlfPIA

Pina VANGUARD