ripple effect

1724

2 [V +adv./prep.] (of a feeling, etc. Hi jfc to spread through a person or a group of people like a wave A fit; M45: A gasp rippled through the crowd.            }f$dtZra

ripple effect noun a situation in which an event or action has an effect on sth, which then has an effect on sth else &iSS: His resignation will have a ripple effect on the whole department, fife E5J SI IK fl A A M A §[$ fj

rip-roaring adj. [only before noun] (informal) 1 noisy, exciting and/or full of activity I® |M (ft; Aff Eft;

(ft: a rip-roaring celebration )&A;(ft  2 ~ drunk

extremely drunk j^glfft 3 ~ success a great success g

Alft ( )

rip 'tide noun an area of fast rough water in the sea or a river, where two or more currents meet  ( AW

Rip Van Winkle /,rip vsen wirjkl/ noun a person who is surprised to find how much the world has changed over a period of time tfr ^ it Z A Hi I'J ^ if Eft A From the name of a character in a short story by the US writer Washington Irving. He sleeps for 20 years and wakes up to find that the world has completely changed. MSH EkJCfJrMM

M/Mft+WA**# a •■.$&£#, \kum 20

WHICH WORD?

rise ♦ raise

VerbsAJlH

a Raise is a verb that must have an object and rise is used without an object. When you raise something, you lift it to a higher position or increase it. f/jiS] raise f£, ffi rise     raise

45$145, HA, iajjP: He raised his head from the pillow. A          o We were forced to

raise the price. IkClttilHifto When people or things rise, they move from a lower to a higher position.     rise; She

rose from the chair. jt&Mf Tftt$i455|to o The helicopter rose into the air. JlA#lA-hT Rise

can also mean ‘to increase in number or quantity’.

* rise ±      : Costs are always

rising.

Nouns

a The noun rise means a movement upwards or an increase in an amount or quantity, ^is] rise A A, A45, ( f^itlft ) ±ffhil: a rise in interest rates Wlft±A In BrE it can also be used to mean an increase in pay.

Should I ask my boss for a rise? fkf&l?

In NAmE this is a raise.

raise AT: a three per cent pay raise Hf AA r. Eft A §r Rise can also mean the process of becoming more powerful or important. * rise j-fKoJ: his dramatic rise to power jtklft^$^$(.

nse /raiz/ noun, verb m noun

                 INCREASE iffjjn 1 [C] ~ (in sth) an increase in an amount, a number or a level ( ^iflfczk^Eft ) Jfini, HllS: The industry is feeling the effects of recent price rises. ff

o There has been a sharp rise in the number of people out of work. Aik A 2 [C] (BrE] (NAmE raise) an increase in the money you are paid for the work you do Mir;

Im going to ask for a rise.      0 He

criticized the huge pay rises awarded to industry bosses.

xmfhjdk^AiMjjnfh MATittifo

                 IN POWER/IIMPORTANCE jR f] ; fi £ # 3 [sing.] ~ (of

sb/sth) the act of becoming more important, successful, powerful, etc. (          ) i#3S: the

rise of fascism in Europe 0 the

rise and fall of the British Empire ^ iff HI (ft A o her meteoric rise to power M(ftifiil^|5(

                 UPWARD MOVEMENT h A 4 [sing.] an upward movement ± A: She watched the gentle rise and fall of his chest as he slept. M*.fibe*lltfRfRj&^MNIS.

                 SLOPING LAND #.fJ$. 5 [C] an area of land that slopes upwards 14^; Air; Alii Kin slope The church was built at the top of a small rise. iSt^^A^J^d''Lil]]5 ±0 see also high-rise

iT»TXl get a rise out of sb to make sb react in an angry way by saying sth that you know will annoy them, especially as a joke # fgj; M Ofc & give ' rise to sth (formaI) to cause sth to happen or exist f|> A A ( ^ # A ) : The novels success gave rise to a number of sequels.

verb (rose /rauz; NAmE rouz/, risen /'rizn/) [V]

                 MOVE UPWARDS h A 1 to come or go upwards; to reach

a higher level or position ±A; IPA; H iti;     f U tfii

A-A ( ) : Smoke was rising from the chimney.

AiB ®lA®o 0 The river has risen (by) several metres.

M*±ATff/l*'»

                 GET UP 45 A 2 (formal) to get up from a lying, sitting or

kneeling position 4S  ; V      H77I GET UP:

He was accustomed to rising (= getting out of bed) early.

0 They rose from the table. fMl A#it c 0 She rose to her feet. #fe^45Aft0 o note

at STAND

                 OF SUN/MOON AW ; J] At 3 when the sun, moon, etc. rises, it appears above the horizon A 45: The sun rises in the east. Affl/>UhAA45o EGQset

                 END MEETING A A Mi/ 4 (formal) (of a group of people

A) to end a meeting A A ; ft! ; ttM BEZ3 adjourn : The House (= members of the House of Commons) rose at 10p.m.       10

                 INCREASE jjp 5 to increase in amount or number ( ffc

ft*, rising fuel bills ^mmrnrnm

o The price of gas rose.    0 Gas rose

in price. ®    0 Unemployment rose (by) 3%. A

ik A Ik ft A 7 3% 0 o Air pollution has risen above an acceptable level.

                 BECOME POWERFUL/IMPORTANT # # A / ffi W 6 to become more successful, important, powerful, etc.

3SA%") : a rising young pol­itician        She rose to power in the

70s. if 20 ffffi 70 Aftf ST AR0- O He rose to the rank of general. flkAS^^^'go O She rose through the ranks to become managing director. ftkAAil rail AWAAA^Jio

                 OF SOUND 1 f ti|Gj 7 if a sound rises, it become louder and higher jtj; 1# %: Her voice rose angrily. M H % tl

Tin o

                 OF WIND R 8 if the wind rises, it begins to blow more

strongly        ^GS get up

                 OF FEELING 9 (formal) if a feeling rises inside you, it begins and gets stronger : He felt anger rising inside him. ftkAM jf[ If Ao o Her spirits rose (= she felt happier) at the news, off

                 OF YOUR COLOUR 10 (formal) if your colour rises, your face becomes pink or red with embarrassment

mi

                 OF HAIR % 11 if hair rises, it stands vertical instead

of lying flat  A: The hair on the back of my

neck rose when I heard the scream. Djf l!l SP A N r , Ik A

                 FIGHT i*&i 12 ~ (up) (against sb/sth) (formal) to begin to

fight against your ruler or government or against a foreign army 45 X ; U. JnC; U ^ PT37I rebel : The peasants rose in revolt.        o He called on

the people to rise up against the invaders. #, A-S IT A 45 AStrLA^^o related noun uprising

                 BECOME VISIBLE         13 (formal) to be or become

visible above the surroundings ^ fL ; Hl aL ; i#j if : Mountains rose in the distance.

                 OF LAND ±M 14 if land rises, it slopes upwards A45;

The ground rose steeply all around,      AP9

HUiSIttto

OF BEGINNING OF RIVER Mi® 15 a river rises where it begins to flow 45 i®; AM: The Thames rises in the Cotswold hills.