sexually immoral, especially a man who is fairly old (尤指上了年纪的）酒色之徒，瘾君子

rouge /ru：3/ noun [u] {old-fashioned) a red powder used by women for giving colour to their cheeks 胭月旨

►                rouge verb [VN]

rough 0^ /rAf/ adj., noun, verb, adv.

m adj. (rough er, rough-est)

►                NOT SMOOTH 不平滑 1 having a surface that is not even or regular粗糙的；不平滑的；高低不平的：rough ground 高低不平的地面◊ TTie sfcin on her /rands was hard and rough.她手上舍皮肤粗糙而没有弹性。◊ Trim rough edges with a sha/p fcni/e•用锋利的刀将参差不齐的 边切齐。PT313 SMOOTH

►                NOT EXACT 不确切 2 not exact; not including all details

不确切的；粗略的；大致的Sd APPROXIMATE : a rough caicuZatfon/esrimate 〇/ the cost 对成本的粗略计 % /           0 /Ve got a rough idea of where I want to go. ^

关致知道我想去哪里了。◊打lere were about 20 peo^e there, at a rough guess•那里约计有 20 人。◊ a rough

o/a speech 讲话草稿◊ a rough sketch 章图

►                VIOLENT 粗暴 3 not gentle or careful; violent 粗暴的； 粗野的；猛烈的：This watch is not designed /or rough treatment.古块手表不可重拿重放。◊ They contained 〇/rough /mndhVig by the guards.彳也们抱怨餐卫对他们动 舍了。◊ rough Wds 粗野的小孩◊ Don’t t/y any rough stujgr with me/ 别想对我撒野！ 4 where there is a lot of violence or crime犯_盔行如；充斥暴力的；危险的: the roughest neighbourhood in the cify 城市最危险的街区

►                SEA 海.洋:5 having large and dahgerous waves 汹涌的； 风浪很矢的：ft was too rough to sai7 that night.那天夜 里风浪太大，无法行船。

►                WEATHER 天气 6 wild and with storms 恶劣的 r 有暴风

雨的

►                DIFFICULT 困难 7 difficult，and unpleasant 艰难的；讨厌 的; '令人不快的 PTim tough ： He's had a really rough rime recently (= he’s had a lot of problems).他S近真是 困难重重。◊ We7i get someone in to the rough work (=the hard physical work).我们会找个人来千这重活。

►                NOT WELL不舒服8 (阶£) not feeling well不舒服的；不 适的：Ybu Zoofc rough—are you CMC?你看上去不太舒

服       没事吧？ ◊ J had a rough night (= I didn’t sleep

well)•我一夜没睡好觉。

►                PLAIN/BASIC 简单；基本 9 simply made and not finished in every detail; plain or basic 垣糖的；不够精细的•朴 实简单的：rough wooden tabies粗糖的木桌◊ a rough track 凹凸不平的小径.◊ (S/f) rough paper /or ma/dng notes on做i记的草稿纸

►                NOT SMOOTH 令..人•不 0 服:10 not smooth or pleasant to taste, listen to, etc.味道差的；湿的；刺耳的；令人难受 的：a roug/i m’ne/voice 口感极差的葡萄酒；刺耳的声音

►                rough-ness noun [U] — see also roughly IT»!?il rough 'edges small parts of sth or of a person's character that are not yet as good as they should be 瑕庇；美中不足之 .处：The ballet still had some rough edges.这段色蕾舞还 有不足之处。◊ He had a /ew rough edges fcnocfced o# at schoo〖.他在学校改掉了一些坏毛病。the ,rough end of the 'pineapple (AustralE, informal) a situation in which sb is treated badly or unfairly 受到不良（或不公平_) 对待的处境 a rough 'deal the fact of being treated unfairly 不公平的待遇一more at ride n.

mnoun

►                IN GOLF ■高尔夫球 1 the rough [sing.l the part of a golf course where the grass is long, making it more diffi- cult to hit the ball (高尔夫球场私）长草区一picture.o golf — compare fairway

►                DRAW丨NG/DESIGN 绘画；设计 2 [CL 术语）the

first version of a drawing or design that has been done quickly and without much detail 草稿；草图

►                VIOLENT PERSON 暴徒 3 [C] (oW-jfesh/o/iei，/Vj/ormfl/). a violent person 暴徒；粗野的 乂： a gang 〇/ roughs —帮 暴徒

fTSlTn in 'rough [especially fi/f) if you write or draw sth in rough, you make a first version of it, not worrying too much about mistakes or details 粗略地；■大 it 上 take the ,rough with .the smooth to accept the unpleasant or difficult things that happen in life as well as the good things好事环事都接受；既能享乐也能吃苦 —more at bit

mverb H»T71' rough it (informal) to live in a way that is not

1739    roughly

very comfortable for a short time 暂时过艰苦的生活；

渡 ik 暂时的难关：We ccm sleep on the beach. J don’t mind roughing it/or a night or two.我们可以睡在海滩 上。我不在乎吃一两夜的苦。rough sth^'out to draw or write sth without including all the details 画… ，的草图；草拟：J’ve roughed out a /ew ideas•我■已有几个 初步设想。.rough sb—'up (/n/ormfl/) to hurt sb by hitting or kicking them 殴打；ii；以暴力He claimed that guards had roughed him up in prison,

在监狱里殴打了他。

■ fli/v. using force or violence 粗鲁地；粗野地：Do they always this rough?他彳ii 4赛总是i么粗野吗？ ITTO1 live/sleep 'rough {Br£) to live or sleep outdoors, usually because you have no home and no money 风餐 露宿（通常因为芜象可归溆贫穷）：youngpeop〖e sleeping rough on the streets露宿街头的年轻人 rough-age /'rAfid3/ noun [U] the part of food that helps to keep a person healthy by keeping the bowels working and moving other food quickly through the body食物中的粗纤维SE1 fibre .rough-and-'ready adj. [usually before noun] 1 simple and prepared quickly but good enough for a particular situation 简单;糖但可用的：a rough-and-ready guide to the education system简略的教育体制指南2 (of a person 人)not very polite, educated or fashionable 粗 犷的；粗鲁的；不拘小节的

,rough and tumble noun [u, sing] 1 ~ (of sth) a situ­ation in which people compete with each other and are aggressive in order to get what they want 激烈的竞争； 混战：the and tumb〖e 〇/ poh'rics 政洛上尚?良战 2 noisy and slightly violent behaviour when children or animals are playing together r儿童或动'物一起嬉戏时 的）吵闹捣蛋行为

rough-cast /'rAfkaist; NAmE -kaest/ noun [U] a type of plaster containing small stones that is used for covering the outside walls of buildings 粗灰泥► rough­cast

'rough cut noun the first version of a film/movie, after the different scenes have been put together (影片的）

初次剪辑版；毛片

'rough-cut verb [VN] to cut sth quickly, without paying attention to the exact size 粗切（或剪、割等■):

.rough diamond {Br£) {NAmE .diamond in the 'rough) noun a person who has many good qualities even though they do not seem to be very polite, educated, etc.外粗内秀的人

rough-en /'rAfn/ verb to become rough; to make sth rough 变治糙；使粗糙：[V] ffis voice roughened iWth eve/y word.他说话的声音—来越嘶哑。◊ [VN】 CoZd weather roughens your sWn•天气寒冷，皮肤变得粗糖。 .rough-'hewn adj. [only before noun] 1 (of stone, wood, etc.石头、木■材#) cut in a way that leaves it with a rough surface 奋命:凿得很粗粮的：rough-hewn 被弄得坑洼不丰的墙壁◊ (//》wrat/ve) the rough-hewn 片atures 〇/ /lis /ace 他那饱经沧桑的政 2 (/brwfl/) (of a person or their behaviour 人或行为）not very polite。or educated粗鲁的；粗野的

rough-house /'rAfhaus; -hauz/ verb {NAmE, informal) to fight sb or play with sb roughly 打■闹；.玩M : '[V'] Quit roughhousing, you two/'你们两个别打打闹鹵了！ [also vn]

rough.ing /'rAfm/ not/n [U] (in ice hockey and Ameri­can football 冰上曲棍球_ 美式足球） an illegal use of force, for which a penalty may be given r 可能受罚

的）动作_粗野_，犯规冲撞

.rough 'justice noun [\J] 1 punishment that does not seem fair 木.太公.平的惩罚：ft was rough justice that they Zost in the dosing seconds 〇/ the game.彳也们在比赛 的ft后几秒钟落败，这本太公书。2 treatment that is fair but not official .or expected 算―上公于的待遇： There was a certain amount of rough justice in his down- /aZZ.他的垮台也算是大致公平。 rough-ly O^I /'rAfli/ adv. lapproximateiy but not exactly 大约；大致；差不多:： SaZes are up by.roughZy 20%•销售升了夫约 10%。'◊ We live roughly halfway between here and the coast ^