scraper
1788
►
WIN WITH DIFFICULTY 4 to manage to win or to
get
sth with difficulty M M M ® $ j#: [VN] The
team scraped a narrow victory last year. & [A k A J3T;0 0 {BrE) /just scraped a pass in the
exam.
0 0 They scraped a living
by playing music on the streets. MfT&TT3A 0 [V] The
government scraped home (= just won) by three votes.
►
MAKE HOLE IN GROUND 5 [VN] ~ sth (out) to
make
a hole or hollow place in the ground j£ i/t; IS M: He found a suitable
place, scraped a hole and buried thebaginit. g'N/t, fiSfeST
jittAo
►
PULL HAIR BACK $] l,;lt ;//< 6 [VN] ~ your hair back to pull your hair
tightly back, away from your face MAS: jjkfEfEjM: Her hair was scraped back
from her face in a ponytail. MlTLift-ASrJm
ITSmi scrape (the bottom of) the barrel (disapproving) to have to use
whatever things or people you can get, because there is not much choice
available ( IS
#
) iH'n —more at bow1 v. .scrape 'by
(on sth) to manage to live on the money you have, but with
difficulty ( f| - ) #8 P , jlRut®
0 : I can just scrape by
on what my parents give me. fi 0 o .scrape'in |
.scrape 'into sth to manage to get a job, a position, a
place at college, etc., but with difficulty $ % ( JiW , IR fA ) : He scraped in with 180
votes.
Ml'1
180
M® ^ jfso 0 Our team just scraped
into the semifinals. .scrape sth- out to
remove
sth from inside sth else, using sth sharp or hard like a knife IS ft ; I® tt} :
Scrape out the flesh of the melon with a spoon. .scrape 'through
|
.scrape 'through sth to succeed in doing sth with difficulty,
especially in passing an exam XR M % file; M ) : I might scrape through
the exam if Tm lucky. scrape sth-
to'gether/'up to obtain or collect together sth, but
with difficulty J&-3B 'MM; fj M tfe; MM%II: We
managed to scrape together eight volunteers. AW
im?rA£^JS#o
mnoun
►
ACTION/SOUND ij] ft ; P # 1 [sing.] the action or
unpleasant
sound of one thing rubbing roughly against another fij; ■ the scrape of iron on
stone
►
DAMAGE © A 2
[C]
an injury or a mark caused by rubbing against sth rough W, *&) ; M : She emerged from the
overturned car with only a few scrapes and
bruises. umtii-j&k, ir/i
►
DIFFICULT SITUATION ® i£ 3 [C] (.old-fashioned) a difficult situation
that you have caused yourself £} S if $ M ft: He was always getting
into scrapes as a boy. M AM
mmIWo
scraper
/'skreipa(r)/
noun a tool used for
scraping, for example for scraping mud from shoes or ice from a car
mu-, iS'JM; r-T
'scrap
heap noun a pile of things,
especially of metal, that are no longer wanted or useful fflTXf on the 'scrap heap (informal) no longer wanted
or
considered useful $3;
scra
pie /'skreipi/
noun [U] a serious disease
that affects the nervous system of sheep
Mrmkm)
scrap
ing /'skreipirj/
noun [usually pi.] a small amount of sth
produced by scratching a surface S'J JPf; #ij ft
'scrap
paper noun [U] loose pieces of
paper used for writing notes on (
scrappy
/'skraepi/
adj. (scrap pier, scrap pi-est) 1 consisting of individual
sections, events, etc. that are not organized into a whole A& A %EfIK5$
W 033 bitty : a scrappy essay — AT? it 5L ift X P 2 (especially BrE) not tidy and often of
poor quality AS
iSW; : The note was written
on a scrappy bit of
paper. M^SjTe—— see also scrap n.
scrap-yard /'skraepjaid; NAmE -ja:rd/ {BrE) (also junkyard NAmE, BrE) noun a place where old cars,
machines, etc. are collected, so that parts of them, or the metal they are made
of, can be sold to be used again ( it$C
imp. ihai
scratch 0-n /skraetj/ verb,
noun, adj.
m verb
►
RUB WITH YOUR NAILS jfj jg ¥ 1 ~ (at sth) to rub your
skin
with your nails, usually because it is itching
, H ( ) : [VN] John yawned and
scratched his chin,
ip If fT A fp X, ilTGo 0 The dog scratched
itself behind the ear. $J ft] /It A 5 fs 0 0 [V] Try not to scratch. o She scratched at the insect bites on
her arm. M^T^fl&W±A^CI^Jfeo
►
GUT SKIN #J5&J5&K: 2 ~ (sb/sth/yourself) (on
sth) to
cut or damage your skin slightly with sth sharp $] $£. M ® ■
ttfe
) : [VN] I’d
scratched my leg and it was bleeding. 7i0 <> She scratched herself
on a nail. M f£ fT A ± ^ij 7 - T o o [V] Does the cat scratch?
►
DAMAGE SURFACE 3 [VN] to damage the surface
of
sth, especially by accident, by making thin shallow marks on it ( X || M ^ M ) , ^lj M . S'J ±T : Be
careful not to scratch the furniture. 0
The car’s paintwork is badly scratched, p W. ffi t1! M i#
'm%o
►
MAKE/REMOVE MARK £&/£$£& 4 [VN +adv./prep.] to
make
or remove a mark, etc. on sth deliberately, by rubbing it with sth hard or
sharp MA ( ) iSil-
^l]T
( s&W.
k )
iSilE; They
scratched lines in the dirt to mark out a pitch. M flT A M ± M £b ‘ A f0 We scratched some of
the dirt away. AS® AHo
0
(figurative) You can scratch my
name off the list, jpvjlp
►
MAKE SOUND AAATf 5 [V, usually +adv./prep.] to make an irritating
noise by rubbing sth with sth sharp #J ( A M , iHl ) ih $!] 5 P : His pen scratched
away on the paper. %&&&&£&&
►
A LIVING 4if 6 [VN] ~ a living to make enough money
to live on, but with difficulty
►
CANCEL 7 ~ (sb/sth) (from
sth) to
decide that sth cannot happen or sb/sth cannot take part in sth, before it
starts M M ; Hfcfft; ii A : [VN] to scratch a rocket launch IX® Afticttit o The horse was
scratched from the race because of injury.
o
[V] She
had scratched because of a knee injury. M
mmim&Tmo
IR71 scratch your head
(over sth) to think hard in order to find an answer to sth ^ M0;
scratch the 'surface (of sth) to deal with,
understand, or find out about only a small part of a subject or problem ifcHttiti III!
.you scratch my back and ,1*11 scratch yours (saying) used to say that if sb
helps you, you will help them, even if this is unfair to others TL ® &. A ; % +0^ I3*[;iyi scratch a bout/a
round (for sth) to search for sth, especially with difficulty ( it ts
M M ) S-W-, S # , .scratch sth—'out to remove a word, espe
cially
a name, from sth written, usually by putting a line through it )
a noun
►
MARK/CUT £1] fig ; \j) 1 [C] a mark, a cut or
an injury
made
by scratching sb’s skin or the surface of sth ( fk
Her hands were covered in scratches from the brambles. M 7 ± P T M
M ^!J W n To o a scratch on the,paintwork ffi±. (H) — il|ljfig 0
It’s only a scratch (= a very slight injury). AMIITriiftlTj Mifio O He escaped without a scratch (= was not hurt at all).
M*£*ffiifeiSTtH*o
►
SOUND P § 2
[sing.]
the
unpleasant sound of sth sharp or rough being rubbed against a surface fij ( si W..
m) ifr$WF
►
WITH YOUR NAILS ^ 3 [sing ] the act of
scratching a
part
of your body when it itches : Go on,
have a good scratch! ABE, !
ynTOl from 'scratch 1 without any previous
preparation or knowledge AATTM; I learned
German from scratch in six months. A AM
2
from the very beginning, not using any