开；将（某物）抖干净：to shafce out a duster把抹布抖 千_净.shake sb一’up _to surprise sb and make them think about sth in a different way, become more active, etc.震动；激励；使振作，shake sthwup to make important changes in an organization, a profession, etc. in order to make it more efficient 彻底 _ 整；重组（■机 构、行业等）一related noun shake-up ■ noun

►                 MOVEMENT /J] 1 [c, usually sing.] an act of shaking sth/sb 、摇动；_抖动；颤^[l: Give the bottle a good shafce be/ore

opening.打#瓶子前，先使劲摇一摇。offe dismissed the idea with a firm shake of his head (= turning it from side to side to mean ‘no’).他坚定地_了摇头，否定了那 .个想法。◊ She gave him a shake to wafce him.她摇摇 把也叫醒。一see also handshake

►                 OF BODY2 the shakes [pi.] (informal) a physical condition in which you cannot stop your body from shaking because of fear, illness, or because you have drunkt too much alcohol 颤抖；.战東；卩多嗓：I always get t/ie sfiafces be/ore exams.考斌前，我总墓紧张得 发抖。

►                 DRINK 饮料 3 [C] = milkshake: a strawberry shake — 杯草莓奶昔

ITiTOl in two. 'shakes I in a couple of 'shakes

■'(/Vj/orma/) very soon:.:立刻；气.’上more at fair ad).， great adj.

shake-down /'Jeikdaun/ noun {NAmE, informaf) 1 a situation in which sb tries to force sb else to give them money using violence, threats, etc.勒索；敲诈 2 a thor- ough search of’sb/gth 彻底搜查：a polic'e :shakedown of the area警方对这一地辱的、彻鹿搜查3 a test of a vehicle to see if there are any problems before it is used gener- ally:(交通工辱的 > 试用，试航，试飞 shaken /'Jeikan/ (also shaken 'up) adj. [not usually before noun] shocked, upset or frightened by sth 震捸；烦恼； 恐惧

shake-out noun [usually sing.] 1 a situation in which people lose their jobs and less successful companies are forced to close because of competition and difficult economic conditions 经济衰退卜经济萧条 2 = shake-up shaker /’Jeika(r)/ ziow/1 1 (often in compounds 常构成复 合,词).a container that is used for shaking things 摇动 器；混合器•，（盖上有孔的 > 作料瓶：a sdtshafcer盐瓶 ◊ a cocfctaii shafcer 鸡尾酒摇壶一picture i=> back­gammon 2 Shaker a member of a religious group in the US who live in a community in a very simple way and do not marry or have partners 震颤派教徒 f 美国_ .派，教徒禁欲独身，聚居一处，崇尚俭朴生活）D3E1 see MOVER

shake_up (also 'shake-out) now/? ~ (in/of sth) a situ­ation in which a lot of changes are made to a company, an organization, etc. in order to improve the way in which it works (机构的）重大调整，重租：a manage- ment shafce-up管3层^大调整 shak ing /'feikiq/ noun [sing., U], the act of shaking sth/sb or the fact of being shaken 摇动；_ 抖动；颤动 shaky /'Jeiki/ adj. (shaki-er, shaki-est) 1 shaking and feeling weak because you are ill/sick, emotional or old 颤抖的；颤巍巍的 UNSTEADY: Her voice sounded on the phone.电话里她的声音听着发颤。◊ rhe oZd man was very sha/qy on his/eet•老人站在那儿》. ■颤巍 巍的。2 not firm or safe; not certain 不固的；..不牢靠 如；摇晃的;：不确切的：That ladder loolcs a little.shaky. 这梯子看籴不矢牵龠。◊ (/iigwraf/Ve) Her memories 〇/ the accident are a ZittZe sha/cy.那次事敁她记不太清楚T。◊ (figurative) The protesters are on shaky ground (= it is not certain that their claims are. valid).抗议者未必站得 住脚。3 not seeming very successful; likely to fail.不大 出色的；成问题的；可能失败的UNCERTAIN: Business is Zoofcing sha?<y at the moment.从目前看，业 务举步维艰。◊ A/ter a shafcy start, they /ou^ht bacfc to win 3-2.他们开局不顺，但最终以3:2反败为胜。shaki­ly /-ili/ fldv.: ‘Get the doctor,，he whispered shakily.去 请大夫。:”他颤声低语说。.

shale /Jeil/ nqun [U] a type of soft stone that splits easily into tiiin dat layers 页岩► shialy oof/, shall 〇■* ./Jal; strong/o/ttj Jael/.          .(/iega"Ve shall

not, short form shan^ /Xa:nt; NAmE Jaent/pf should /Jud/,

1831 sham

negative should not, short form shouldn^ /'Judiit/) (espe­cially Br£)

►                 (becoming old-fashioned) used with / and we for talking about or predicting the future (同 I 和 we-.连 用，表示将来）将要，将会：T/iis time next week J shaH be in Scotkmd.下厨这个时候我载在苏格兰1% ◊ We shan’t be gone 〖ong.我们不会去彳i长时间的。◊ J said that J s/iou〖d be pieased to ZieZjp.我说过我乐意帮忙。

►                 used in questions with / and we for making offers or suggestions or asking advice (在疑问_句中同 I 和 we_连 用，表示提出或征求意见> :S/rnH J send you the book? 我把4给你寄.去，好不_好？ ◊ What sftaM we do this weekend?备个周未我们要ii[什么呢？ ◊ let’s Zoofc at i't again,. shciH we?我{H. _.看■ 一 遍，好.不好？ 3 {old- fashioned or formal) used to show that you are deter­mined, or to give an order or instruction (表示决心.、 命令或指示纟必须，一定，应该：He is determined that you shaH succeed.他决心使你成功。_◊ Ccmdidates shaH remain in their seats until all the papers have been coHected.考生必须留在座位上，等所有试卷收好以后方可 离去。.々-note at modal

GRAMMAR POINT语法说明

shall * will

■                  In modern English the traditional cMfference between shall and will has almost disappeared, and shall is not used very much at all, especially in NAmE. Shall is now only used with / and we, and often pounds formal and.old-fashioned.在现代英语中，shall 如 wiU的传统区别几乎不复存在。shall基本上不怎么 用，尤其在北美英语中。shall目前只与I和we连 用，1听起来常显得正式并过时。People are more lijkely to say 人更可能说:/7/(f 丨 will) fee tote.我 要迟到and 7/ g'you:.will) flpo/og/ze.

'A/o / mw’fr …如赶快赔个不是-。” r

“不，我不！

■                  In BrE shall is still used with / and we in questions or when you want to make a suggestion or an offer. ^ 英国英语中，shall仍然与l和we连用，用于疑问

句、提出建议或提供帮助：Whflf s/?fl/// wear fo f/»e party?我穿什么衣服去参加聚会呢?f ◊    we

some 我们要些—啡好吗i/r/ve>:s/)£?_//t/?...

我来开车好吗？

' fe> note at should

shaMot /Ja'lDt; NAmE -'la:t/ noun a vegetable like a small onion with a very strong taste 青葱：大葱 —picture c> page Ri8

shal-l〇W l>*w /'Jaelau; NAmE -lou/ adj. (shal-low-er, shal- lowest)

1 not having much distance between the top or surface and the bottom 浅的：a shallow dish 浅盘 _◊ They were playing in the shallow end (= of the swimming pool). 他们在游泳池的浅水区玩耍。◊ Theseare/oundfn shaMow waters arounci the coast•这些鱼生长在秦边浅水 水域。deep 2 {disapproving) (of a person, an idea, a comment, ?tc.人、.观点?.二评也4) not showing serious thought, feelings, etc. about sth 砝浅的；浅薄的 SEl superficial 3 shallow breathing involves taking in only a small amount of air e'ach time (呼吸）钱的，弱 的■> shal.low.ly flc/v.: He was breathing shallowly. i^Vf 吸短促。shaMow.ness now/7 [U] shallows I'Jseldoz; NAmE -louz/ the shallows noun [pi.] a shallow place in a river or the sea (河海的）浅水 处，逢滩

sha-lom /Je'lmn; NAmE Ja'lDim/ exclamation a Hebrew word for ‘hello’ or ‘goodbye’ that means ‘peace’. .i (着，'伯 来语，见面或告别时说）祝你平安 shalt /Jaelt/ verb thou shalt (old use) used to mean *y〇u shall’，when talking to one person (义同 shall,用手第 二人称单数r shal.war，salwar sham /Jaem/ noun, adj., verb

■ noun (disapproving) 1 [sing.] a situation, feeling, system