etc.
that is not as good or true as it seems to be
fix
'If fix X; ft#; ftsg: The latest crime
figures are a
complete sham.
2 [C, usually sing.] a person who pretends
to be sth that they are not W%%; fg 1 # 3 [U] behav
iour,
feelings, words, etc. that are intended to make sb/sth seem to be better than
they really are jiHlx(ft 7r A ( l&lilli, ) ; ft#: Their promises turned
out to be full of sham and hypocrisy.
mm.
madj. [only before noun] (usually disapproving) not genuine but
intended to seem real ; jii^Kft 033 false: a sham marriage {§**£]#
■
verb (-mm-) to pretend sth flU; l1
ft: [V]
Is he really sick or is he just shamming? ft T, Jl^(ft ? [also V-ADJ, VN]
shaman
/'Jeiman;
'Jaiman; 'Jaeman/ noun a person in some
religions and societies who is believed to be able to contact good and evil
spirits and cure people of illnesses g&^lftA
)
shama
teur /'Jaemata(r);
-tja(r)/ noun (disapproving) a person who makes
money playing a sport but is officially an amateur
( ikAiis&ft
►
shama-teur-ism /'Jaematarizam;
-tjar-/ noun [U] shamba /'Jaemba/ noun (EAfrE) a small farm or a
field that is used for growing crops AA^; Affl sham ble /'Jaembl/ verb [V, usually + adv./prep.] to walk in an awkward or lazy way, dragging your
feet along the ground ftH PA; MU
sham
bles /'Jaemblz/
noun [sing.] (informal) 1 a situation in which there is a lot of confusion A)7(ft^/
ffi;
AH; — ft flit SCI
mess: The press conference
was a complete shambles. A-'ftMSlo
0
What a shambles! SL ! 0 The government is in a
shambles over
2
a place which is dirty or untidy )
(ftftA
EE23
mess : The house was a
shambles. |b] JH A W. fil
ah0
sham
bol ic /Jaem'bDlik;
NAmE -'bail-/ adj. (BrE, informal) lacking order or
organization M£Lft A ft 67 SL AAff^J SCI CHAOTIC, DISORGANIZED
shame
chi/jeim/
noun, verb, exclamation • noun 1 [U] the feelings of
sadness, embarrassment and guilt
that you have when you know that sth you have done is wrong or stupid H lit; H
ft; 1$[ ft: His face burned with shame, ft($|j&iailftMA;M0
O She
hung her head in shame. ftltftftftTA^co o He could not live with
the shame of other people knowing the truth. $!) AftliiAHIf ftM^AftiWo o To my shame
(= I feel shame that) I
refused to listen to her side of the
story, ftmmmmm, 2M
(formal) (only used in
questions and negative sentences H ft l7 ft 17# A ft) the ability to feel shame
at sth you have done Jt|it A; ||ft|&:
Have you no shame? ftlftAJfliliiilit1®;? 3 a shame [sing.] used to say
that sth is a cause for feeling sad or disappointed ft AftHr (ft ^; it A it ® (ft ♦ HTTI pity : What a shame they couldn’t come. ftf]At£A7, GS/iyt®,, o It’s a shame about Tim, isn’t it? ^ lt (ft It it A li®, 0
It’s a shame that she wasn’t here to see
it.
JCnTft jtifeAtE JlM o o It would be a
crying shame (= a
great
shame) not to take them up on the offer. HHAS Clift Sift, 4 [U] the loss of
respect
that is caused when you do sth wrong or stupid lit # ; A : There is no shame
in wanting to be successful. fttaRAJift^ o (formal) She felt
that her failure would bring shame on her
family, b&jfc C321 put sb/sth
to ‘shame to
be much better than sb/sth AAfltM; JEM];
ft
§ ft A/ffl: Their presentation put
ours to shame, fifed WM&f^fn^fWJMo 'shame on you, him, etc. (informal) used to say that sb
should feel ashamed for sth they have said or done ( itilrN’ift ) 31 A#
JH
— more at name v.
■
verb [VN] 1 to make sb feel
ashamed ft H ft
( ^ 1$fr ft ) : His generosity shamed them all. fife M Aft ft fifed
HHfe.
2 (formal) to make sb feel that
they have
lost
honour or respect ft Ht #; ft A it: You have shamed
your family, ffc ft M M % T lit # „
shame sb into doing sth to persuade sb to do sth by making them
feel ashamed not to do it ft ^ A It ft W A# A# ( ) : She shamed her father
into
promising more help. AA,
■
exclamation (SAfrE) used to express
sympathy, or to show that you like sb/sth ( AA|W]1f MM-k. )
Ait® 7, HEM 77 MW: Shame, she’s so cute!
p£,
M
shame-faced
/.Jeim'feist/
adj. feeling or looking ashamed because you
have done sth bad or stupid ft##J; #fft#J 033 sheepish: a shame
faced smile 1$Tft(ft=£W ► shame-faced-ly /Jeim'feistli;
-'feisidli/ adv.
shameful
/'Jeimfl/
adj. that should make you feel ashamed ft lit S
t W 033
disgraceful : shameful behaviour ft lit (ft fj A O It was shameful the
way she was treated, iitfeItf!])$ftfftAfW," AAfti$ 7« ► shamefully /-fali/ adv. shame-less /'Jennies/ adj. (disapproving) not feeling ashamed of
sth you have done, although other people think you should A lit (ft; 033 un-
ashamed ► shame-less-ly adv. shame-less-ness noun [U] sham ing /'Jeimiq/ adj. causing sb to feel
ashamed A Aitftlft: a shaming defeat by a less experienced
team
fAUftj
sham-my
/'Jaemi/
noun (pi. -ies) (also .shammy leather) [U, C] (informal) = chamois
(2)
sham-poo
/Jaem’pu:/
noun, verb
■
noun (pi. -os) 1 [C, U] a liquid soap
that is used for
washing
your hair; a similar liquid used for cleaning carpets, furniture covers or a
car ( tffeiife
m. mMW-m. )'kmv.
ashampoofor
greasy hair 0 carpet shampoo
frij
2
[C,
usually sing.] an act of washing your hair using shampoo ft M fk A A : Rinse the hair
thoroughly after each shampoo. # ft
M ?5fe ft Jfi IP M M A
^ 0 0 a shampoo and set (= an act of washing and
styling
sb’s hair)
■
verb (sham pooed, sham pooed) [VN] to wash or clean
hair, carpets, etc. with shampoo ff] fk. ( A A ) ;
(vmm)
sham-rock
/'Jaemrnk;
NAmE -ra:k/ noun a small plant with three
leaves on each stem. The shamrock is the
national symbol of
shandy
/'J’aendi/
noun (pi. -ies) (especially BrE) 1 [U] a drink made by
mixing beer with lemonade p$ tj§ ( J^f?lt?+(ftP#'M )
2
[C]
a glass or can of shandy — W ( ff ) Two shandies, please.
#p$Mo
shang-hai
/.Jaerj
hai/ verb (shang-hai-ing /-'hainj/, shanghaied, shang haied /-'haid/) [VN] ~ sb (into doing sth) (old-fashioned,
informal) to trick or force sb into doing sth that
they do not really want to do iglS; “MiS Shangri-La /Jaerjqri 'la:/ noun [sing.] a place that is
extremely beautiful and where everything seems perfect, especially a place far
away from modem life # ) mmm mrarci From the name of an
imaginary valley in
shank
/Jaeqk/
noun 1 the straight narrow
part between the two ends of a tool or an object Afft; ff 2 the part of an
animal’s or a person’s leg between the knee and ankle ( ) Jg, AM IM (on) Shanks’s 'pony
(BrE, informal) walking, rather than
travelling by car, bus, etc. Aff; ft A ED3onfoot shan’t short form of shall not
shanty
/'Jaenti/
noun (pi -ies) 1 a small house, built
of pieces of wood, metal and cardboard, where very poor people live, especially
on the edge of a big city M, MPiAM ( tm) 2 (also 'sea shanty) (both BrE) (NAmE chanty, chantey) a song that sailors
traditionally used to sing while pulling ropes, etc. A A
-tA<