X ) feW 4 (in
) Wn M
'sheriff
court noun a lower court in
WJlUfeK
Sherlock /'X3:lnk;
NAmE 'Jairlctik/
(also Sherlock Holmes /haumz; NAmE houmz/)
noun {informal, sometimes ironic) a
person who tries to find an explanation for a crime or sth mysterious or who
shows that they understand sth quickly, especially sth that is not obvious E f4 M A J® W A: Oh, well done,
Sherlock. Did you figure that
out all by yourself? g,
Mio Msucm?! From
Sherlock
Holmes, a very clever detective in stories by Arthur Conan Doyle, published in
the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Uggpsfg • • H/RX 19
20
% • mm%To
Sherpa /'J3:pa;
NAmE 'JXrpa/
noun a
member of a Himalayan people, who often guide people in the mountains,
sometimes carrying their bags, etc.
mxm)
sherry /‘Jeri/ noun {pi. -ies) *1 [u, C] a strong yellow or brown wine, originally
from southern
E ) : sweet/dry sherry
M /
S
0 fine quality sherries f£ M It f >J M
<> a sherry glass (= a type of small narrow wine glass)
/Jn ^ M IT ) 2 [C] a glass of sherry -$flf f !] yg:
I’ll have a sherry, ic 11 “IF Iff1] Mo sherwani /JX'waini; NAmE JXr'w-/ noun a
knee-length coat with buttons up to the neck, sometimes worn by men from S Asia
(
she’s short form 1 /Ji:z; Jiz/ she is 2 /Ji:z/ she has Shetland pony /Jetland 'pauni; A/Amf 'pouni/ noun a
very small, strong horse with a rough coat shh = sh
Shia (also Shi’a) /'Jia/ noun {pi. Shia or Shias) *1 [U] one of the two
main branches of the Islamic religion jf B+ $£ ( ) —compare Sunni(I) 2 [C]
(also Shi-ite, Shi’ite)
a
member of the Shia branch of Islam ff-Uf
shi afsu /JTaetsu:/
noun [U] (from Japanese) = acupressure
shih-bo-leth /'JibaleG/ noun (formal) 1 an old idea, principle or phrase that is no longer
accepted by many people as important or appropriate to modern life MW 6^1 A; 2 a custom, word, etc.
that distinguishes one
group of people from another M ). mm From a Hebrew word
meaning ‘ear of corn’. In the Bible story, Jephthah, the leader of the Gileadites,
was able to use it as a test to tell which were his own men, because others
found the ‘sh’ sound difficult to pronounce, f® g
mm it, ea “£ir o u im, S?J]Atf^ %tm sh
shied pt, pp of shy
shield /Xiild/ noun, verb
mnoun 1 a large piece of metal
or leather carried by soldiers in the past to protect the body when fighting
Jjf ( Ji$ ) 2 = riot
shield 3 a person or thing used to protect sb/sth, especially by
forming a barrier A;
The gunman used the hostages as a human shield. AJ4:f£ AMU Wo 0
Water is not an effective shield against the sun’s
more harmful rays. A® ,0
She hid her true feelings behind a shield of cold
indifference.
4
a plate or screen that protects a machine or the person using it from damage or
injury (
JW
5 an object in the shape of a shield, given as a prize in a sports competition,
etc.
—pictureo
medal 6 a drawing or model
of a shield showing a coat of arms 7
{NAmE) a police officer’s badge ( ) MMWtM
1839
■ verb [VN] 1 ~ sb/sth (from sb/sth) to protect sb/sth from danger, harm or sth
unpleasant ( Jfei!
M) : I shielded my eyes
against the glare. 0 The ozone layer
shields
the earth from the sun’s
ultraviolet rays.
o Police believe that
somebody is shielding the killer. WAiAAIrA5E7ABX^ic7fe
A/ <> You can’t shield her from
the truth forever. M A
2 to put a
shield around a piece of
machinery, etc. in order to protect the person using it it ■
Shift
On /jift/
verb, noun
mverb
►
MOVE 1 ~ (sth) (from ...) (to ... ) to move, or move sth,
from one position or place to another MU}-. [V] The action of the
novel shifts from
7ffetL b
shifted his gaze from the
child to her. #,5E f=l ± M M M A o 0
Could
you help me shift some furniture? 0
She shifted her weight
from one foot to the
other.
2 [V, VN] ~ (yourself) {BrE, informal) to move quickly gfe; BCG] hurry
►
SITUATION/OPINION/POLICY
'If R ;
~ (from ...) (to/towards/toward ...) (of a situation, an
opinion, a policy etc. 'tf .
X ifo
: Public attitudes towards marriage have shifted
over the past 50 years. * 50 A A, EftiSjkE
M
$ o 0 The
balance of power shifted away from workers towards employers.
4
[VN] ~ sth (from ...)
(to/towards/toward ..;) to change your
opinion of or attitude towards sth, or change the way that you do sth ) :
We need to shift the focus of this debate.
7lio <> The new policy shifted
the emphasis away from fighting inflation.
mwm±o
►
RESPONSIBILITY jjf jf 5 [VN] ~ responsibility/blame (for sth) (onto sb) to make sb else
responsible for sth you should do or sth bad that you have done jf 4p, W- ( JHi ) : He tried to shift the
blame for his mistakes
onto his colleagues.
\&
i Jt^n
mm.
►
REMOVE MARK fe |>7 i'j M 6 [VN] to remove sth
such as a
dirty mark fe|^ ( ) 533 get rid of: a deter
gent that shifts even the
most stubborn stains
►
SELL GOODS || §
jiff pV’i 7 [VN] to sell goods, especially goods that are
difficult to sell f|U, ttStr (
) : They cut prices
drastically to try and shift
stock, mjaimiw,
►
IN VEHICLE 8 [V] {NAmE) to change the
gears when
you are driving a vehicle ) : to shift into second
gear j|
ITTfTn shift your 'ground (usually disapproving) to change your
opinion about a subject, especially during a discussion ( (the) .shifting
'sands (of sth) used to describe a
situation that changes so often that it is difficult to understand or deal with
it id:i;VJ .shift for your-
'self {BrE) to do things
without help from other people J4Xi£fe£2#; 54 AM A; £]7.: You’re going
to have to shift for yourself from now on. JA&Ufs, #lfc5#54iM AT.
mnoun
►
CHANGE A A 1 [C] ~ (in sth) a change in position or
direction a dramatic shift in
public opinion o a shift of emphasis
— see also paradigm
shift
►
PERIOD OF WORK T‘
7 Iff |h' 2 [C] a period of time
worked
by a group of workers
who start work as another group finishes M; Wl'i]: to be on the day/
night shift at the factory XHSE/J^SEo
to work
an eight-hour shift ffil|Sl£A/jNWIk$EXt£
0 working
in shifts 3&3&X# 0 shift workers/work f&SEX#WXA;