shortage . 1848 |
►
RUDE 无.n 11 [not before
noun]‘（with sb) (of a person
人）speaking to sb using few words in a way
that seems rude 简单粗暴；简慢无礼：J’m sony J was short
with you earlier~I
had other things on my mind. 我
刚才对你简慢了——我脑子里在想别的事。
►
VOWEL 7n ^ 12 [phonetics a short vowel is
pronounced for a shorter time than
other vowels 短音 的：Compare the short voweZ
in and the tong vovveZ i‘n为〇厂比较full中的短元音和fool中的长元音。EH3 LONG
—see
also shortly ► short-ness noun [U] ： She suffered 介om shortness 〇/ breat/i.她患有气急知毛病。a ,brick short of a
load, two .sandwiches short of a picnic, etc. (informal) (of a person A)
stupid; not very intelligent冒傻气的；不大聪明的get the short end of
the 'stick (NAm£) = draw the short straw at draw
v. give
sb/sth/get short _ shrift to give sb/get little attention or
sympathy 不重视 （ 或同情 ）； 不受重视 （或同
情）have/be on a short
fuse to
have a tendency to get angry quickly and easily动辄发火；性情暴躁；脾气
不好：You may find your temper on a short fuse when con^onting your
teenager•对付十几岁的半大孩子，
你亩能动不动就会生气。in ,short 'order quicldy and without
trouble 麻利；简单省事丨n the 'short run concerning the
immediate future 众短期来看；眼下：In the short run,
unemployment may./aH.从短期来看，’失 业率可能降被。in ,short sup'ply not existing in large
enough quantities to satisfy demand 不充裕；短缺；紧 缺：Basic /oodstuj^s were
m short suppfy.基本丧物紧
缺0 ◊ Sunshhe wiH be
in short suppZy/or the west coast. 西海岸将不会有充足的阳光。little/nothing short
of sth used
when you are saying that sth is almost true, or is equal to sth 可以说是无异于；近乎：Last year’s figures
were short 〇/disastrous.去年的数字痛直是 灾难。◊ 27ie
trans/ormatfon has been notWng short 〇/a mfrade.这种变化堪称奇迹。make ushort 'work of
sth/sb to
defeat, deal with stli/sb quickly 干净利落地打 败（或处理 三下五除二就打垮（或解决）：Liverpool made short work of the opposition (= in a football/ soccer game).利物浦队干净利落地击败了对手。^fe
made short
work of his lunch (= ate it quickly).
两下吃完午饭。，short and 'sweet pleasant
but not lasting a long time短暂而美好；简明兩要；紧
凑：We haven't much time so 111 keep
it short and sweet. 舍们时间不多，我就长话短说吧。一more at draw v.，
LIFE n., LONG ad]., MEASURE n., NOTICE 11., TERM 11.,
thick adj.
■
adv. (short-er, short-est) 1 if you go short of or
run short of sth, you do not have enough of it 缺少；不足：
J’d
never iet you go short 〇/ anything.我什么細不会让你
缺的。◊ Mothers reguZarty go short 〇/ /ood
to ensure thefr children have enough.为了保证备.己的孩子吃饱
饭，做母亲的经常忍饥挨饿。◊rh^yhadrunshorto/
(=used most of their supply of)知e〖•他们燃料不够角
了。2 not as far as you need or expect 未达到；不及：
AH
too o_/ten you pitch the baH short.你投是gi离不 够。3 before tAe time expected or arranged;
before the natural time中间（打侖）';过早地（终± ) : a career tragically cut short by
illness
0
rm afraid I'm going to have to stop
you short there, as time is running out.时间快到了，恐怕我得就此打你
了。be caught short (BrE also be taken short)
{BrE,
informal) to suddenly feel an urgent need to go to the toilet/bathroom突然感觉要上厕所；内急2 to be put at a disadvantage 被置于不利地位
come "short (SAfrE, informal) to have an accident; to get into
trouble 出事舍；遇到森烦 fa丨丨’short of sth to fail to reach the standard that you expected or
need 未达到；■不符合：
77ie
/iotei/eH/ar short 〇/
their
expectations.旅★远没有 他们预期的那么好。’short of (doing) sth without sth; without doing sth;'unless sth happens 没有；如果不；
除非：Short 〇/ a mfrade/ we’re certain to Zose.除非金生 畚彘，否则我丨门输定了。◊ Short 〇/ asking her to Zeave (=and we don^ want to do that) there's not a lot we can do about the situation.要是不_她走，我们也就没有
多少办法应付这种局面了。Pull，bring，etc. sb up short to make sb
suddenly stop what they are doing 使某人突然停止：J was brought up short by a
terribZe
thought.^个可怕的念头闪过，我一下子愣住了。
—more at sell
v.，stop v.
►
noun {informal) — see also shorts
1 (Br£) a small strong alcoholic drink,
for example of whisky 少量烈酒
1
a short film/movie, especially one that is
shown before the main film (尤A在正鈐前放映的)电影短片
2
= short circuit in 'short in a few words 总 之；简言之：His novek betong
to a great but vanished age. TTieyare, fnshort, oW-/ashio/ied.他的小说属于一个
辉煌但已逝去的时代。一句话，已经过时了。一 more at long adj.
►
verb [V, VN] ~ (sth) (out) {informal) = short-circuit
short.age
/'Jc):tid3; ^
when there is not enough of
the people or things that are needed 不足；缺少；短缺：/oo^/housing/water
shortages 食物 / 住/ 用水短缺◊ a shortage
o/_/imds 资 金不足◊ There is no
shortage 〇/(= there are plenty of)
things to do in the town.城里不愁知不到活儿干。
'short-arse (6r£) [US 'short-ass) noun {slang, disapproving) a person who is not very
tall .short
.back and 'sides noun [sing.] {BrE,
old-fashioned) a way of cutting a man’s hair so that the hair is very
short at. the sides and the back of the head 盖式发邊 (脑后和两侧均剪得很短的男式发型）
short-bread
/'Joitbred;
NAmE 'S〇：rt-/ {BrE also shortcake) noun [\J] a rich crisp
biscuit/cookie made with flour, sugar and a lot of butter 黄油甜穌饼干
short-cake
/'Joitkeik;
NAmE 'Joirt-/ noun [u] 1 (6/-£) =shortbread
2 a cake with a pastry base
and cream and fruit on top 水果奶油穌饼：strawberry shortcake 草莓p饼
.short-1
change verb [VN] [often passive] 1 to
give back less than the correct amount of money to sb who has paid for sth with
more than the exact price 少找给（.某
人.）零钱：J thfnfc J’ve been s/iort-changeci at the bar.舍 觉得_吧没给我找够零钱。2 to treat sb unfairly py not giving them what they
have earned or deserve 亏轉；
克扣_
,short 'circuit (also informal short) noun a failure in an
electrical circuit, when
electricity travels along the wrong route because of damaged wires or a fault
in the connections between the wires 短路
.short-'circuit
(also
informal short) verb 1 to have a short
circuit; to make sth have a short circuit (使）短 路：[V] The wires had short-circuited and
burnt out. % 錢短“，烧环了。[also VN] 2 [VN] to succeed
in doing sth more quickly than usual, without going through all the usual
processes (做事）抄近路，走捷径 short-com-ing /'JoitkAmir)； NAmE 'Joirt-/ noun [usually pi.] a fault in
sti’s character, a plan, a system, etc.缺 点；短处 HEI
DEFECT
short.crust
pastry AJb:tkrAst
'peis仕i; AMwf 办的-/ noun [U] a type of pastry that crumbles easily, used for making pies, etc.酥皮面团 .short 'cut (also 'short cut) noun 1 a quicker or shorter
way of getting to a place 运路；捷径：You can take a short cut across the卢eid.你可以抄七道从田里穿过去。
2 a way of doing sth that is quicker than
the usual way (做某事的）快捷办法，捷径：There are no short cuts to economic recovery•恢复经济无捷径可走。
shorten /_j〇:tn; AM/tiJE
’Jratn/ 〜（sth to sth) to make sth shorter; to
become sliorter (使）变短，缩短： [VN] Jry’ury proWems couW shorten his career•受伤尚问题 有亩能缩短他的职业生涯。◊ a shortened version 〇> the game 简化了 的比赛◊ Her name’s
Katherine, generaHy shortened to Kay•她名叫凯瑟琳，通常简称凯。◊ [V] In November the temperatures drop and the
days shorten. 十^月气温下降，白天变短。E33 LENGTHEN short-en-ing /'Joitmi]； NAmE 'Joirt-/ noun [U] fat tliat is used
for making pastry (制作油酥点心用的 >
起酥油 short-fall /'J〇：tfo:l; NAmE 'Joirt-/ noun ~ (in sth) if there is a shortfall
in sth, there is less of it than you need or expect缺口；差额；亏空 EEC1 deficit
.short-'fused adj. likely
to become angry very easily 气急躁的：易怒的
short-hair /'J〇：the0(r); NAmE 'Joirther/ noun a breed of cat with
short hair M%猫一compare longhair