out/你真该看看她发现事情真相时脸上的表情！ o note at MODAL

GRAMMAR POINT语法说明

should »ought * had better

■                  Should and ought to are both used to say that something is the best thing or the right thing to cio, but should is much more common. * should 和 ought to均用以表示应该做某事，不过should常用得 多：You should take the baby to the doctor’s.你应该 把这婴儿带去看看医生。◊ / 〇wg/jf to g/Ve wp smofc/ng.我应该戒烟。In questions, shou丨d is usually used instead of ought to.在疑问句中，_通常 用 should 而不是 ought to: Should we call the doctor?我ifn叫医生来好吗？

■                  Had better can also be used to say what is the best thing to do in a situation that is happening now.

*                   had better亦可用以表示在目前状况下最好做某事： iVeW better hw/ry or we7/ m/ss 沩 e fra/V?•我们最好快 点，否则就赶不上火车了。

..鼠 You form the past by using should have.or ought to

have•过去时由 should have 或 ought to have 构成： S/?e shot/W 心ve fls/red/or some he/p.她本应该请求 帮助的。◊ You ought to have been more careful.你

本应该更小心一点的。

■                  The forms should not or shouldn't (and ought not to or oughtn't to, which are rare in NAmE and formal in Br£) are used to say that something is a bad idea or the wrong thing to do. * should not 或 shouldn’t (以及在北美英语中很少见，在英国英语 中为1E式用法的ought not to或oughtn’t to )表示不 运该：y〇w s^oi/Wa? Y dr/ve so /os[你不应该把车并得 这么快。

■                  The forms should not have or shouldn’t have and, much less frequently, ought not to have or oughtn’t to have are used to tal.k about the past.

*                   should not have 或 shouldn’t have 以及很少每的 ought not to have 或 oughtn’t to have 均用于指过去： I’m sorry, I shouldn’t have lost my temper.对不起，

我不该发脾气。

GRAMMAR POINT语法说明

should»would

In modern English, the traditional difference between should and would in reported sentences, conditions, requests, etc. has disappeared and should is not used very much at all. In spoken English the short form is usually used.在现代英语中，should或would在间接 引述中、在表示条件、请求等句子中的传统区别已不复 存在；should基本上不怎么用，在英语口语中常用简 .鈞式’d表示：/ sfl/d /’d (=丨would) he /ate•我说我要 迟到了.。◊    he would) Mve /汝to have fcee/i

a/7 artor.他本来敲当演员。◊ /’d (= I would) pre/ato?.我倒是更喜欢喝茶。

The main use of should now is to tell somebody what they ought to do, to give advice, or to add emphasis. 现在should主要用于告诉某人应该做什么、给予忠告 或加强语气：We should really go and visit them soon. 我们的确应该马上去看看他们〇 ◊ showW/7flve seen /f/你应该看见的！

shoul-def 〇T»/'Jauld8(r); NAmE'iou-/ noun, verb mnoun

► PART OF BODY 身体部fi' 1 [C] either of the two parts of the body between the top of each arm and the neck 肩；肩膀；肩胛：He dung the bag over his shou/der.他 把包一甩，挎在肩上。◊ She tapped him on the shouWer. 她拍 了拍他命肩M。〇He Zoofce& back over his shouider. 他扭头朝后看。◊ She shrugged her shouWers (=showing that she didn’t know or care).她耸了耸肩。

◊ an ojQT-t/ie-shouWer dress 露肩连衣裙◊ ffe carried the

1851 shoulder strap

c/ifZd on his shouiders.他把孩子扛在肩上。一picture o BODY

■                  -SHOULDERED 肩膀 2 (in adjectives 构成形容词）having

the type of shoulders mentioned …肩膀的：broad- shouldered. ^          — see also round-shouldered

■                  CLOTHING 衣威 3 [C] the part of a piece of clothing that covers the shoulder■(表服的）肩部：a jacket with padded shoulders带垫肩如吳克

■                  MEAT 肉 4 [U，C]〜（of sth) meat from the top part of one of the front legs of an animal that has four legs huM^ 肩肉

■                  OF MOUNTAIN/BOTTLE，ETC.山、瓶子等 5 [C] ~ (of Sth) a part of sth, such as a bottle or mountain, that is shaped like a shoulder 山肩；瓶肩：77ie viHage Zayjust around the shoi/Wer 〇/the TiZH. #争恰好坐落在山肩处。

■                  SIDE OF ROAD 公鹿边 6 [C] (AWwf) an area of ground at the side of a road where vehicles can stop in an emergency路肩（公路两侧供车辆紧急停靠的地带）：

shou〖der/or next 5 mfies.前方5英里之内没有路肩。 —see also hard shoulder, soft shoulder ITiTTH be looking over your 'shoulder to be anxious and have the feeling that sb is going to do sth unpleasant or harmful to ypu 揣揣不安；小心提防 on sb’s shoulders if blame, guilt, etc. is on sb’s shoulders, they must take responsibility for it 由某人承 put your shoulder to the 'wheel to start working very hard at a particular task着手大干起来；全力以赴 a shoulder to 'cry on (used to describe a person who listens to your problems and gives you sympathy 倾诉 的对象）.shouliier to 'shoulder (with sb) 1 physicaliy close to sb 肩并肩地；紧挨葶 2 as one group that has the same aims, opinions, etc.并肩；齐心协ij. — more at chip n., cold adj., head n., old, rub v., straight adv.

mverb

■                  ACCEPT RESPONSIBILITY 承担责任 1 [VN] to accept the responsibility for sth 承担；担负：to s/iouWer the resjponsibiKty/Wame /or sth分某事承担责彳壬/过失◊ women who shoulder the double burden of childcare and 力iH-time work既抚养孩子又做全职工作，承担着双重负 担的妇女

■                  PUSH WITH SHOULDER 用肩推 2         to push

forward with your shoulder in order to get somewhere 挤；闯：[VN] He shouldered Ziis way through the crowd and went a_/iter her.他侧身从人群中挤了过去，跟在她后 面。◊ [V] She shouWered past a woman with a screaming baby.她从一个怀抱啼哭婴儿的女人身边挤了过去。

3 [VN +adv./prep.] to push sb/sth out of your way with your shoulder (用肩膀）推开，顶开：Hes/iouWered the man aside.他一膀子把那男人撞到了一旁。

■                  CARRY ON SHOULDER 肩负 4 [VN] to carry sth on your shoulder 背；扛；挑；担：She shouldered her bag and set ojQT home.她扛起包朝家走去。

'shoulder bag noun a bag, especially a handbag, that is carried over the shoulder with a long narrow piece of leather, etc.(小）挎包

'shoulder blade noun either of the two large flat bones at the top of the back 肩胛骨     scapula

—picture o body

.shoulder-'high adj. as high as a person^ shoulders 齐肩髙的：a s/iouWer-high waH —堵齐肩高的墙 ► .shoulder- high adv. ： They carried him shoulder-high through the crowd.他们把他g在肩头，穿过人群。

'shoulder-丨ength   (especially of hair 尤指头发）long

enough to reach your shoulders 齐肩的

'shoulder pad noun [usually pi.] 1 a small piece of thick cloth that is sewn into the shoulder of a dress, jacket, etc. to make a person’s shoulders look bigger (衣月g > 垫肩 2： a piece of hard plastic that people wear under their shirts to protect their shoulders when playing American football, ice hockey, etc.(.美式足球、冰 球等运动衣内的）护肩一picture O FOOTBALL

shoulder strap noun 1 a strip of cloth on a dress or other piece of clothing that goes over your shoulder from the front to the back (衣服）肩带 2 a long strip of cloth, leather, etc. that is attached to a bag so that you can carry it over your shoulder (背包）背带