splurge /spl3：d3； NAmE spl3：rd3/ noun, verb
unoun [usually sing.] {informal) an act of spending a lot of money on sth
that you do not really need 乱花钱；糟蹋
钱；挥霍
■
verft [VN，V]〜（sth) (on sth) to
spend.a lot of
money on sth that you
do not really need 乱 (钱）.；
糟蹋（钱h挥霍
splutter /'splAt9(r)/
verb, noun
_ verfc 1 〜sth
(out) I 〜（with sth) to speak quickly and with
difficulty, making soft spitting
sounds, because are angry or embarrassed气急败坏地说；慌张地说
sputter ： [V speech] 'But, but ... you can't!' she sputtered.
“可是，可是…你不能啊！ ”她急促而慌乱地 说。◊
{V] Her/other sputtered with
indignation•她父亲 气得说•^都语羌伦次了。2 [V]
to make a series of short explosive
sounds 发噗噗声；_■发嘛啪声 HTH sputter： 77ie_/iireworfc
spluttered and went out.花炮嘛里啪啦地喷
完后灭了。 ◊ She 介om the
Waze, coughing and
spZuttering.她从大A中也出来，一边咳嗽，一边噗噗地
吐气。
• nown a
short explosive sound 噗的一声；啪的一.声： 77ie car started wfth a Zoud shutter. A 车突的一声.发
动了。
spoil 〇~w /spoil/ verb, noun
mverb (spoiled,
spoiled /spoild/) [BrE also spoilt^ spoilt /spoilt/)
1 [VN] to change sth good into sth bad, unpleasant, useless, etc.破坏；搞坏；糟蹋；毁掉 BEEl ruin： Our
camping trip was spoilt by bad weather, 气不好，破环了我们的&营旅行。◊ Don’t〖et him spoii your evening.别让他搞得你一晚上不开心。◊ The tall buiWfngs have spoked t/ie Wew.那些高楼大厦破坏 了这一
、带的景致。◊
Don’t eat too many nuts—you刃 spoil your appetite
(= will no longer be hungry at the proper time to eat).别吃太多坚果，会影响你的食欲。◊(阶£) spoikd ballot papers (= not valid
because not correctly marked) 废选票 2 [VN] to
give a child everything that they ask for and not enough discipline in a way
that has a bad effect on their character and behaviour 溺爱；娇惯；宠 坏 PCT71 overindulge： She
spoils those kids of hers.她 那几个孩子给她宠坏了。3 [VN]〜sb/yourself
to make si)/yourself happy by doing sth special 善涛；格外关
照：Why not spoi7 yourseZ/ wi'th a
weekend a top hotd?为什么不到顶级饭店度个周末，让自己享受享受
呢？ ◊ Jfe reaHy spoked m‘e on my
birthday.我过生扫那
天他真让我受宠若惊。4 [V] (of food食物）to become bad so that it can no longer be
eaten 变坏；变质；腐败 HT1 go off IT»T??I be spoiling
for a fight to want to fight with sb very much、按擦不住想打架 spoil the ,ship for a
ha^^rth/ha^ennyworth of tar (saying) to spoil sth good
because you did not spend enough money or time on a smali but essential part of
it 因小央.夭 ——more at cook n.
■
noun 1 the spoils [pi ] (formal or literary) goods taken from a place by thieves or by an army that
has won a battle or war 邊物；战利品；掠夺物 2 spoils [pi.]
the profits or advantages that sb gets from being successful 成功所带来的好处；权力地位的连带利益：the
spoiko/ h妙_ce身居高位的连带利益3 [U] (tedm/cfl/术语) waste material that is brought up when a hole is dug,
etc:(开掘等时挖出的）弃土，废石方
spoil-age /'spoilid3/
noun [U] (technical the decay of food which means that it can no longer be
used (長物 的;变质，腐败
spoil-er /'spoila(r)/ notv/i 1 a part
of an aircraft's wing that can be raised in order to interrupt the flow of air
over it and so slow the aircraft’s speed (机翼的}扰流 片，.阻流板一picture
o page Rii 2 a raised part on a fast car that prevents
it from being lifted off the road when travelling very fast (汽车的）气流偏导器3((^亡- cially NAm£) a candidate for a political office who is
unlikely to win but who may get enough votes to prevent one of the main
candidates from winning 选举 中的搅局者（:无望获胜但所得选票可能使某主要候选人无
法当选）4 a
person or thing that intends or is intended to stop sb/stli being successful 阻碍…成功的人 _(或事 物）;‘搞砸…的人(或事物）5 information
that you are given about what is going to happen in a film/movie, television
series etc. before it is shovm to the public (在电影、电视连续剧等公峽前的）剧情透漏
6 a newspaper story, book, etc. that is produced very quickly in order to take attention
away from one produced by a competitor that
appears at the same time („争而迅速>发表的）抵消影响的报道（或书籍等） 'spoiling tactics noun [pi.] (er£) actions which
are intended to stop sb from doing what they plan to do 破f战术，搅局行为（使他人的计划无法实现）
spoil-sport /'spoilspoit; NAmE -spoirt/ noun [informal) a person who
spoils other people’s enjoyment, for example by not taking part in an activity
or by trying to stop other people from doing ■ it 扫兴■的■人■:
Don't be such a spoikport/ 别让人扫兴! the 'spoils system noun [sing.] the arrangement in US politics
which allows the President to give government jobs to supporters after winning
an election 美国当选
总$把官职分给支持者的）政党分肥制，赐职制
spoilt /spoilt/ (fir£) (also spoiled /spoild/, NAmE, Br£)
adj. (of a child 故子)rude and badly'behaved
because they are given everything they ask for and riot enough discipline宠坏碎娇惯坏碎：a
spoiled brat娇惯坏的淘
气鬼◊ He’s spofit rotten (= a lot).他给惯得一点样子都
.'没有了-。.. be spoilt for 'choice (Br£) to have such a lot of things to choose from that it
is very difficult to make a decision东西多得）挑花眼
spoke /spauk; NAmE spouk/
noun one of the thin
bars or long straight pieces of metal that connect the centre of a wheel to its
outer edge, for example on a bicycle 辐条；轮辐一picture o bicycle
IFfTii put a spoke in sb's wheel (fir£)
to prevent sb from putting their plans into operation破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人实行计划 —see
also speak, spoke, spoken v,
SYNONYMS同义词辨析
oral ♦ vocal
These words all describe producing language using the
voice，rather
than writing.以上各词均指 口头、用口
spoken (of
language) produced using the voice; said ’rather.th.an written 相口语的、口头的：an exam in spo/cen £ng//s/7 英语 U 语考试
oral [usually
before noun] spoken rather than written 指 U 头的、口述的：vv/7/ fee a test 〇/ 沩 ora/ and frenc/?.将有一戌象语口试和金试，
SPOKEN OR ORAL?用 spoken 还是 oral ?
Both of these words can be used to refer to language
skills and the communication of information,
词均用于语言技巧和信息交流：spo/c⑼/ora/ Rendi v
:法语口语.◊
spo^en/ora/ presentof/on 口;头报告 1 n these cases oral is
slightly more technical than spoken. Oral but not
spoken can also be used
with words such as tradition, culture and legends to talk about the way in which
people pass stories down from one generation to the next, and in legal contexts
followed by words such as ev/t/ence and hefm’ng.在上述例子 ■中，oral 较 spoken 专业一些,，...
oral 弈:可与..tradition、 culture和legends等词连用5指故事代代相传的方式。
在法律语境丰，oral后哥接evidence和hearing等词，
spoken,则不能。
vocal [usually
before noun] connected with the voice指嗓音的、发音的：vora/
mws/c声乐◊
f/ie vora/ organs (= the tongue, lips，etc.):,发声器官.
Vocal is used
to talk about the ability to produce sounds using the voice, and is often used
in musical contexts when referring to singing. * vocal
关乎发音的能力，.常用于音乐语境中，指歌唱。
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS
■
spoken/oral French/English/Japanese, etc.
■
spoken/oral language skills
a(ri) spoken/oral presentation/report