sth the quality of being physically strong i$A; AH',

X ft: He pushed against the rock with all his strength. ^ M4* X JiSiy&E} Ao o It may take a few weeks for you to build up your strength again. pJtlafilSc

o 0 She didn’t have the strength to walk any further.  o 0 He had a physical strength

that matched his outward appearance. ffe [7 A -A (ft 2 [U] the ability that sth has to resist force or hold heavy weights without breaking or being damaged jjg f§;: the strength of a rope A(ft ® ft; — see

also INDUSTRIAL-STRENGTH

►                BEING BRAVE '/]     3 [U, sing.] the quality of being brave

and determined in a difficult situation §c f]; M ^ A; M. M Ait: During this ordeal he was able to draw strength from his faith. £        A , fife # IA/A & £

in W X A HL o 0 She has a remarkable inner strength. M A 7 Jt Eft M A 0 0 You have shown great strength of character. ifcifcfflWUWMAo

►                POWER/INFLUENCE % Jj; fr Jj 4 [U] the power and influ­

ence that sb/sth has JA A : Political power depends upon economic strength. ikjntiLAM'&ifr&'ffrQAo 0 Their superior military strength gives them a huge advantage.    0 to

negotiate from a position of strength Iik&A    o

The rally was intended to be a show of strength by the socialists.

►                OF OPINION/FEELING M Jft ; Jg fit 5 [U] how strong or

deeply felt an opinion or a feeling is   :

the strength of public opinion     0 This

view has recently gathered strength (= become stronger or more widely held).     AH^ A^^To

o I was surprised by the strength of her feelings, ftfeJiitff

►                ADVANTAGE \t fr 6 [C] a quality or an ability that a

person or thing has that gives them an advantage fr; The ability to keep calm is one of her

many strengths.        0 0

the strengths and weaknesses of an argument —

mxz&mmzfr

►                OF NATURAL FORCE ft B j) 7 [U] how strong a natural force is gg®; AM: the strength of the sun X PH 65 3fiJt 0 wind strength JAX 0 the strength and direction of the

tidem^m^X Ift

►                 OF FLAVOUR iif.in 8 [U, C] how strong a particular flavour or substance is S. ; $c MM M : Add more curry powder depending on the strength required. #f Sc X (ft P      0 a range of beers with different strengths (= with different amounts of alcohol in them)

►                OF CURRENCY % ffj 9 [U] how strong a country’s currency (= unit of money) is in relation to other countries’ currencies ® M ( H ft ) : the strength of the dollar

►                NUMBER IN GROUP #ttA8Sc£:l£ 10 [U] the number of people in a group, a team or an organization

%; XX : The strength of the workforce is about to be

doubled from 3 000 to 6 000. I&X A$#Si    # , Eh

3 000 A is jJP A 6 000 Xo 0 The team will be back at full strength (= with all the best players) for the next match. &3ao The protesters turned out in strength (= in large numbers). FKM^XAWMo 0 These cuts have left the local police force under strength (= with fewer members than it needs).

mfffl go from .strength to strength to become more and more successful

Since her appointment the department has gone from strength to strength.   jA7^f]MA4£Alff-

T o on the strength of sth because sb has been influenced or persuaded by sth

^ ♦ #J Eft B|r1T : I got the job on the strength of your recommendation. & X 1& 1$ H #, IS % M T IP ift X — more at tower n.

strengthen /'streqGn/ verb to become stronger; to make sb/sth stronger jjp ?g ; Jff    @ :    [V] Her

position in the party has strengthened in recent weeks. JR ifi/l/hMJW&ifc,        o Yesterday

the pound strengthened against the dollar. B^A, JtAlftffl^-hAAo 0 The wind had strengthened over-

1997

night. $:M, MHATo 0 [VN] Repairs are necessary to strengthen the bridge. &J®:#ffri?tlP[IIo 0 The exercises are designed to strengthen your stomach muscles. zftg (ft#Ti#:M'fft(fttti!$#l^lo 0 The move is clearly intended to strengthen the President’s position as head of state.         0

The new manager has strengthened the side by bringing in several younger players, fr ^ 3 jg ft! 31 ^ fl % ¥ $£ PA M {£ PA {£ (ft ^ A # I*J tP ® o O Their attitude only strengthened his resolve to fight on. AMf] 3R £ft M{MM^7^^$4(ft<&'lA 0 The new evidence will strengthen their case, fr iiH ^       ^ fife i\l W          M M Al %

fr0 WU3 WEAKEN

strenu-ous /'strenjuas/ adj. 1 needing great effort and energy f hW;          B£32l arduous: a

strenuous climb [ft S o Avoid strenuous exercise immediately after a meal.          ?>'! is A] o O

How about a stroll in the park? Nothing too strenuous. fEfrmmnm&te'Am x&xm* 2 showing great energy and determination          Wf hW;

: The ship went down although strenuous efforts were made to save it. X^XCJ AHi;iA^# J® A WUAj,   L 7 o ► strenu-ous-ly adv.: He still

works out strenuously every morning. ifj ^ A ^ M M o o The government strenuously denies the allegations.

strep throat /.strep 'Graut/ noun (NAmE, informal) an infection of the throat

strepto coccus /.strepta'knkas; NAmE -'karkas/ noun {pi. -cocci /-‘kDkai; NAmE -‘kaikai/) (medical IS) a type of bacteria, some types of which can cause serious infections and illnesses ftflfcif

Stress On* /stres/ noun, verb

unoun

►                MENTAL PRESSURE k X 1 [U, C] pressure or worry caused by the problems in sb’s life ffff X ;

fS; "X X ■■ Things can easily go wrong when people are under stress. AfeEkA 2.T,   0 to

suffer from stress WMfffEA o coping with stress J$LMF±. X 0 She failed to withstand the stresses and strains of

public life, m^xjfrx-^frixxmxmxxn'x

X o o stress-related illnesses X W1$ 17 X X A A O emotional/mental stress If / Jg, i®, M ifi o Stress is often a factor in the development of long-term sickness.

o stress

management (= dealing with stress) A BIX o note at pressure

►                PHYSICAL PRESSURE #717 Jj 2 [U, C] ~ (on sth) pressure put on sth that can damage it or make it lose its shape BLA; XL A: When you have an injury you start putting stress on other parts of your body. — B

O a stress fracture of the foot (= one caused by such pressure)

►                EMPHASIS $UJ§ 3 [U] ~ (on sth) special importance given

to sth         ; It Sc ffe : She lays great stress on

punctuality.       o I think the company

places too much stress on cost and not enough on quality.

►                ON W0RD/SYLLABLE f' in]: # fr 4 [U, C] {phonetics i£^) an extra force used when pronouncing a particular word or syllable Jr If; MiU: We worked on pronunci­ation, stress and intonation. ^ fft ^ A 7 i# #, M fP ifl o o primary/secondary stress ± / lX M 0 In ‘strategic’ the stress falls on the second syllable. * strategic —i5|{$ Jr ^ HnW7J o — compare intonation(I)

►                IN MUSIC 7 A 5 [U, C] extra force used when making a particular sound in music tpjg[ ( # )

►                ILLNESS A Jft 6 [U] illness caused by difficult physical

conditions TfiilS          Those most vulnerable

to heat stress are the elderly. ±7¥££#JA

mverb

►                EMPHASIZE ® i$ 1 to emphasize a fact, an idea, etc. ■JM

; # M : [VN] He stressed the importance of a good education.          o [V that]

/ must stress that everything I’ve told you is strictly confi­dential. mmmxi      o tv