of the nucleus of an atom together 强力宇.宙四种 基本力之一，将原子核各部分结合在一起）一see also ELECTROMAGNETISM, GRAVITY(l), WEAK FORCE

strong.hold /'stroghauld; NAmE 'stroirjhould/ noun 1 an area in which there is a lot of support for a particular belief or group of people, especially a polit- ical party有广泛支持的地方；势力强大的地方：a Republican stronghold/a stronghold of Republicanism 共和党势力强大的地区2 a castle or a place that is strongly built and difficult to attack 堡全；要塞；据点 3 an area where there are a large number of a particular t^pe of animal (某种动物的）主要栖息地： This valley is one of tHe last strongholds of the Siberian tiger.这条山谷是西伯利亚虎最后的几个主要栖息地之一。

Strong-man /'strDqmaen; NAmE 'stroii)-/ noun {pi. -men /-men/) 1 a leader who uses threats or violence to rule a country 铁腕人物；独裁者 2a physically very strong man，especially sb who performs in a circus (尤指马 戏团里的）大力士:

strong-'minded adj. having strong opinions that are not easily influenced by what other people think or say 有主见的；坚持己见的S32Jdetermined

strong-room /'strugruim; -rum; NAmE 'stroiq-/ noun a room, for example in a bank, with thick walls and a strong solid door, where valuable items are kept (银 行等的）保险库

strong ’safety/7〇w/i (in American football 美式足球) a defending player who plays opposite the attacking team’s strongest side强卫（针对長方攻势最强的一边进

行防守)

strong- willed adj. determined to do what you want to do, even if other people advise you not to 意志坚强

的；坚持己见的

stron.tium /'strontiam; ’strrnij-; NAmE 'strainj-; 'straint-/ noun [U] {symb Sr) a chemical element. Stron­tium is a soft silver-white metal.

strop /strop; NAmE straip/ noun {sing.] (BrE, informal) a very bad mood when you are .annoyed about sth 恼 怒；懊恼：Don't get in a strop—Vm only a few minutes hte.别生气•一我不过晚了几分钟。

strophe /'streufi; NAmE 'stroufl/ noun {technical ^:i§) a group of lines forming a section of a poem — com­pare stanza s stroph-ic /'straofik; NAmE'strouf-/ adj.

SYNONYMS同义词辨析

structure

framework ♦ composition ♦ construction ♦ fabric ♦ make-up

These are all words for the way the different parts of sth combine together or the way that sth has been made•以 上各词均指事物各个不同部分的组合、构造。 structure the way in which the parts of sth are connected together or arranged; a particular arrangement of parts 指结构'构造对rwrtwre 〇/ the bui丨ding/hi^man body.建致物 / 人择结:构.◊ the social smvcfwreo/soc/efy■社会如社各结构◊ sfrt/cfwres o/fl /angwflge —种语言的语法结构 〇..〇 sfl/0/7 stn/cfwre ：n 资M构

framework a set of beliefs, ideas or rules that forms the basis of a system or society指构成某个体系或社会 基础的信仰、泌点、准则：7^ r印o/t prov/’t/e5 a /ra/77ewo/-/c/or/w./t/7er,reseflrd?.报告提供了进一步研究'

的原则。

composition (rather formal) the different parts or people that combine to form sth; the way in which they combine指不同部分或人的构成、组合方式：rece/it changes in the composition of the workforce:劳动力粗名;

/最近的变化

construction the way that sth has been built or made 指建造或构造：始/ps o/stee/ comtrwrt/o/i钢结构船 fabric (rather format) the basic structure of a society or an organization that enables it to function successfully

2005                     structure

stroppy /'strDpi; NAmE 'straipi/ adj. {BrE, informal) (of a person 人）easily annoyed and difficult to deal with 动

辄生气的；性情暴躁的；易怒难处的：get stroppy with me—it isn’t my /emit/别冲我生气』—这不是義 的错！

strove pt of strive

struck pt, pp of STRIKE

Structural /'strAktJerGl/ adj. [usually before noun] con­nected with the way in which sth is built or organized

■结构（或构造）上的：Storms have caused structural damage to hundreds 〇/homes.几场暴风雨毁了成百_4^千 所住宅，连结构都破环了。◊ structured changes h sodety 社会结构的变化► struc-tur.aMy /-arali/ : rhe bidding is    soimd 这座房字韓构完好。.◊

77ie Zanguages are structurany d访"erent.这些语言存在M 构上的区别。

structural engi'neer noun a person whose job is to plan large buildings, bridges, etc.结构工程师（设计大

型建筑、桥梁f)

struc-tur-al-ism /'strAktj'arelizam/ noun [u] (in litera- ture，language and social science 女学、语言及社会科学） a theory that considers any text as a structure whose various parts only have meaning when they are considered in relation to each other 结构圭乂（ i义为:任 何一篇文字为一结构体系，其各个部分只有在相互关系中 才有意义）一 compare deconstruction ► struc tur-ai- ist /-relist/ noun, adj. ： a structurafct approach 结构主 苳方法

.structural linguistics noun [u] the part of linguis­tics that deals with language as a system of related structures结构主义语言学（把语言作为相关联的结构 体系> k

Structure 0*w /-strAktia^)/ noun, verb

mnoun 1 [U, C] the way in which the parts of sth are connected together, arranged or organized; a particular arrangement of parts 结构；构造：the structure 〇/ the buiMng 这座建余:物的结為I ◊ changes fn the soda〖 and economic structure 〇/society —个社会在社会结构和经济 结构上的变化◊ the grammat〖cd structures 〇/a kmguage 一种语言的语法结构◊ a salary structure工备结构2 [C] a thing that is made of several parts, especially a building 结构体；（尤指）建筑物：a stone/bridc/wooden

指社会、机构等的基本结构：This is a trend which fhreflfens the veryo/soc/efy.这是威胁社会基本

结构的趋势。

make-up the different people or things that combine to form sth; the way in which they combine 指本_人

或事物的构成、构i方式：如genef/c         〇/

动植物基因的构成

COMPOSITION OR MAKE-UP?用 composition 还是 make-up ?

The main difference between these words is the level of formality. Composition is more often used in scientific and technical contexts; make-up is more often used in speech and journalism. Make-up also means the different qualities that combine to form sb's character. 上述两词的主要区别在f使用场合的正式程度。 composition较常用于軚技语境，make-up则较常用于口 语和新闻报道中。make-up亦指人的性格、气质。

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS

■                 the structure/framework/composition/construction/ fabric/make-up of sth

■                 the basic structure/framework/composition/ construction/fabric of sth

■                 the economic/poiitical/social structure/framework/ composition/fabric/make-up of sth

■                 the chemical/genetic structure/composition/make-up of sth

a'simple/complex str'ucture^ramework