sul-tan-ate /'SAltaneit/ noun 1 the rank or position of a sultan ft  2 an area of land that is ruled over

by a sultan A ftHiUn (7 A: the Sultanate of Oman psj # ft f\ [ij 3 the period of time during which sb is a SULTAN

sultry /'SAltri/ adj. 1 (of the weather or air     A)

very hot and uncomfortable  033 muggy: a

sultry summer afternoon HA—2 {formal) (of a woman or her appearance XXs&l&^M) sexually attractive; seeming to have strong sexual feelings

HT1 sexy: a sultry smile 0 a sultry singer jf A lift ¥ ► sul tri­ness noun [U]

sum (H* /SAm/ noun, verb

m noun 1 [C] ~ (of sth) an amount of money ; Ift^: You will be fined the sum of £200.       31ft 200

0                  a large sum of money — A $5 0 a six-figure sum - ^

A {v. (ft M —see also lump sum 2 [C, usually sing.] ~ (of sth) the number you get when you add two or more numbers together #1; J&Tfl;          : The sum of 7

and 12 is 19. * 7 1jP 12 (ft#l|| 190 3 (also ,sum 'total) [sing.] the ~ of sth all of sth, especially when you think that it is not very much    —Ej] ( Atnl^fiAA ) :

This is the sum of my achievements so far. & gfc jl 3% S #j (ft ft bP i£ o 4 [C] a simple problem that involves calculating numbers If A; (     ) TUXiiM--. to do

a sum in your head %[ XM o I was good at sums at school. t ^ Bt It % A o 0 If I’ve got my sums right,

1                  should be able to afford the rent.

be greater/more than the sum of its 'parts to be better or more effective as a group than you would think just by looking at the individual members of the group 7j£+E]1J(l7t(nllEf;:lft A i A in ‘sum (formal) used to introduce a short state­ment of the main points of a discussion, speech, etc. & A; MWA

verb ( mm-) IJ!I;1*J sum up | sum sth^'up 1 to state the main points of sth in a short and clear form & ^; M fh HT3 summarize : To sum up, there are three main ways of tackling the problem ...        Ai&) is -

0 [+ wh-] Can I just sum up what we've agreed so far?      S HU

&iR,2 (of a judge tf) to give a summary of the main facts and arguments in a legal case, near the end of a trial (    — related noun

summing-up ,sum sb/sth—’up 1 to describe or show the most typical characteristics of sb/sth, especially in a few words flj ffl If A: Totally lazythat just about sums him up. mm r —-   2 to

form or express an opinion of sb/sth ig;, fil &fr ( 7- AsS;^^/ ) KT1 size UP: She quickly summed up the situation and took control. MtS'feftth H(B. X 0 #, # ]$$i] \EM ffi0 — related noun summing-up summa cum laude /.soma ,kom ‘loidi; 'laudei/ adv., adj. (from Latin) (in the US) at the highest level of achievement that students can reach when they finish their studies at college ( H® )         M ( =Mft#

J) : He graduated summa cum laude from Harvard.         SA^¥ik0 —compare

CUM LAUDE, MAGNA CUM LAUDE

summarize (BrE also -ise) /'SAmaraiz/ verb to give a summary of sth (= a statement of the main points)

M : [VN] The results of the research are summarized at the end of the chapter.      $&--$

[also V]

sum-mary 0-w /'sAmari/ noun, adj. a noun {pi. -ies) a short statement that gives only the main points of sth, not the details ,&; MIS; MW : The following is a summary of our conclusions.    lift Jl

,<& i& fjf, tin F o 0 a news summary $r fe] ii 0 a two-page summary of a government report — M A (ft j/C Iff If A IS M o In summary, this was a disappointing performance. MAC i/iilL+AAftSo * adj. [only before noun] 1 (formal) giving only the main points of sth, not the details ,&^j4(ft; iisW; $0? (ft: a summary financial statement M #    & JR rM o

I made a summary report for the records. iE 5^ [Aj ff \%i f Db g- j=[£ 0 2 (sometimes disapproving) done

immediately, without paying attention to the normal process that should be followed          BP

^ ^      : summary justice/execution BP ^ij; ^ ^

fthlA 0 a summary judgement         ► sum mar ily

/'SAmarali; NAmE sa'merali/ adv. : to be summarily dismissed/executed

sum-mat /'sAmat; 'samat/ noun (NEngE, non-standard) a way of writing a spoken form of ‘something’ ( some­thing  )

sum ma tion /sA'meiJn/ noun 1 [usually sing.] (format) a summary of what has been done or said ; MfS: What he said was a fair summation of the discussion, -fife & #     t£ ^ 7^        o 2 (formal) a collection

of different parts that forms a complete account or impression of sb/sth "/[' & jftf;      The exhibition

presents a summation of the artist’s career. WtfLfkMWM T3 (NAmE, law ^) a final speech that a lawyer makes near the end of a trial in court, after all the evidence has been given (    ) }£H!

!#?&&&

sum-mer o-m /'SAma(r)/ noun [U, C] the warmest season of the year, coming between spring and autumn/fall JR A; JC ^: We’re going away in the summer. Iftt (\] ^ fth tB 0   0 It’s very hot here in

summer. M % A ^ Q o in the summer of 2005 /E 2005 *£ M ^ o late/early summer M A ; lUlo this/ nextAast summer 4“^/T~~7/AtSft 0 a cool/ hot/wet summer    0 It is now

high summer (= the hottest part of summer). IE ft ® Mo 0 a summer’s day M 0 0 a summer dress

A ^ o the summer holidays/vacation $ O two summers ago M ^ HU — see also Indian summer(I) nrm see swallow n.

'summer camp noun [C, u] (in the US) a place where children go during the summer and take part in sports and other activities

'summer house noun 1 a small building in a garden/ yard for sitting in in good weather (      i&|^ 7-i.l$ )

2 (also 'summer home) (NAm£) a house that sb lives in only during the summer

.summer 'pudding noun [c, u] (BrE) a cold dessert (= a sweet dish) made from berries surrounded by slices of bread that have absorbed their juice S 4* ^ T

summer school noun [C, U] courses that are held in the summer at a university or college or, in the US, at a

school mm ( 7MA4-7&,     )

.summer 'stock noun [U] (NAmE) the production of special plays and other entertainment in areas where people are on holiday/vacation (

sij&jf

'summer student noun (CanE) a student, especially a university student, who is working at a job for the summer ~mX (      )

'summer time (BrE) (NAmE daylight saving time) noun [U] the period during which in some countries the clocks are put forward one hour, so that it is light for an extra hour in the evening SL/>b7 ( X

M,     -707 fUmapjiM )

sum mer time /'SAmataim; NAmE -mart-/ noun [u] the season of summer ; MX; M4*: It’s beautiful here in (the) summertime. iiJIJiAtSHo

sum mery /'SAmari/ adj. typical of or suitable for the summer      : summery

weather M H WXH o a light summery dress MXWtEjM nna wintry

.summing-'up noun (pi. summings-up) 1 a speech that the judge makes near the end of a trial in court, in which he or she reminds the jury about the evidence and the most important points in the case before the jury makes its decision ( rrfJ' 21  hu & 'M l«J Ph ^ Pfl #

2                  an occasion when sb states the main points of an argument, etc.

sum mit /'SAmit/ noun 1 the highest point of sth, espe­cially the top of a mountain Mk H A; M&; iilTj5: We reached the summit at noon.