computer’s disk drive. % it fj M *4 7 it # 41 M & U
3&«t.
surgeon /'S3:d30n; NAmE 'S3:rd30n/ noun a doctor who is
trained to perform surgery (= medical operations that involve cutting open a
person’s body) a brain/heart, etc. surgeon $5 4[, 4> III
/[■ 4[ # E £
—
compare physician
.Surgeon
'General noun [pi Surgeons General) (in the
A:: Surgeon General’s warning: cigarette
smoking causes cancer Mil
surgery /'S3:d3ari;
NAmE 'S3:rd3-/ noun {pi. -ies) 1 [U] medical treatment
of injuries or diseases that involves cutting open a person’s body and often
removing or replacing some parts; the branch of medicine connected with this
treatment # A A ; A £[- 4A major/minor surgery A / A A A o to undergo heart surgery ^ ^ A H A A 0 He will require
surgery on his left knee. 1& H WM A ° nT3I3 In American English the
countable form can be used: She had three surgeries over ten days. She had
three surgeries over ten
days. —see also open-heart surgery, plastic
surgery 2
[U, C] (Br£) the time during which
a doctor, dentist or vet is available to see
patients i# Bf [hJ :
morning/afternoon/evening
surgery ± A / A A / Ib] jSt i# | b] o surgery hours j£Zi#
Btlh]
❖ Is there a surgery this
evening? i# ? 3 [C] {BrE) {NAmE office) a place where a doctor,
dentist or vet sees patients #HC; H a doctor’s/
dentist’s surgery |£A#J /^IS 4 [C] {BrE) a time
when people can meet their
Member of Parliament to ask questions and get help ( M H I# 04 la]: a
constituency
surgery
sur gi cal /‘S3:d3ikl; NAmE 'S3ird3-/ adj.
[only
before noun] used
in or connected with surgery $\- $1; 4[A4 A A
$) : surgical procedures A
M. l¥ 0 cl surgical ward (= for patients having
operations) £144 A A ► sur- gi-caMy /-kli/ adv.: The
lumps will need to be surgically removed. jt#I4*£fr¥A-teo .surgical 'spirit (Br£) {NAmE 'rubbing alcohol) noun [u] a clear liquid,
consisting mainly of alcohol, used for cleaning wounds, etc. EUHMft; surly /'S3:li; NAmE 'S3irli/ adj. (surlier, surliest)
bad-
tempered and rude
a surly youth AlUilft A3SA ► surliness noun [U]
surmise verb, noun
m verb /sa'maiz; NAmE sar'm-/ {formal) to guess or suppose
sth using the evidence you have, without definitely knowing #£ jflij ; $ij PCT71 conjecture : [V (that)] From the looks on
their faces, I surmised that they had had an argument.
[also V, V speech, VN, V wh-]
it noun /'S3:maiz; NAmE 'S3:rm-/ [U, C, usually sing.] {formal) a guess based on some
facts that you know already HilJ; ill: This is pure surmise
on my part.
mmm0
surmount /sa'maont;
NAmE sar'm-/ verb [VN] {formal)
1
to deal successfully with a difficulty
j&IH; HA Em
overcome : She was well aware of
the difficulties that had to be surmounted. M 111 it $t III HP * ffl M„
2
[usually passive] to be placed on top of
sth A
( £ )
± ffi ; S A: ( £ $1 ) IS ^ : a high column
surmounted by a statue AJftttA
surname 0“i* /'S3:neim; NAmE 'S3:rn-/ noun {especially BrE)
a name shared by all the
members of a family (written last in English names) £4 —compare family name,
LAST
NAME
surpass /sa'pais;
NAmE sar'paes/ verb {formal) to do or be better than
sb/sth
one day to surpass the
world record, At!©]|It
o Its success has surpassed all expectations.
TIlo o Her cooking was always
good, but this time she had surpassed herself (= done better than her own high
standards).
faAAIg, o [V] scenery of
surpassing beauty
surplice /'S3:plas; NAmE
'S3:rp-/ noun a loose white piece of clothing with wide sleeves worn by
priests and singers in the choir during
church services ( Hc±fnui
surplus /'S3:plas; NAmE
'S3:rp-/ noun, adj. m noun [C, U] 1 an
amount that is extra or more than you needjlf!]; M&l ftffit;
IW&Ui: food surpluses
0
Wheat was in surplus that year. gp—AAjij-S Mo 2 the
amount by which the amount of money received is greater than the amount of
money spent SA; Ij>H: a trade surplus of £400 million * 4 fZ,j£blt la S A 0 The
balance of payments was in surplus last year (= the value of exports
was greater than the value of imports). AAgpF^^tWSAo
— compare deficit(I)
■
adj. ~ (to sth) more than is needed or
used MiPJPl); M A#J; ^ A$J: surplus
cash 0 Surplus grain
is being sold for
export. 0 These
items are surplus to
requirements (= not needed). &/1
surprise On* /sa'praiz; NAmEsar'p-/ noun, verb m noun 1 [C] an event, a piece
of news, etc. that is unexpected or that happens suddenly t£i(tAPJ ( ) (ft
♦ ; ( sScflt&lr ) : What a nice
surprise!
0
a surprise attack 0
There are
few surprises in this
year’s budget.
4>lti AMfil-tfJMkfjo 0 I have a surprise for you!
—144^ I(J W
¥! 0 It comes as no surprise to learn that they broke their promises, #4^
itA^lf o Her letter came
as a complete surprise. 7f\ffW. 3\3\
M 69 jW o o There are lots of surprises
in store for visitors to the gallery.
W
A ® o 0 Visitors to the gallery are in for a few surprises.
61)
% M 0 2 [U, C] ~ (at sth) |
~ (at seeing, hearing,
etc.) a feeling caused by
sth happening suddenly or unexpectedly ^ of; ^ if; # : a look of surprise ^
i?l$ili 0 She looked up in
surprise.
3
He gasped with surprise at her
strength.
AMAH, ItfeAlfc —$<, 0 They couldn’t conceal their surprise at seeing us
together. # M fl ft—^, life
111 A
01 got a surprise when I saw the billJ — — 1sCo o Much to my surprise,
4
passed. JEE fiUL ffl £1 ■,
R T „ o To everyone’s surprise, the
plan succeeded.
^!]
% i$L % T ^ o o Imagine our surprise when he
walked into the room! ?cfll
^
'A ! 3 [U] the use of methods that cause
feelings of surprise tfj AWit#AJ±5#t!ljttW^li§-: A successful campaign should have an
element of surprise.
vm sur prise,
sur'prise {informal) 1 {ironic,
often disapproving) used to show that sth is not a surprise to you, as
you could easily have predicted that it would happen or be true ( iA A 4^^. ) : One
of the candidates was the
manager’s niece, and surprise,
surprise, she got the job.
&
2 used when giving sb a surprise ( Surprise, surprise!
Look who’s here! A
fJ BE! # # & M. it! take sb/sth by
sur'prise to
attack or capture sb/sth unexpectedly or without warning The police
took the burglars by
surprise. A^
take sb by sur'prise to happen unexpectedly
so that sb is slightly shocked; to surprise sb A^^; tb A M A M
44: His frankness took her by surprise. M 'S:
mmimuMmo
uverb 1 to make sb feel
surprised $»$^f;
PJ
.W/h: [VN]
It wouldn’t surprise me
if they got married
soon, o[vn
wh-] It’s always surprised me
how popular he is. life M / ffl'AgtXm, o m that] It surprises
me that you’ve never
sung professionally, A
PH4 /A A
0
[VN to
inf] Would it surprise
you to know that I’m thinking of leaving? ^ 4c 4f i414 4c IT ^
jf & M , 14 ^ lc/p
R-4 ? 2 [VN] to attack, discover,
etc., sb suddenly and unexpectedly Lb^A^ifelSCtb; ^