touch-and-go          2138 |

lose 'touch (with sb/sth 1 to no longer have any contact with sb/sth A : I’ve lost touch with all my old friends.

%. „ 2 to no longer understand sth, especially how ordinary people feel TffTft? ( A fit -MKWMUs: ) more at common adj., light adj touch-and-'go adj. [not usually before noun] (informal) used to say that the result of a situation is uncertain and that there is a possibility that sth bad or unpleasant will happen       AfEfi;          At*!

A h : She’s fine now, but it was touch-and-go for a while (= there was a possibility that she might die).       jF

T,

touch-down /'tAtJdaun/ noun 1 [c, U] the moment when a plane or spacecraft lands ( A fT ^ T t£ilj &U ) 4r®,          BHII landing 2 [C] (in rugby ®

an act of scoring points by putting the ball down on the area of ground behind the other team’s goal line ( 3 [C] (in American foot­

ball It A;A5£) an act of scoring points by crossing the other team’s goal line while carrying the ball, or receiving the ball when you are over the other team’s goal line 1*1$ (

tm) ^

tou che /'tu:Jei; NAmE tur'Jei/ exclamation (from French) used during an argument or a discussion to show that you accept that sb has answered your comment in a clever way and has gained an advantage by making a good point    ) MtJJiL

Ifil,

touched /tAtJt/ adj. [not before noun] 1 ~ (by sth) | ~ (that ...) feeling happy and grateful because of sth kind that sb has done; feeling emotional about sth f&flfc.    ; Mdtl: She was touched by their warm

welcome.    0 I was touched

that he still remembered me. ffb ifj M id %         $c T ZU

iBdtlc o She was touched by the plight of the refugees. Xf£ K UU ®1 M {£ M I'J M tib o 2 (old-fashioned, informal) slightly crazy #£5^4;

.touch 'football noun [U] (NAmE) a type of American football in which touching is used instead of tack­ling M# AMm ( f'JIMMMfnXJiMiftllAA $c ) — compare flag football touching /'tAtJirj/ adj. causing feelings of pity or sympathy; making you feel emotional 4- A# 1# W A ; Efa A HTH moving : It was a touching story that moved many of us to tears. UP         it: ACliM^ A

jRW^jAiMo touchingly adv.

'touch judge noun (in rugby #$&*£) a linesman i

touch-line /’tAtJlain/ noun a line that marks the side of the playing field in football (soccer), rugby, etc. ( J5L

m.      > mk

'touch pad noun (computing if) a device which you touch in different places in order to operate a program

(m-m.m) mm

touch-paper /'tAtJpeip8(r)/ noun a piece of paper that bums slowly, that you light in order to start a fire­work burning (

'touch screen noun (computing if) a computer screen which allows you to give instructions to the computer by touching areas on it ( if ) MM touch-stone /'tAtjstaun; NAmE -stoon/ noun [usually sing.] ~ (of/for sth) (formal) something that provides a standard against which other things are compared and/or judged ut 'kff;         4* A ?£: the touchstone for

quality

'Touch-Tone™ adj. (of a telephone or telephone system f[i 15 X i5 A iff) producing different sounds when different numbers are pushed 'touch-type verb [V] to type without having to look at the keys of a typewriter or keyboard ( T # if Ik ) fix. flalAfIT; B f ]

touch-up noun a quick improvement made to the appearance or condition of sth p] &;     My

lipstick needed a touch-up. f£ n tlW W #-* "F 0:

touchy I'tAtSi/ adj. (touch-ier, touchi-est) 1 [not usually before noun] ~ (about sth) (of a person A) easily upset or offended   JUS am sensitive • He’s

a little touchy about his weight. i B JL^tSo 2 [usually before noun] (of a subject i^I§) that may upset or offend people and should therefore be dealt with carefully ^fit£l$; tm delicate, sensitive ►touchi-ness noun [U]

, touchy-1 feely adj. (informal, usually disapproving) ex­pressing emotions too openly M tOUgh 0-pf /tAf/ adj., noun, verb a adj. (tough er, tough est)

                 DIFFICULT W\ <fi" 1 having or causing problems or

difficulties  a tough childhood

0 It vvas a tough decision to make. UPfl'NII 0 She’s been having a tough time ofit(= a lot of problems) lately. MUifitHj R A - StlfMEo 0 He faces the toughest test of his leadership so far. ftfe ® l[fc

§Bltt^Xft*r*£ltt#^o oltcanbe tough trying to juggle a career and a family.

                 STRICT/FIRM/M&: .'Me 2 ~ (on/with sb/sth) demanding

that particular rules be obeyed and showing a lack of sympathy for any problems or suffering that this may cause fM&X fgsilft; A'lf W: Don’t be too tough on him—he was only trying to help. U1! M fife ^ M f2 , jfk K H *l& W ft o o It’s about time teachers started to get tough with bullies.     frUit

0 The school takes a tough line on (= punishes severely) cheating.

PU3SOFT

                 STRONG ® /S B strong enough to deal successfully with

difficult conditions or situations     Ittt#];

cl tough breed of cattle

41 0 He’s not tough enough for a career in sales. ftkX o She’s a tough cookie/ customer (= sb who knows what they want and is not easily influenced by other people). MHAWAiSiWAo 4 (of a person A) physically strong and likely to be violent    You think you’re so

tough, don’t you?    ^M, JiX ? 0 He

plays the tough guy in the movie, fife A X SZ ^          iX. c

                 MEAT fi] 5 difficult to cut or chew ;*! Ejj jFtf): ng.

^):     EQ3tender

                 NOT EASILY DAMAGED XlyftUf 6 not easily cut, broken,

torn, etc.     Iff ( mjWl.         a

tough pair of shoes 0 The reptile’s skin is

tough and scaly.     

                  UNFORTUNATE A A 7 r (on sb) (informal) unfortunate

for sb in a way that seems unfair A A       W : It

was tough on her being dropped from the team like that.

k fkiMMo o (ironic) ‘I can’t get it finished in time.’ ‘Tough! (= I don’t feel sorry about it.)’       ■” Mough-lyadv.

tough ness noun [U] flTTl (as) tough as old boots | (as) tough as 'nails (informal) 1 very strong and able to deal successfully with difficult conditions or situations #®tb;        IS 11X 2 not feeling or showing

any emotion         tough 'luck (informal)

1 (BrE) used to show sympathy for sth unfortunate that has happened to sb ( A A M ■ If ) j$J 1$ , X X is :

‘I failed by one point.’ ‘That’s tough luck.’ “ AH - jfl/. Al&o ”   a ” 2 (ironic) used to show that

you do not feel sorry for sb who has a problem ! ,t:|u]tl ) 0 A#]®: ‘If you take the car, I won’t be able to go out. ’ ‘Tough luck!“ X fj-ffi % ff X, A It Ml A A To” “ ^         % W ! m , — more at act n., going n.,

HANG V., NUT n., TALK V.

* noun (old-fashioned, informal) a person who regularly uses violence against other people Ifl H A; HH :

mm

averb        .tough sth—out to stay firm and deter­

mined in a difficult situation 'Ilf#; f£jl: You’re just going to have to tough it out. if R HWi/k/iW-MTo tough en /'tAfn/ verb ~ (sth/sb) (up) 1 to become or make sth stronger, so that it is not easily cut, broken, etc. ( [A ) M fijL MS.: [VN] toughened glass [also v| 2 [VN] to make sth such as laws or rules stricter Up % , jS fhT A# ,      i The government is